ENGLISH CLITICS ANALYSIS IN SHERLOCK HOLMES NOVEL BY SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE THESIS Presented to the English Education Study Program of State Islamic Institute Palangka Raya in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan(S.

ENGLISH CLITICS ANALYSIS IN SHERLOCK HOLMES NOVEL BY
SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE

THESIS
Presented to the English Education Study Program of State Islamic Institute
Palangka Raya in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Sarjana Pendidikan(S.Pd)

By:
NINA NOVIANA
Srn.1201120820

STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE OF PALANGKA RAYA
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM
1438 H / 2016 M

PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI

Judul Skripsi

: English Clitics Analysis in Sherlock Holmes
Novel By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Nama

: Nina Noviana

NIM

: 1201120820

Fakultas

: Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan

Jurusan

: Pendidikan Bahasa

ProgramStudi

: Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris

Jenjang

: S-1

Palangka Raya, 10 November 2016
Menyetujui,

PENGESAHAN
Skripsi yang berjudul ENGLISH CLITICS ANALYSIS OF SHERLOCK
HOLMES NOVEL BY SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE oleh NINA
NOVIANA, and NIM 1201120820 telah diujikan oleh Tim Penguji Program
Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Departemen Pendidikan Bahasa Fakultas
Tarbiyah dan Ilmu keguruan Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Palangkaraya
pada :
Hari

: Kamis

Tanggal

: 10 November 2016
Palangka Raya, 10 November 2016
Tim Penguji :

1. M. Zaini Miftah, M.Pd
Ketua sidang/ Penguji
2.

Dr. Imam Qalyubi, M.Hum
Anggota

3.

Siminto, M.Hum
Anggota

4.

Sabarun, M.Pd
Sekretaris / Anggota

Dekan Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu
Keguruan IAIN Palangka Raya,

Drs. Fahmi, M.Pd
NIP. 19610520 199903 1 003

OFFICIAL NOTE
Palangka Raya, November 10th 2016
Case : Examination of
Nina Noviana’s thesis

To.
The Dean of Faculty of Teacher
Training and Education of State
Islamic Institute of Palangkaraya
In

Palangka Raya
Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh,
By reading and analyzing of this thesis we think that thesis in the name of :
Name
SRN
Title of Thesis

: Nina Noviana
: 1201120820
: English Clitics Analysis in Sherlock Holmes
Novel By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Can be examined in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of Sarjana Pendidikan in the Study Program of English Education of Language
Education Department of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of the
State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya.
Thank you for your attention.
Wassalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh

NOTA DINAS

Palangka Raya, 10 November 2016
Hal : Permohonan Ujian Skripsi
Saudari Nina Noviana

Kepada
Yth. Dekan Fakultas
Tarbiyah dan Ilmu
Pendidikan Institut Agama
Islam Palangka Raya
Di
Palangka Raya
Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh,
Setelah membaca danmenganalisa skripsi ini, kami menyatakan bahwa:

Nama
NIM
JudulSkripsi

: Nina Noviana
: 1201120820

: English Clitics Analysis in Sherlock Holmes Novel
By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Dapat diujikan untuk mendapat gelar Sarjana Pendidikan pada program
studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa, Fakultas Tarbiyah
dan Ilmu Pendidikan , Institut Agama Islam Palangka Raya
Terima kasih atas perhatian Bapak/Ibu.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh

DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICATION

In the name of God,
I myself make declaration that this thesis entitled “CLITICS ANALYSIS OF
NOVEL SHERLOCK HOLMES BY SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE” is
truly my own writing. If it is not my own writing so, it is given a citation
and shown in the list references.
If my own declaration is not right in this thesis in one day so, I am ready to
be given academic sanction namely, the cancellation of the degree of this thesis.

Palangka Raya,

2016

My Own Declaration

NINA NOVIANA
1201120820

CLITICS ANALYSIS OF NOVEL SHERLOCK HOLMES BY SIR
ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE

ABSTRACT
Clitics are a challenge for any view of the architecture of grammar because
they straddle the boundaries between words and morphemes and between syntax
and morphology. The study is clitics analysis of novel Sherlock Holmes.
The purpose of this study was to knew the type and function of clitics in
His Last Bow of Sherlock Holmes novel. This study has significance for the
students, especially for the English Department, for giving the significant
difference of clitics. And This result of this study there won‟t be any confusion to
differenciate clitics and non-clitics.

The research type was qualitative research. In qualitative research, the
research collected and analyzes data simultanous to draw a temporary conclusion
and repeats the cycles several time, decided what data needs to be colect again to
verify their temporary conclusion. The researcher collected the data in His Last
Bow of Sherlock Holmes novel.
The result of the study shows there are two type of clitics, they are (1)
Proclitic and (2) Enclitic. There are proclitic for the word : “The” and enclitic for
the word : “Doesn’t, don’t, didn’t. And two function of clitics, they are (1) verbal
function and (2) other function. There are verbal function : “You’ll, Wilson’s,
I’ve.” And other function : “and, or, but”
Keyword: Clitics, Morphology, Analysis, Sherlock Holmes.

ANALISIS KLITIK PADA NOVEL SHERLOCK HOLMES OLEH SIR
ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE

ABSTRAK
Clitics merupakan tantangan bagi setiap pandangan arsitektur tata
bahasa karena mereka merambah batas-batas antara kata-kata dan morfem dan
antara sintaksis dan morfologi. Penelitian ini yaitu analisis klitik dalam bahasa
Inggris pada novel His Last Bow dari Sherlock Holmes oleh Sir Arthur Conan

Doyle.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan fungsi
clitics pada novel His Last Bow dari Sherlock Holmes oleh Sir Arhur Conan
Doyle. Penelitian ini memiliki arti penting bagi para siswa, terutama untuk
Departemen Bahasa Inggris, untuk memberikan perbedaan yang signifikan dari
clitics. Dan Hasil ini penelitian ini tidak akan ada kebingungan untuk clitics
membedakan dan non-clitics.
Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kualitatif. Dalam penelitian kualitatif,
penelitian dikumpulkan dan analisis data untuk mengambil kesimpulan sementara
dan mengulangi siklus beberapa waktu, memutuskan apa data perlu kumpulkan
lagi untuk memverifikasi kesimpulan tersebut. Peneliti mengumpulkan data di
novel His Last Bow dari Sherlock Holmes oleh Sir Arhur Conan Doyle
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada dua jenis clitics, diantaranya (1)
proklitika dan (2) enklitika. Ada proklitika yaitu kata: "The" dan enklitika yaitu
kata: "Doesn‟t, don‟t, didn‟t. Dan dua fungsi clitics, diantaranya (1) fungsi verbal
dan (2) fungsi lainnya. Ada fungsi verbal: “You’ll, Wilson’s, I’ve.” Dan fungsi
lainnya: “and, or, but”
Kata Kunci: Klitik, Morpologi, Analisis, Sherlock Holmes.

Motto

" Sin is anything that disquieting
feeling and that you do not like it when
other people see .
( Narrated by Muslim ) "

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Alhamdulillah and praise belong to Allah the Almighty, because of
His Blessing and Mercy, the writer is able to accomplish this thesis entitled:
CLITICS ANALYSIS OF NOVEL SHERLOCK HOLMES BY SIR
ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE. This thesis is written to fulfill one of the
requirements to get title of Sarjana Pendidikan (S.Pd) in the English Program, the
Department of Language Education, the State Islamic Institute of Palangka
Raya. Many people have contributed guidance, suggestion, and support to
improve the researcher‟s thesis, therefore the researcher would like to express
her greatest gratitude to:
1. Dr. Ibnu Elmi A.S.Pelu, S.H., M.H., the Director of the State Islamic
Institute of Palangka Raya (IAIN), for his direction and encouragement.
2. Drs. Fahmi, M.Pd, the Dean of the State Islamic Institute of Palangka
Raya (IAIN), for his direction and encouragement.
3. Dra.Hj. Rodhatul Jennah, M.Pd, The Vice Dean 1 of Faculty of State
Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya, for her agreement so that the writer
can complete the requirements of writing this thesis.
4. Santi Erliana, M.Pd., The Chair of Department of Language Education,
for her agreement so that the writer can complete the requirements of
writing this thesis.
5. M. Zaini Miftah, M.Pd, The chief of the English Education Study
Program, for his permission so that the writer can complete the
requirements of writing this thesis.
6. Siminto, M.Hum as the first advisor, for his exciting guidance, suggestion,
and incredible motivation inside „myself‟ during composing this thesis.
7. Hesty Widiastuty, M.Pd, as the second advisor, for her incredible tutoring
for my thesis, support and set up my dream out.
8. All English lecturers of IAIN of Palangkaraya.

The last is special thanks to all of her friends in TBI 2012 for their support
and being crazy and amazing family along finished this thesis. The writer realizes
this thesis is not perfect enough; therefore, some constructive critical and
suggestion are hopefully welcomed. She hopes that may Allah always keeps us
on the straight path, rewards, and blesses us for what we do and this writing can
be useful broadly.

Palangka Raya,
The Writer

NINA NOVIANA
NIM.1201120820

Dedication
This thesis dedicated to some special people for me:
 My beloved parents and my big family, my father Syamsiar
Rusmi Sali,S.Pd and my mother Liyon Nita, thanks for your
love, praying, motivations, and material in finishing the
study. You are my processing control to break out the spirit
and my dream.
 My beloved brother, Qory Lukmana and my sister Adillia
Medina.
 My lovely husband Nurul Mustafa, who gives me sincerely
love, spirit, motivation and pray.
 My beloved friendship Hidayati, Noor Azizah Apriyani, Haji
Abdul Karim, Ayu Kumala Sari, Aniza Tri Jayanti, Anisa
Wardani, Rusidayati, and Fika Ayu Sudani who are behind
me, support me, give me spirit and rainbow color in my
life.
 All my beloved friends of IAIN Students 2012 and English
Big Family 2012 thanks for your togetherness, help and
support.

TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER PAGE ..............................................................................................................

i

APPROVAL OF THE THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTEE .......................................

ii

OFFICIAL NOTE ..........................................................................................................

v

LEGALIZATION OF THESIS EXAMINING COMMITTEE .....................................

vi

DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICATION .................................................................

vii

ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................

viii

MOTTO..........................................................................................................................

x

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...........................................................................................

xi

DEDICATION ...............................................................................................................

xiii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...............................................................................................

xv

LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................................

xix

CHAPTER I

CHAPTER II

INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .................................................................

1

B. Research Problem ...........................................................................

4

C. Objective of the Study .....................................................................

4

D. Significant of the Study ...................................................................

4

E. Limitation ........................................................................................

5

F. Definition of KeyTerm ....................................................................

5

G. Frame of Discussion ........................................................................

7

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A. Previous Study .................................................................................

9

B. Nature of Clitics .............................................................................. 11

C. Type of Clitics ................................................................................. 13
D. Function of Clitics ........................................................................... 14
a. Verbal Function .......................................................................... 15
b. Clausal Properties ....................................................................... 17
c. Nominal Function ....................................................................... 17
d. Argument Function ..................................................................... 18
e. Other Function ............................................................................ 19
f. Discourse Function ..................................................................... 17
E. Example of Clitics in Novel ............................................................ 23
1. Nature of Reading Text .............................................................. 13
2. Criteria of Good Reading Text ................................................... 14
F. Frame of Thinking ........................................................................... 26
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Research Type ................................................................................. 27
B. Research Design .............................................................................. 28
C. Source of The Data .......................................................................... 29
D. Data Collecting Procedures ............................................................. 30
E. Data Analysis................................................................................... 31
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A. The Type of Clitics in Sherlock Holmes Novel .............................. 32
B. Function of Clitics in Sherlock Holmes Novel................................ 47
C. DISCUSSION.................................................................................. 58
CHAPTER IV CLOSING

A. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 61
B. Suggestion ....................................................................................... 62
REFERENCES
APPENDICES

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix
1.

: Synopsis of Sherlock Holmes novel (His Last Bow)

2.

: The table of sentences Sherlock Holmes novel

3.

: Letter

REFERENCES

Cambrige Dictionaries, URL, acces on October 20
Oxford Dictionaries http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/analysis,
acessed on April 14
Donald Ary, et,all. Introduction to Research in Education.(Eighth edition).United
States: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. 2014
Anderson, Stephen R.. Aspects of the theory of clitics.
https://global.oup.com/academic/.../aspects-of-the-theory-of-clitics9780199279906, accesed on April 26th 2015
Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitic#cite_note-crystal-2 accesed on
12th April 2016
Caink, Andrew D. “Clitics”. Encyclopedia of language and linguistics, 2nd
edition, volume 2, ed. by Keith Brown, 491–495.
https://ancienthebrewgrammar.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/holmstedt_cliti
cshebrew_ehll2013.pdf, accesed on November 3rd 2015
Lexy J. Moleong, Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif, 2011.
Andrew Spencer , Ana R. Lu‟s.Clitics An Introduction. Cambridge University
Press. 2012 https://books.google.co.uk/books?isbn=0521682924, accesed on
November 22nd 2015
Stake, R. E. “Qualitative case studies.” In Denzin, Norman K. & Lincoln,
Yvonna S. eds. The sage handbook of qualitative research. 3rd ed. Thousand
Oaks, CA: SAGE. pgs. 443-466. 2005

Mohammad Adnan Latief. Research methods on languange learning an
introuction, Malang:IKIP Malang. 2014.
Thomas, G. "sonia is typing..... A typology for the case study in social science
following a review of definition, discourse and structure". Qualitative
Inquiry 17 (6): 511–521. doi:10.1177/1077800411409884. 2011.
Sugiono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R and D, Bandung:
ALFABETA, 2009.
Anderson, Stephen R. Wackernagel‟s Revenge: Clitics, Morphology and the
Syntax of second Position, 1993.
https://books.google.co.uk/books?isbn=9027233764, accesed on November
22nd 2015
Zwicky, Arnold M., and Geoffrey K. Pullum. “Cliticization vs. inflection: English
N’T”. Language 59:502–513. 1983.
https://books.google.co.uk/books?isbn=1139428721, accesed on November
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Crystal,David. A First Dictionary of Lingguistics and Phonetics. Boulder,
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Denzin, Norman K. and Lincoln, Yvonne S. (2ed ed.). Handbook of Qualitative
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CURRICULUM VITAE

Nina Noviana is the first daughter of
Mr.Syamsiar

Rusmi

Sali,

S.Pd

and

Mrs.Liyon Nita. She is the oldest child in
her family. She was born on August 14,
1994 in Kotawaringin Lama, Kotawaringin
Barat, Central Kalimantan. She has one
sister and one brother
She started her study at SDN Mendawai 2 and graduated on 2006.
Shecontinued her study at MTSN Sukamara and graduated on 2009. Then
he done his Senior High School, in science program, at MAN Sukamara in
2012.
In 2012, actually she wanted to continue her study in mathematic
major. But, she canceled it and decided to learn English. So she has
choosen Tadris Bahasa Inggris (TBI) and accepted IAIN Palangka Raya
as the next place. Finally, he can finish his study in 9 semester at 2016.