Penulisan Makalah Ilmiah

P enul
isanM ak
al
ahIl
miah

DwiH .
W idy
antoro
S ek
ol
ahTek
nikEl
ek
tro&Informatik
a
Institut Tek
nol
ogiB andung

Kul

iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

1

P anduanU mumP enul
isan
• P enggunaanb ahasay
ang b aik
.
• P enggunaank
al
imat y
ang singk
at,padat dan
j
el
as.
• A dany
aal

ur pik
irany
ang runut antar k
al
imat
danantar b agiandal
am mak
al
ah(
k
oherensi)
• M ak
al
ahmemil
ik
ik
ontrib usiil
miahy
ang
dik

l
aim secaraek
spl
isit,disertaidenganb uk
ti
y
ang cuk
upmey
ak
ink
an.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

2

S truk
tur M ak
al

ahIl
miah
• Titl
e
• L ist ofauthors
• Introduction
• Rel
ated W ork
• B odyofthe paper
• C oncl
usionand Future W ork
• A ck
nowl
edgement
• L ist ofReferences
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

3

Titl
e
• S esingk
at mungk
in,tanpasingk
atanatau
ak
ronim(
k
ecual
isudahdik
enalumum)

• B uat sespesifiky
ang diperl
uk
an.
– L earning C oncept Drift (
k

urang spesifik
)
– Rel
ev
an
t Data Ex
pansionfor L earning C oncept
Drift fromSparsel
yL ab el
ed Data(
l
eb ihspesifik
untukmenggamb ark
anisimak
al
ah)

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

4

Titl
e(
2
)
• Gunak
anfrasa y
ang k
emungk
inanb esar ak
an
dipak
aidal
am pencariantopikmak
al
ah

– Rel

ev
an
t Data Ex
pansionfor L earning C oncept
Drift fromSparsel
yL ab eled Data

– L earning U ser InterestDy
namics witha ThreeDescriptor Represen
tation

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

5

Titl
e(
3

)
• Gunak
anfrasay
ang menggamb ark
an
distinctiv
e features darimak
al
ah
– Relev
ant Data Ex
pansionfor L earning C oncept
Drift fromSparsel
yL ab el
ed Data
– L earning U ser Interest Dy
namics witha ThreeDescriptor Representations

• H indarifrasay
ang terl

al
uumum (
misal
,nov
el
)
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

6

A uthor
• P enul
is adal
ahindiv
iduy
ang:
– B erk
ontrib usisecarasignifik

andal
am penel
itian
y
ang ditul
is dimak
al
ah
– B erk
ontrib usidal
am memb uat draft,merev
iew
dan/
ataumerev
isisub stansimak
al
ah(
b uk
an
spel
l
/
grammar check
ing,ty
pesetting)
– M emb erik
anpersetuj
uanv
ersifinalmak
al
ah,
termasukdaftar referensiny
a

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

7

A uthor (
2)
• U rutanpenul
isanauthor (
j
ik
al
eb ihdarisatu)
sangat b ergantung pada:
– Kontrib usidal
ampemb uatanmak
al
ah
– Kontek
s b uday
a(
k
eb iasaanl
ok
al
)

• P adaumumny
atidakmencantumk
angel
ar

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

8

A uthor (
3)
• Daftar penul
is b iasan
y
adisertaidengan
informasik
ontaky
ang terdiridarinamaafil
iasi
danemail(
b uk
anal
amat pos)

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

9

A uthor (
4)
• B eb erapaj
urnal
men
y
ediak
an
tempat untuk
b iografisingk
at dan
fotopara
penul
isn
y
a(
misal
,
IEEE Transactions)

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

10

A b stract
• U mumny
atidakl
eb ihdari2
00k
ata,ditul
is
dal
am satuparagraf
• Ditul
is untukmemotiv
asiorang agar memb aca
mak
al
ah
• B erisiringk
asanmak
al
ahdenganmemb erik
an
penek
ananpada:
– M asal
ahy
ang disel
esaik
an
– M etode y
ang dipak
ai
– H asilutamay
ang diperol
eh
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

11

C ontohA b strak
A b stract—Keeping trackofchanging interests is anatural
phenomenonas wel
las aninteresting track
ing prob l
em b ecause
interests canemerge and diminishat different time frames.
B eing ab l
e
todosowithafewfeedb ackex
ampl
es poses anev
enmore important
and chal
l
enging prob l
em b ecause ex
isting concept drift l
earning
al
gorithms that handl
e the taskty
pical
l
ysuffer from it.
This paper
presents anewcomputationalFrameworkfor Ex
tending Incompl
ete
L ab el
ed DataS tream(
FEIL DS)
,whichex
tends the capab il
ityofex
isting
al
gorithms for l
earning concept drift fromafewl
ab el
ed data.
The
sy
stem transforms the originalinput stream intoanewstream that can
b e conv
enientl
ytrack
ed b ythe ex
isting l
earning al
gorithms.
The
ex
periment resul
ts rev
ealthat FEIL DS cansignificantl
yimprov
e the
performances ofaM ul
tipl
e ThreeDescriptor Representation(
M TDR)
al
gorithm,Rocchioal
gorithm,and windowb ased concept drift
l
earning al
gorithms whenl
earning from asparsel
yl
ab el
ed datastream
withrespect totheir performances without using FEIL DS .

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

12

C ontohA b strak
M endesk
ripsik
anmasal
ahdanpentingny
auntuk
disel
esaik
an:
Keeping trackofchanging interests is a natural
phenomenonas wel
las aninteresting track
ing
probl
emb ecause interests canemerge and
diminishat differen
t time frames.
B eing ab l
e to
dosowitha fewfeedb ackex
ampl
es poses an
ev
enmore importan
tand chal
l
enging probl
em
b ecause ex
isting concept drift l
earning al
gorithms
that handl
e the taskty
pical
l
ysuffer fromit.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

13

C ontohA b strak
M endesk
ripsik
anpendek
atany
ang dil
ak
uk
anuntuk
meny
el
esaik
anmasal
ah:
This paperpresents a newcomputational
Frameworkfor Ex
tending Incompl
ete L ab el
ed
Data Stream(
FEIL DS )
,whichex
tends the
capab il
ityofex
isting al
gorithms for l
earning
concept drift froma fewl
ab el
ed data.
The sy
stem
transforms the originalinput streamintoa new
streamthat canb e conv
enientl
ytrack
ed b ythe
ex
isting l
earning al
gorithms.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

14

C ontohA b strak
M endesk
ripsik
anhasilutamay
ang diperol
eh:

The ex
periment resul
ts rev
ealthat FEIL DS can
significantl
yimprov
e the performances ofa
M ul
tipl
e ThreeDescriptor Representation(
M TDR)
al
gorithm,Rocchioal
gorithm,and windowb ased
concept drift l
earning al
gorithms whenl
earning
froma sparsel
yl
ab el
ed data streamwithrespect
totheir performances without using FEIL DS.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

15

A b stract (
2)
• M erupak
anb agianmak
al
ahy
ang dimasuk
k
an
k
e dal
am b asisdatal
iteratur:
– Gunak
anfrasay
ang ak
anb any
akdipak
aidal
am
pencarianl
iteratur (
sepertihal
ny
aj
udul
)

• M inimal
k
anpenggunaanreferensiatau
persamaan(
matematik
)didal
am ab strak

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

16

Introduction
• B agiandimanaorang inginmendapatk
an
sub stansiisimak
al
ahuntukmenentuk
an
apak
ahperl
uuntukmemb acal
eb ihl
anj
ut
atautidak
• Fok
usk
anpadamotiv
asidank
ontrib usi
mak
al
ah.

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

17

Introduction(
2
)
• Ny
atak
ank
ontek
s danareapenel
itiansecara
umum
• P erk
enal
k
anmasal
ahy
ang disel
esaik
an
– Yak
ink
anmengapamasal
ahterseb ut penting atau
menarikuntukdisel
esaik
an

• B erik
anoutl
ine pendek
atany
ang dipak
aiuntuk
meny
el
esaik
anmasal
ah
• B erik
anoutl
ine hasily
ang sudahdiperol
eh
• P adab agianak
hir,b erik
anov
erv
iewapay
ang
ak
andisampaik
andal
ammak
al
ah

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

18

Kontek
s dan
pentingny
a area
penel
itian

M emperk
enal
k
an
masal
ah
penel
itian

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

19

P endek
atany
ang
dil
ak
uk
anuntuk
meny
el
esaik
an
masal
ah

H asilutama
penel
itiany
ang
diperol
eh

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

20

Introduction(
3
)
•J
anganmengul
ang k
al
imat y
ang adadidal
am
ab strak(
atauj
angancutandpaste k
al
imat
dal
am tek
s untuk
memb uat ab strak
)
.
• H indaripenggunaank
al
imat/
frase y
ang
b ersifat k
l
ise

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

21

Outl
ine M ak
al
ah
• Ditul
is dib agianak
hir dariIn
troduction.
• P adab agianak
hir,b erik
anpenj
el
asansingk
at
isimak
al
ah b agianper b agian.

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

22

Rel
ated W ork
• Rel
ated workadal
ahpenel
itianseb el
umny
ay
ang
dil
ak
uk
anol
ehpenul
is ataupenel
itil
ainny
a
denganmasal
ah/
topiky
ang mirip.
• M erupak
anpengak
uanhasilpenel
itian
seb el
umny
asertamenegask
anorisinal
itas
mak
al
ah.
• P anj
ang sek
siinib ergantung padaruang y
ang
tersediasertarel
ev
ansiny
a,pastik
ansemua
l
iteratur y
ang rel
ev
andiruj
ukdandipapark
an
denganak
urat.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

23

Rel
ated W ork(
2)
• M engab aik
anuntukmeruj
ukl
iteratur y
ang
rel
ev
andapat meny
eb ab k
anhasilrev
iewy
ang
k
urang b aik
,b ahk
andapat men
y
eb ab k
an
mak
al
ahditol
ak
.
• S ek
siinidapat ditul
is :
– S eb agaib agaiandariintroduction
– S ek
sitersendirisetel
ahintroduction
– S ek
sitersendiriseb el
um k
esimpul
an.

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

24

Effectiv
e Rel
ated W ork
• M emb erik
anov
erv
iewhasilpenel
itian
seb el
umny
ay
ang rel
ev
an.
• S ecarak
ritis menel
aahk
el
eb ihan/
k
ek
urangan
pek
erj
aany
ang tel
ahdil
ak
uk
anol
ehpenel
itil
ain.
• M engidentifik
asiadany
agappengetahuanterk
ait
denganmasal
ahy
ang ditel
itidal
am mak
al
ah.
• M engidentik
asik
eb utuhanuntukmeny
el
esaik
an
masal
ahpenel
itian,b aiky
ang sek
arang maupun
k
e depanny
ananti.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

25

C ontohRel
ated W ork
Desk
ripsi
penel
itian
terk
ait

A nal
isis
k
el
eb ihan,
k
ek
urangan&
j
ustifik
asiny
a
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

26

C ontohRel
ated W ork
Desk
ripsi
penel
itian
terk
ait
Identifik
asi
k
el
emahan
Gap,
masal
ah
y
ang b el
um
terpecahk
an
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

27

C ontohRel
ated W ork
A nal
isis k
ek
urangan
hasilpenel
itian
seb el
umny
a

M enegask
an
perl
uny
apenel
itian
l
eb ihl
anj
ut
S ol
usiy
ang
ditawark
an
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

28

Tips P enul
isanRel
ated W ork
• Kel
ompok
k
ank
aj
ianpenel
itianseb el
umn
y
a
dal
am k
l
asterk
l
aster y
ang mudahdik
enal
i
– B erdasark
anmetode
– B erdasark
ank
el
as persoal
an,dl
sb

• H indaripenul
isanhal
haly
ang k
urang rel
ev
an
• H indaripol
emik
,penggunaanfrasapuj
ian,
ataumeny
al
ahk
anpihakl
ain(
gunak
anfak
ta
untukmeny
atak
ank
el
eb ihanatauk
ek
urangan
hasilpenel
itianorang l
ain)
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

29

B odyofthe P aper
• S angat b ergantung pada topikdanj
enis
penel
itian:
–
–
–
–
–
–

Theoreticalresearch
A ppl
ied research
A ctionresearch
C ase studies
S urv
ey
s
Ex
periments

• C araprak
tis:
l
ihat contohdarij
urnaly
ang
b ereputasiuntukk
ategoripenel
itiany
ang ak
an
andatul
is.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

30

TheoreticalResearch
• Definisidefinis Dasar
• Desk
ripsial
goritmab aruatauformal
isme
• S erangk
aianteoremay
ang disertaidengan
pemb uk
tian(
proof)
• P enj
el
asanapl
ik
asi/
k
onsek
uensidarihasil
penel
itian(
j
ik
amemungk
ink
an)

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

31

C omputer S ciences onA ppl
ied
Research
• A rsitek
tur S istem
• Desk
ripsiimpl
ementasi
• Ev
al
uasisistem dal
am men
y
el
esaik
anmasal
ah

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

32

DataEk
sperimen
• S eb utk
andarimanadatauntukek
sperimen
diperol
eh.
•J
ik
amemungk
ink
an,ak
anl
eb ihb aikj
ik
a
menggunak
andatay
ang dipak
aiseb agaistandar
ol
ehk
omunitas penel
iti.
•J
el
ask
anstatistikdataterseb ut,danb agaimana
datadipergunak
andal
am ek
speriment.
•J
el
ask
anpul
apreprocessing y
ang dil
ak
uk
an
terhadapdata(
j
ik
adil
ak
uk
an)
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

33

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

34

P rosedur Ek
sperimen
•J
el
ask
antuj
uanek
sperimen.
•J
el
ask
anprosedur n
y
adal
am b entuknarasi,
tetapij
ik
acuk
upk
ompl
ek
s dapat ditul
is dal
am
b entukal
goritma.
• Tul
is prosedurny
adengansangat j
el
as
sehinggaorang l
aindapat mengul
angi
l
angk
ahl
angk
ahny
adengantepat (
hasil
ek
sperimenreproducib l
e)
•J
el
ask
anpul
acaramenguk
ur k
inerj
asistem
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

35

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

36

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

37

Resul
ts
• M emapark
anhasilek
sperimenapaadany
a
• Gunak
antab eldan/
ataugrafikuntuk
memperj
el
as denganformat y
ang pal
ing
informatifuntukpemb aca.
• B erik
anpenj
el
asantemuanutamay
ang dapat
disimpul
k
andaritab el
/
grafik
.
• S emuatab el
/
grafik
/
gamb ar dib erinomor &
captions sertaharus diruj
ukminimalsek
al
idal
am
tek
s.
• S emuainformasidal
am tab el
/
grafik
/
gamb ar
harus terb acaj
el
as.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

38

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

39

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

40

DiscussionofResul
ts
• M enj
el
ask
anfenomena y
ang diperol
ehdari
hasilek
sperimen.

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

41

C oncl
usionand/
or Future W ork
• M erangk
um k
ontrib usimak
al
ah
• Rangk
umank
el
eb ihandank
ek
urangan
• Desk
ripsipenel
itianl
anj
utan(
future work
)

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

42

Rangk
uman
Kontrib usi

Kel
eb ihan&
Kek
urangan

Future W ork

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

43

A ck
nowl
edgements
• P emb eritahuantentang sponsor
• U capanterimak
asihpadak
ol
ega(
b uk
an
anggotapenel
iti)y
ang pernahdiaj
ak
b erdisk
usi,termasuky
ang memb antu
proofread mak
al
ah
• U capanterimak
asihk
epada(
anon
y
mous)
rev
iewers y
ang memb erik
ansaransarang
y
ang k
onstruk
tif
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

44

C ontohA ck
nowl
edgements

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

45

References
• Tul
is semuasumb er pub l
ik
asiy
ang diruj
uk
l
angsung (
atausemuadaftar referensiharus
diruj
ukminimalsek
al
idal
am tek
s)
.
• Ik
uticarapenul
isanreferensi dancara
meruj
uk
n
y
asesuaidenganaturandarij
urnal
y
ang dituj
u.
• Gunak
ansumb er referensidarij
urnaldan
k
onferensiy
ang b ereputasi,b aiky
ang b aru
maupuny
ang l
ama.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

46

Tips P enul
isanM ak
al
ahIl
miah
• Topdowndesign:
mul
aidarioutl
ine,
sel
anj
utn
y
aisidetil
ny
a.
• Insideout writing:
mul
aidari b odyofpaper,
sel
anj
utn
y
atul
is in
troduction,rel
ated work
,
concl
usions,danterak
hir ab strakdantitl
e.
• Tab le &Diagram:
perik
sak
eterb acaantab el
dandiagram .

Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

47

Tips P enul
isanM ak
al
ahIl
miah(
2)
• Dependencyanaly
sis:
perik
asaapak
ah
mak
al
ahsudahsel
fcontained danterpapar
secararunut.
• Factuality
:
pastik
ansemuay
ang din
y
atak
an
dal
am mak
al
ahadal
ahfak
tay
ang b enar.
• Interpretab ility
:
perik
sasetiapk
al
imat apak
ah
b isasal
ahinterpretasi(
b ermak
naganda)
,j
ik
a
y
aperb aik
i.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

48

Tips P enul
isanM ak
al
ahIl
miah(
3)
• Optimisation:
hil
angk
anb agianb agiany
ang
tidakperl
u(
k
urang rel
ev
an)
,j
ik
a
memungk
ink
anringk
as k
al
imat y
ang panj
ang
tanpamenghil
angk
anisipesanutamay
ang
ingindisampaik
an.
• Readib il
ity
:apak
ahisimak
al
ahdapat terb aca
denganb aik
? A pak
ahb agianb agianny
a
terhub ung satusamal
ainny
a(
k
oherensi)
.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

49

Ak
hir Kata
• P erik
samanusk
ripb erul
angul
ang untuk
memastik
antidakadak
esal
ahantatab ahasa,
carapenul
isan,al
ur pik
iran.
• M intab antuank
ol
egauntukmerev
iewmak
al
ah
sertamemastik
ank
eterb acaanny
a.
• L eb ihb aikmenginv
estaik
anwak
tuy
ang l
eb ih
l
amauntukmemastik
anmak
al
ahsudahtertul
is
denganb aikdaripadamengirimk
anmak
al
ahy
ang
masihmengandung k
esal
ahan(
ak
ib atny
ab isa
fatal
)
.
Kul
iahU mum:S cientific W riting and InternationalP ub l
ication

50