S KIM 1005321 Table Of Conten
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PERNYATAAN ....................................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. ii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ iii
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................ iv
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ..................................................................................v
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...........................................................................................x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................1
1.1 ........................................................................................................... L
atar Belakang .................................................................................................1
1.2 ........................................................................................................... R
umusan Masalah Penelitian ...........................................................................3
1.3 ........................................................................................................... B
atasan Penelitian ............................................................................................3
1.4 ........................................................................................................... T
ujuan Penelitian .............................................................................................4
1.5 ........................................................................................................... M
anfaat Penelitian ............................................................................................4
1.6 ........................................................................................................... S
truktur Organisasi Skripsi..............................................................................4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.............................................................................6
2.1 Biomassa Kulit Durian .................................................................................6
2.2 Metode Pretreatment Biomassa Lignoselulosa ...........................................8
2.3 5-Hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF) ...................................................................9
2.4 Larutan ZnCl2..............................................................................................10
E. Herlina, 2014
Konversi Biomassa Limbah Kulit Durian (Durio Zibhetinus Murray) Menjadi 5Hidroksimetilfurfural Dalam Larutan Zncl2 Menggunakan Katalis Crcl3
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.5 Konversi Biomassa menjadi HMF ..............................................................12
2.6 Metode Pemisahan HMF ............................................................................13
2.6.1 Teori Ekstraksi Pelarut ......................................................................14
2.6.2 Efek Salting-Out ...............................................................................14
2.6.3 Ekstraksi Pelarut pada HMF .............................................................14
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .......................................................................15
3.1 Waktu dan Lokasi Penelitian ......................................................................15
3.2 Alat dan Bahan ............................................................................................15
3.2.1 Alat ....................................................................................................15
3.2.2 Bahan ................................................................................................15
3.2.3 Instrumen Analisis ............................................................................16
3.3 Metode Penelitian .......................................................................................16
3.3.1 Delignifikasi Kulit Durian ................................................................17
3.3.2 Konversi Selulosa dari Kulit Durian menjadi HMF .........................19
3.3.3 Pemisahan Produk HMF dari Pelarut ...............................................20
3.3.3.1 Uji Coba Metode Pemisahan pada HMF Standar.................20
3.3.3.2 Penerapan Metode Pemisahan pada HMF Hasil Reaksi ......21
3.4 Metode Analisis .........................................................................................22
3.4.1 Analisis FTIR ....................................................................................22
3.4.2 Analisis HPLC ..................................................................................22
3.4.3 Analisis AAS ....................................................................................22
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ..............................................................24
4.1 Hasil ............................................................................................................24
4.1.1 Hasil Delignifikasi Kulit Durian .......................................................24
4.1.1.1 Penampakan Fisik .................................................................24
4.1.1.2 Hasil Analisis FTIR ..............................................................26
4.1.2 Konversi Selulosa dari Kulit Durian menjadi HMF .........................29
4.1.2.1 ...................................................................................... A
nalisis Hasil Reaksi...............................................................29
4.1.2.2 Pengaruh Proses Delignifikasi dan Penambahan Katalis .....31
4.1.3 Pemisahan Produk HMF ...................................................................32
4.1.3.1 Uji Coba Metode Pemisahan pada HMF Standar.................32
4.1.3.2 Penerapan Metode Pemisahan pada HMF Hasil Reaksi ......34
4.2 Pembahasan .................................................................................................36
4.2.1 Delignifikasi Kulit Durian ................................................................36
E. Herlina, 2014
Konversi Biomassa Limbah Kulit Durian (Durio Zibhetinus Murray) Menjadi 5Hidroksimetilfurfural Dalam Larutan Zncl2 Menggunakan Katalis Crcl3
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.2.2 Konversi Biomassa Kulit Durian menjadi HMF ..............................37
4.2.3 Pemisahan Produk HMF ...................................................................39
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .................................................................42
5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................................42
5.2 Saran ...........................................................................................................42
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................43
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................46
RIWAYAT HIDUP
E. Herlina, 2014
Konversi Biomassa Limbah Kulit Durian (Durio Zibhetinus Murray) Menjadi 5Hidroksimetilfurfural Dalam Larutan Zncl2 Menggunakan Katalis Crcl3
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PERNYATAAN ....................................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. ii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ iii
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................ iv
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ..................................................................................v
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...........................................................................................x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................1
1.1 ........................................................................................................... L
atar Belakang .................................................................................................1
1.2 ........................................................................................................... R
umusan Masalah Penelitian ...........................................................................3
1.3 ........................................................................................................... B
atasan Penelitian ............................................................................................3
1.4 ........................................................................................................... T
ujuan Penelitian .............................................................................................4
1.5 ........................................................................................................... M
anfaat Penelitian ............................................................................................4
1.6 ........................................................................................................... S
truktur Organisasi Skripsi..............................................................................4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.............................................................................6
2.1 Biomassa Kulit Durian .................................................................................6
2.2 Metode Pretreatment Biomassa Lignoselulosa ...........................................8
2.3 5-Hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF) ...................................................................9
2.4 Larutan ZnCl2..............................................................................................10
E. Herlina, 2014
Konversi Biomassa Limbah Kulit Durian (Durio Zibhetinus Murray) Menjadi 5Hidroksimetilfurfural Dalam Larutan Zncl2 Menggunakan Katalis Crcl3
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.5 Konversi Biomassa menjadi HMF ..............................................................12
2.6 Metode Pemisahan HMF ............................................................................13
2.6.1 Teori Ekstraksi Pelarut ......................................................................14
2.6.2 Efek Salting-Out ...............................................................................14
2.6.3 Ekstraksi Pelarut pada HMF .............................................................14
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .......................................................................15
3.1 Waktu dan Lokasi Penelitian ......................................................................15
3.2 Alat dan Bahan ............................................................................................15
3.2.1 Alat ....................................................................................................15
3.2.2 Bahan ................................................................................................15
3.2.3 Instrumen Analisis ............................................................................16
3.3 Metode Penelitian .......................................................................................16
3.3.1 Delignifikasi Kulit Durian ................................................................17
3.3.2 Konversi Selulosa dari Kulit Durian menjadi HMF .........................19
3.3.3 Pemisahan Produk HMF dari Pelarut ...............................................20
3.3.3.1 Uji Coba Metode Pemisahan pada HMF Standar.................20
3.3.3.2 Penerapan Metode Pemisahan pada HMF Hasil Reaksi ......21
3.4 Metode Analisis .........................................................................................22
3.4.1 Analisis FTIR ....................................................................................22
3.4.2 Analisis HPLC ..................................................................................22
3.4.3 Analisis AAS ....................................................................................22
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ..............................................................24
4.1 Hasil ............................................................................................................24
4.1.1 Hasil Delignifikasi Kulit Durian .......................................................24
4.1.1.1 Penampakan Fisik .................................................................24
4.1.1.2 Hasil Analisis FTIR ..............................................................26
4.1.2 Konversi Selulosa dari Kulit Durian menjadi HMF .........................29
4.1.2.1 ...................................................................................... A
nalisis Hasil Reaksi...............................................................29
4.1.2.2 Pengaruh Proses Delignifikasi dan Penambahan Katalis .....31
4.1.3 Pemisahan Produk HMF ...................................................................32
4.1.3.1 Uji Coba Metode Pemisahan pada HMF Standar.................32
4.1.3.2 Penerapan Metode Pemisahan pada HMF Hasil Reaksi ......34
4.2 Pembahasan .................................................................................................36
4.2.1 Delignifikasi Kulit Durian ................................................................36
E. Herlina, 2014
Konversi Biomassa Limbah Kulit Durian (Durio Zibhetinus Murray) Menjadi 5Hidroksimetilfurfural Dalam Larutan Zncl2 Menggunakan Katalis Crcl3
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.2.2 Konversi Biomassa Kulit Durian menjadi HMF ..............................37
4.2.3 Pemisahan Produk HMF ...................................................................39
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .................................................................42
5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................................42
5.2 Saran ...........................................................................................................42
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................43
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................46
RIWAYAT HIDUP
E. Herlina, 2014
Konversi Biomassa Limbah Kulit Durian (Durio Zibhetinus Murray) Menjadi 5Hidroksimetilfurfural Dalam Larutan Zncl2 Menggunakan Katalis Crcl3
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu