Prinsip dasar pengembangan kawasan wisat
SIP DASAR PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN WI
RAHMAT DARSONO SE, MM
STIEPAR YAPARI AKTRIPA BANDUNG
Prinsip dasar pengembangan
kawasan wisata
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mendukung Pelestarian Alam dan
Perlindungan lingkungan
Pelaksanaan kegitaan di sekitar kawasan
(destinasi) dilakukan dengan rasa
tanggung jawab yang tinggi dengan
menggunakan prinsip – prinsip
manajemen hijau/ramah lingkungan
Menciptakan kemitraan lokal
Pariwisata yang berdampak negative
rendah
Prinsip dasar pengembangan
kawasan wisata
5.
6.
Keuntungan ekonomi bagi masyarakat lokal
Menggunakan panduan yang umum dan dapat
dipertanggung jawabkan
7. Perencanaan pengembangan pariwisata yang
terpadu dan berkelanjutan
8. Pengalaman yang tidak terlupakan di daerah
tujuan wisata yang eksotik
9. Pendidikan lingkungan, kepedulian dan
tanggapan terhadap sumber daya
10. Pelibatan masyarakat lokal
Sustainable Tourism Development
There
must be a balance between
“a degree or type of
development that
will bring
economic and other benefits to
a community and the point at which
that development starts to feed on
rather than sustain the very elements at
its basis.”
(Cronin, 1990)
4
Criteria for
Sustainable Development
Follow ethical principles
Involve the local population
Give the local population an
element of control
Be undertaken with equity in mind
(Cronin, 1990)
5
Operationalizing
Sustainable Tourism Development
1. Define goals of STD for a destination.
2. Establish appropriate planning and management
framework.
3. Select relevant indicators from a candidate list
of
environmental, economic, and socio-cultural criteria.
4. Measure and monitor these indicators.
5. Periodically analyze and assess
indicator performance.
6. Determine whether original goals
are being achieved.
Source:
7. Implement remedial action if necessary.
Weaver &
Lawton, 1999
6
Candidate Sustainable Tourism Indicators
Environmental
◦ Destruction or alteration of natural habitat by tourism construction
◦ Amount of litter associated with tourism activities
◦ Resource consumption associated with tourism
Economic
◦ Revenues earned directly from tourism
◦ Proportion of destination employment associated with tourism
◦ Profitability of individual operations
Socio-Cultural
◦ Number of resident complaints against tourism
◦ Amount of crime directed against tourists
◦ Number and condition of heritage structures and sites
◦ Integrity of the local culture
7
Sustainability
An “Ideal” Balance of Capacities
in Three Systems
Economic
Environmental
Socio-Cultural
8
Sustainability
An “Ideal” Balance of Capacities
in Three Systems
Maximize Goal Achievement
across the three systems
at one and the same
time through an Adaptive
Process of Trade-Offs.
The more the three systems
and goals converge,
the more sustainable
development becomes.
Economic
Environmental
Socio-Cultural
9
Sustainability—The
Reality
Environmental
Economic
Socio-Cultural
Political-Legal System
10
Sustainability—The
Reality
Economic
Environmental
Socio-Cultural
Political-Legal System
11
Sustainability—The
Reality
Environmental
Economic
Socio-Cultural
Political-Legal System
12
Sustainability—The
Reality
Not possible to maximize all goals at the
same time through an adaptive process
of trade-offs.
Conflict almost always exists between and
among inter- and intra-system goals.
As a result of values, choices are made
as to which goals are more valuable
and
which should receive higher
priority.
As a result, different development strategies
assign different priorities to the systems
and their goals.
13
Sustainability—The Reality
Concept of sustainable development provokes
groups at different levels to
set a wide
spectrum of goals and then
to
reconcile them.
“It is this reconciliation or trade-offs implicit in
sustainable development that has inspired
much useful work since the early 1980s…
[amounting] to a new renaissance in thinking in
social welfare and development issues.”
Sandbrook, 1992)
(Holmberg &
14
There is No “Shortcut
to Sustainability!”
Patterns of sustainable development must be
built from the bottom up, showing what can be
achieved at local levels and then working to
disseminate positive experiences. (Holmberg &
Sandbrook, 1992)
“Increased emphasis is being placed on those
forms of tourism that are particularly sensitive to
promoting and retaining the integrity of natural
and socio-cultural environments.” (Swinnerton &
Hinch, 1994)
15
RAHMAT DARSONO SE, MM
STIEPAR YAPARI AKTRIPA BANDUNG
Prinsip dasar pengembangan
kawasan wisata
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mendukung Pelestarian Alam dan
Perlindungan lingkungan
Pelaksanaan kegitaan di sekitar kawasan
(destinasi) dilakukan dengan rasa
tanggung jawab yang tinggi dengan
menggunakan prinsip – prinsip
manajemen hijau/ramah lingkungan
Menciptakan kemitraan lokal
Pariwisata yang berdampak negative
rendah
Prinsip dasar pengembangan
kawasan wisata
5.
6.
Keuntungan ekonomi bagi masyarakat lokal
Menggunakan panduan yang umum dan dapat
dipertanggung jawabkan
7. Perencanaan pengembangan pariwisata yang
terpadu dan berkelanjutan
8. Pengalaman yang tidak terlupakan di daerah
tujuan wisata yang eksotik
9. Pendidikan lingkungan, kepedulian dan
tanggapan terhadap sumber daya
10. Pelibatan masyarakat lokal
Sustainable Tourism Development
There
must be a balance between
“a degree or type of
development that
will bring
economic and other benefits to
a community and the point at which
that development starts to feed on
rather than sustain the very elements at
its basis.”
(Cronin, 1990)
4
Criteria for
Sustainable Development
Follow ethical principles
Involve the local population
Give the local population an
element of control
Be undertaken with equity in mind
(Cronin, 1990)
5
Operationalizing
Sustainable Tourism Development
1. Define goals of STD for a destination.
2. Establish appropriate planning and management
framework.
3. Select relevant indicators from a candidate list
of
environmental, economic, and socio-cultural criteria.
4. Measure and monitor these indicators.
5. Periodically analyze and assess
indicator performance.
6. Determine whether original goals
are being achieved.
Source:
7. Implement remedial action if necessary.
Weaver &
Lawton, 1999
6
Candidate Sustainable Tourism Indicators
Environmental
◦ Destruction or alteration of natural habitat by tourism construction
◦ Amount of litter associated with tourism activities
◦ Resource consumption associated with tourism
Economic
◦ Revenues earned directly from tourism
◦ Proportion of destination employment associated with tourism
◦ Profitability of individual operations
Socio-Cultural
◦ Number of resident complaints against tourism
◦ Amount of crime directed against tourists
◦ Number and condition of heritage structures and sites
◦ Integrity of the local culture
7
Sustainability
An “Ideal” Balance of Capacities
in Three Systems
Economic
Environmental
Socio-Cultural
8
Sustainability
An “Ideal” Balance of Capacities
in Three Systems
Maximize Goal Achievement
across the three systems
at one and the same
time through an Adaptive
Process of Trade-Offs.
The more the three systems
and goals converge,
the more sustainable
development becomes.
Economic
Environmental
Socio-Cultural
9
Sustainability—The
Reality
Environmental
Economic
Socio-Cultural
Political-Legal System
10
Sustainability—The
Reality
Economic
Environmental
Socio-Cultural
Political-Legal System
11
Sustainability—The
Reality
Environmental
Economic
Socio-Cultural
Political-Legal System
12
Sustainability—The
Reality
Not possible to maximize all goals at the
same time through an adaptive process
of trade-offs.
Conflict almost always exists between and
among inter- and intra-system goals.
As a result of values, choices are made
as to which goals are more valuable
and
which should receive higher
priority.
As a result, different development strategies
assign different priorities to the systems
and their goals.
13
Sustainability—The Reality
Concept of sustainable development provokes
groups at different levels to
set a wide
spectrum of goals and then
to
reconcile them.
“It is this reconciliation or trade-offs implicit in
sustainable development that has inspired
much useful work since the early 1980s…
[amounting] to a new renaissance in thinking in
social welfare and development issues.”
Sandbrook, 1992)
(Holmberg &
14
There is No “Shortcut
to Sustainability!”
Patterns of sustainable development must be
built from the bottom up, showing what can be
achieved at local levels and then working to
disseminate positive experiences. (Holmberg &
Sandbrook, 1992)
“Increased emphasis is being placed on those
forms of tourism that are particularly sensitive to
promoting and retaining the integrity of natural
and socio-cultural environments.” (Swinnerton &
Hinch, 1994)
15