PRA RANCANGAN PABRIK PEMBUATAN 2-FENILETANOL DENGAN PROSES HIDROGENASI STIRENA OKSIDA DENGAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI 1.000 TONTAHUN

  PRA RANCANGAN PABRIK PEMBUATAN 2-FENILETANOL DENGAN PROSES HIDROGENASI STIRENA OKSIDA DENGAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI 1.000 TON/TAHUN TUGAS AKHIR Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Ujian Sarjana Teknik Kimia OLEH : EDWARD TANDY NIM : 080405031 DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK KIMIA FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA

MEDAN

  2013

  Puji dan syukur penulis ucapkan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa atas berkat dan rahmatNya penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir yang berjudul :

  

PRA RANCANGAN PABRIK PEMBUATAN 2-FENILETANOL DENGAN

PROSES HIDROGENASI STIRENA OKSIDA DENGAN KAPASITAS

  Tugas akhir ini disusun untuk melengkapi tugas-tugas dan merupakan salah satu syarat untuk mengikuti ujian sarjana pada Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara.

  Dalam menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini penulis banyak menerima bantuan, terima kasih kepada :

  1. Bapak Dr.Eng Ir. Irvan, M.Si. selaku ketua Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara.

  2. Ibu Dr. Ir. Fatimah, M.T. selaku sekretaris Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara.

  3. Ibu Ir. Renita Manurung, M.T. selaku koordinator tugas akhir Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara.

  4. Bapak Ir. Bambang Trisakti, M.T. selaku dosen pembimbing I dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini.

  5. Ibu Ir. Netti Herlina, M.T. selaku dosen pembimbing II dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini.

  6. Seluruh Dosen Pengajar serta pegawai Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara, yang telah memberikan ilmu dan membantu penulis selama menjalani studi

  7. Teristimewa untuk orang tua serta abang, dan adik penulis tercinta yang memberikan motivasi, kasih sayang, semangat, dan selalu setia mendoakan penulis.

  8. Ibu Dr. Ir. Iriany, M.Si selaku kepala Laboratorium Operasi Teknik Kimia serta rekan-rekan asisten Laboratorium Operasi Teknik Kimia untuk bantuan dan semangatnya.

  9. Sahabatku, Rinaldry Sirait, ST atas bantuannya yang sangat baik dalam penulisan tugas akhir ini.

  10. Sahabat-sahabat terbaik di Teknik Kimia, Eric, Michael, Erika, Ismail, Nianto, Lilies, Eka, Frendis, Rudi, Naji, Anggi, Hendry, Dedy, Martha, Loisa, Irza, Irma, Hari, Indri, dan kawan-kawan stambuk 2008 yang memberikan banyak dukungan dan semangat kepada penulis.

  11. Adik – adik junior kesayangan, khususnya Rio Fransen Aruan, Melina Widyawati, dan Castiqliana untuk bantuan dan semangat yang diberikan.

  12. Seluruh pihak yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu per satu namanya yang juga turut memberikan bantuan kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini.

  Penulis menyadari bahwa Tugas Akhir ini masih terdapat banyak saran dan masukkan yang sifatnya membangun demi kesempurnaan pada penulisan berikutnya. Semoga laporan ini dapat bermanfaat bagi kita semua.

  Medan, Januari 2013 Penulis,

  (Edward Tandy) Pabrik 2-Feniletanol ini direncanakan akan berproduksi dengan kapasitas 1.000 ton/tahun (138,8889 kg/jam) dan beroperasi selama 300 hari dalam setahun. Pabrik ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi ketergantungan Indonesia terhadap produk impor dan ditargetkan dapat mengekspor 2-Feniletanol.

  Lokasi pabrik yang direncanakan adalah Kawasan Medan Labuhan dekat

  2 Sungai Deli, Sumatera Utara dengan luas tanah yang dibutuhkan sebesar 11.000 m .

  Tenaga kerja yang dibutuhkan untuk mengoperasikan pabrik sebanyak 108 orang. Bentuk badan usaha yang direncanakan adalah Perseroan Terbatas (PT) dan bentuk organisasinya adalah organisasi garis dan staf.

  Hasil analisa terhadap aspek ekonomi pabrik 2-Feniletanol adalah :

   Total Modal Investasi : Rp. 561.077.118.789,-  Total Biaya Produksi : Rp. 1.391.720.298.607,-  Hasil Penjualan : Rp.1.590.778.001.949,-  Laba Bersih : Rp. 138.661.190.377,-

  (PM) : 12,4507 %

   Profit Margin  Break Even Point (BEP) : 45,2973 %  Return on Investment (ROI) : 24,7134 %

  (POT) : 4,0464 tahun

   Pay Out Time  Return on Network (RON) : 41,189 %  Internal Rate of Return (IRR) : 31,8123%

  Dari hasil analisa aspek ekonomi, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pabrik pembuatan 2-Feniletanol ini layak untuk didirikan.

DAFTAR ISI

  Halaman KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................................. i

  INTISARI .................................................................................................................. iii DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................... iv DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................................x DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................... xi

  BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................... I-1

  1.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................... I-1

  1.2 Perumusan Masalah ........................................................................... I-2

  1.3 Tujuan Rancangan .............................................................................. I-2

  1.4 Manfaat Rancangan ............................................................................ I-2

  BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .........................................................................II-1 2.1 2-Feniletanol .....................................................................................II-1

  2.2 Proses Pembuatan .............................................................................II-1

  2.2.1 Hidrogenasi Stirena Oksida .....................................................II-1

  2.2.2 Friedel-Crafts ...........................................................................II-2

  2.2.3 Grignard Sintesis ......................................................................II-2

  2.2.4 Reduksi Stirena Oksida ............................................................II-2

  2.2.5 Raney Nickel ............................................................................II-3

  2.3 Sifat

• – Sifat Bahan Baku dan Produk................................................II-3

  2.3.1 Sifat

• – Sifat Bahan Baku ..........................................................II-3

  2.3.2 Sifat

• – Sifat Produk ..................................................................II-4

  2.4 Deskripsi Proses ................................................................................II-5

  BAB III NERACA MASSA ............................................................................... III-1

  3.1 Mixer Liquid Feed (M-101) ............................................................ III-1

  3.2 Mixer Hydrogenation Feed (M-103) .............................................. III-1

  3.3 Fixed Bed Reactor (R-101) ............................................................. III-2

  3.4 Knock Out Drum (FG-201) ............................................................. III-2

  3.5 Mixing Point Hidrogen (M-102) ..................................................... III-2

  3.6 Mixer Metanol (M-104) .................................................................. III-3

  3.7 Destilasi .......................................................................................... III-3

  3.7.1 Tray Distillation Tower (TD-201) ......................................... III-3

  3.7.2 Kondensor (E-202) ................................................................. III-3

  3.7.3 Reboiler (E-203) .................................................................... III-4

  BAB IV NERACA ENERGI............................................................................... IV-1

  4.1 Heater (E-101) ................................................................................. IV-1

  4.2 Heater (E-102) ................................................................................. IV-1

  4.3 Fixed Bed Reaktor (R-101) ............................................................. IV-1

  4.4 Heater (E-201)................................................................................. IV-2

  4.5 Kondensor (E-202) .......................................................................... IV-2

  4.6 Reboiler (E-203) ............................................................................. IV-2

  4.8 Cooler (E-205) ................................................................................ IV-2

  BAB V SPESIFIKASI PERALATAN................................................................ V-1

  5.1 Tangki Penyimpanan Hidrogen (H

  2 ) (TT-101) ................................ V-1

  5.2 Tangki Penyimpanan Metanol (CH OH) (TT-102) ......................... V-1

  3

  5.3 Tangki Penyimpanan Stirena Oksida (C

  8 H

  8 O) (TT-103) ............... V-2

  5.4 Tangki Penyimpanan 2-Feniletanol (C

  8 H

  10 O) (TT-201) ................ V-2

  5.5 Gudang Penyimpanan NaOH dan Katalis Pd/C 1% ....................... V-3

  5.6 Vertical Knockout Drum (FG-201) .................................................. V-3

  5.7 Mixer I (M-101)) .............................................................................. V-4

  5.8 Reaktor Hidrogenasi (R-101) ........................................................... V-5

  5.9 Tangki Akumulator (ACC-201) ....................................................... V-5

  5.10 Tray Distillation Tower (TD-201) ................................................. V-6

  5.11 Heater I (E-101) ............................................................................. V-7

  5.12 Heater II (E-102) ........................................................................... V-7

  5.13 Heater III (E-201) .......................................................................... V-7

  5.14 Cooler I (E-204) ............................................................................. V-8

  5.15 Cooler II (E-205) ........................................................................... V-8

  5.16 Kondensor (E-202) ......................................................................... V-8

  5.17 Reboiler (E-203) ............................................................................ V-9

  5.18 Pompa Metanol (J-101)) ............................................................... V-9

  5.19 Pompa Stirena Oksida (J-102) ...................................................... V-9

  5.20 Pompa Mixer I (J-103) ................................................................... V-9

  5.21 Pompa Knock Out Drum (J-201) ................................................ V-10

  5.22 Pompa Akumulator I (J-202) ...................................................... V-10

  5.23 Pompa Akumulator II (J-203) ..................................................... V-10

  5.24 Pompa Cooler II (J-204) ............................................................. V-11

  5.25 Pompa Kolom Destilasi (J-205))................................................. V-11

  5.26 Pompa Reboiler (J-206)) ............................................................. V-11

  5.27 Conveyor I (C-101) ...................................................................... V-12

  5.28 Expander I (JC-101)..................................................................... V-12

  5.29 Kompresor (JC-201) .................................................................... V-12

  6.1 Instrumentasi ................................................................................... VI-1

  6.2 Keselamatan Kerja .......................................................................... VI-6

  6.3 Keselamatan Kerja pada Pabrik Pembuatan 2-Feniletanol ............. VI-7

  6.3.1 Pencegahan terhadap Kebakaran dan Peledakan ................... VI-7

  6.3.2 Peralatan Perlindungan Diri ................................................... VI-8

  6.3.3 Keselamatan Kerja terhadap Listrik ....................................... VI-8

  6.3.4 Pencegahan terhadap Gangguan Kesehatan ........................... VI-9

  6.3.5 Pencegahan terhadap Bahaya Mekanis .................................. VI-9

  BAB VII UTILITAS ............................................................................................ VII-1

  7.1 Kebutuhan Uap (Steam) ................................................................. VII-1

  7.2 Kebutuhan Air ................................................................................ VII-2

  7.3 Kebutuhan Bahan Kimia .............................................................. VII-11

  7.4 Kebutuhan Listrik ........................................................................ VII-11

  7.5 Kebutuhan Bahan Bakar .............................................................. VII-13

  7.6 Unit Pengolahan Limbah ............................................................. VII-14

  7.7 Perhitungan untuk Sistem Pengolahan Limbah Cair ................... VII-15

  7.8 Spesifikasi Peralatan Utilitas ....................................................... VII-18

  7.8.1 Screening (SC) .................................................................... VII-18

  7.8.2 Pompa Screening (J-01) ...................................................... VII-18

  7.8.3 Water Reservoir (V-01) ...................................................... VII-19

  7.8.4 Pompa Water Reservoir (J-02) ............................................ VII-19

  7.8.5 Bak Sedimentasi (V-02) ...................................................... VII-19

  7.8.6 Pompa Bak Sedimentasi (J-03) ........................................... VII-20

  7.8.7 Tangki Pelarutan Alum (V-03) ........................................... VII-20

  7.8.8 Pompa Alum (J-04) ............................................................. VII-20

  7.8.9 Tangki Pelarutan Soda Abu (V-04) .................................... VII-21

  7.8.10 Pompa Soda Abu (J-05) .................................................... VII-21

  7.8.11 Clarifier (V-05) ................................................................. VII-21

  7.8.12 Pompa Clarifier (J-06) ...................................................... VII-22

  7.8.13 Tangki Filtrasi (V-06) ....................................................... VII-22

  7.8.14 Pompa Filtrasi (J-07) ......................................................... VII-22

  7.8.16 Pompa Tangki Air (J-08) .................................................. VII-23

  7.8.17 Tangki Pelarutan H

  2 SO 4 (V-08) ........................................ VII-23

  7.8.18 Pompa H

  2 SO 4 (J-09) ......................................................... VII-24

  7.8.19 Cation Exchanger (V-09) ................................................. VII-24

  7.8.20 Pompa Cation Exchanger (J-11) ....................................... VII-24

  7.8.21 Tangki Pelarutan NaOH (V-10) ........................................ VII-25

  7.8.22 Pompa NaOH (J-10) ......................................................... VII-25

  7.8.23 Anion Exchanger (V-11) ................................................... VII-25

  7.8.24 Pompa Anion Exchanger (J-12) ........................................ VII-26

  7.8.25 Deaerator (V-12) ............................................................... VII-26

  7.8.26 Pompa Deaerator (J-13) .................................................... VII-26

  7.8.27 Ketel Uap (V-13) .............................................................. VII-27

  7.8.28 Tangki Pelarutan Kaporit (V-14) ...................................... VII-27

  7.8.29 Pompa Kaporit (J-14) ........................................................ VII-27

  7.8.30 Tangki Utilitas (V-15) ....................................................... VII-28

  7.8.31 Pompa Domestik (J-15) .................................................... VII-28

  7.8.32 Pompa Water Cooling Tower (J-16) ................................. VII-28

  7.8.33 Water Cooling Tower (WCT) ........................................... VII-29

  7.9 Spesifikasi Peralatan Unit Pengolahan Limbah Cair ................... VII-29

  7.9.1 Bak Penampung (BP) .......................................................... VII-29

  7.9.2 Bak Pengendapan Awal (BPA) ........................................... VII-30

  7.9.3 Bak Netralisasi (BN) ........................................................... VII-30

  7.9.4 Tangki Sedimentasi (TS) .................................................... VII-30

  7.9.5 Pompa Bak Penampung (JL-01) ......................................... VII-31

  7.9.6 Pompa Bak Pengendapan Awal (JL-02) ............................. VII-31

  7.9.7 Pompa Bak Netralisasi (JL-03) ........................................... VII-31

  BAB VIII LOKASI DAN TATA LETAK PABRIK .......................................... VIII-1

  8.1 Lokasi Pabrik ............................................................................... VIII-1

  8.2 Tata Letak Pabrik ......................................................................... VIII-6

  8.3 Perincian Luas Tanah ................................................................... VIII-7

  BAB IX ORGANISASI DAN MANAJEMEN PERUSAHAAN ....................... IX-1

  9.2 Bentuk Badan Usaha ....................................................................... IX-1

  9.2.1 Persekutuan Komanditer (CV) ............................................... IX-1

  9.3.2 Perseroan Terbatas (PT) ......................................................... IX-3

  9.3 Bentuk Struktur Organisasi ............................................................. IX-3

  9.3.1 Bentuk Struktur Organisasi Garis .......................................... IX-3

  9.3.2 Bentuk Struktur Organisasi Fungsionil .................................. IX-4

  9.3.3 Bentuk Struktur Organisasi Garis dan Staf ............................ IX-4

  9.3.4 Bentuk Struktur Organisasi Fungsionil dan Staf ................... IX-5

  9.4 Uraian Tugas, Wewenang, dan Tanggung Jawab ........................... IX-6

  9.4.1 Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS) ............................... IX-6

  9.4.2 Dewan Komisaris ................................................................... IX-6

  9.4.3 Direktur .................................................................................. IX-6

  9.4.4 Staf Ahli ................................................................................. IX-7

  9.4.5 Sekretaris ................................................................................ IX-7

  9.4.6 Manager Teknik dan Produksi ............................................... IX-7

  9.4.7 Manager Personalia & Keuangan .......................................... IX-7

  9.4.8 Manager Riset & Pengembangan ........................................... IX-8

  9.4.9 Kepala Bagian Teknik ............................................................ IX-8

  9.4.10 Kepala Bagian Produksi ....................................................... IX-8

  9.4.11 Kepala Bagian Keuangan ..................................................... IX-8

  9.4.12 Kepala Bagian Personalia .................................................... IX-8

  10.4 Perkiraan Rugi/Laba Usaha ........................................................... X-5

  11.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................... XI-1

  BAB XI KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................. XI-1

  10.5.6 Internal Rate of Return (IRR).............................................. X-8

  10.5.5 Return on Network (RON).................................................. X-7

  10.5.4 Pay Out Time (POT) ............................................................ X-7

  10.5.3 Return on Investment (ROI) ................................................ X-6

  10.5.2 Break Even Point (BEP) ...................................................... X-6

  10.5.1 Profit Margin (PM) ............................................................. X-6

  10.5 Analisa Aspek Ekonomi................................................................. X-6

  10.3 Bonus Perusahaan .......................................................................... X-5

  9.5 Tenaga Kerja dan Jam Kerja ........................................................... IX-9

  10.2 Total Penjualan (Total Sales) ......................................................... X-5

  10.1.3 Biaya Produksi Tetap (BPT) / Fixed Cost (FC) ................... X-4

  10.1.2 Modal Kerja / Working Capital (WC) ................................. X-3

  10.1.1 Modal Investasi Tetap (MIT) / Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) ..................................................................................... X-1

  10.1 Modal Investasi ............................................................................... X-1

  BAB X ANALISIS EKONOMI.......................................................................... X-1

  9.6 Hak dan Kewajiban Karyawan ..................................................... IX-11

  9.5.2 Pengaturan Jam Kerja .......................................................... IX-10

  9.5.1 Jumlah dan Tingkat Pendidikan Tenaga Kerja ...................... IX-9

  11.2 Saran .............................................................................................. XI-1 DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................xv LAMPIRAN A PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA........................................ LA-1 LAMPIRAN B PERHITUNGAN NERACA ENERGI ....................................... LB-1 LAMPIRAN C PERHITUNGAN SPESIFIKASI PERALATAN ....................... LC-1 LAMPIRAN D PERHITUNGAN SPESIFIKASI PERALATAN UTILITAS .... LD-1 LAMPIRAN E PERHITUNGAN ASPEK EKONOMI ...................................... LE-1 LAMPIRAN F MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) .............................LF-1

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 7.1 Siklus Unit Pendinginan ................................................................ VII-3Gambar 8.1 Denah Lokasi Pabrik di Kawasan Medan Labuhan ..................... VIII-5Gambar 8.2 Tata Letak Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan 2-Feniletanol ....... VIII-9Gambar 9.1 Bagan Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan Pabrik Pembuatan

  2-Feniletanol ................................................................................. IX-16 Gambar LC.1 Plate specification ........................................................................ LC-36 Gambar LD.1 Sketsa Sebagian Bar Screen (dilihat dari atas) .............................. LD-1 Gambar LD.2 Grafik Entalpi dan Temperatur Cairan pada Water Cooling Tower

  (WCT) .......................................................................................... LD-77 Gambar LD.3 Kurva Hy terhadap 1/(Hy*

• –Hy) .................................................. LD-78 Gambar LE.1 Grafik Break Even Point (BEP) Pabrik Pembuatan 2-Feniletanol

  Dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Stirena Oksida ................................ LE-29

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.1 Data Impor 2-Feniletanol Indonesia Tahun 2009-2011 ..................... I-1Tabel 3.1 Neraca Massa Mixer Liquid Feed (M-101) ..................................... III-1Tabel 3.2 Neraca Massa Mixer Hydrogenation Feed(M-103) ........................ III-1Tabel 3.3 Neraca Massa Fixed Bed Reactor (R-101) ...................................... III-2Tabel 3.4 Neraca Massa Knock Out Drum (FG-201) ...................................... III-2Tabel 3.5 Neraca Massa Mixing Point Hidrogen (M-102) .............................. III-2Tabel 3.6 Neraca Massa Mixer Metanol (M-104) ........................................... III-3Tabel 3.7 Neraca Massa Tray Distillation Tower (TD-201) ........................... III-3Tabel 3.8 Neraca Massa Kondensor (E-202) .................................................. III-3Tabel 3.9 Neraca Massa Reboiler(E-203) ....................................................... III-4Tabel 4.1 Neraca Energi Heater (E-101) ......................................................... IV-1Tabel 4.2 Neraca Energi Heater (E-102) ......................................................... IV-1Tabel 4.3 Neraca Energi Fixed Bed Reaktor (R-101) ..................................... IV-1Tabel 4.4 Neraca Energi Cooler (E-103) ........................................................ IV-2Tabel 4.5 Neraca Energi Heater (E-201) ......................................................... IV-2Tabel 4.6 Neraca Energi Kondensor (E-202) .................................................. IV-2Tabel 4.7 Neraca Energi Reboiler (E-203) ...................................................... IV-2Tabel 4.8 Neraca Energi Cooler (E-204) ......................................................... IV-2Tabel 4.9 Neraca Energi Cooler (E-205) ......................................................... IV-3Tabel 6.1 Daftar Instrumentasi pada Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan 2-

  Feniletanol dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Stirena Oksida .................. VI-4

Tabel 6.2 Jumlah Peralatan Perlindungan ..................................................... VI-11Tabel 7.1 Kebutuhan Uap sebagai Media Pemanas ....................................... VII-1Tabel 7.2 Kebutuhan Air Pendingin Pabrik ................................................... VII-2Tabel 7.3 Pemakaian Air untuk Berbagai Kebutuhan .................................... VII-4Tabel 7.4 Kualitas Air Sungai Deli, Daerah Kawasan Industri Medan ......... VII-4Tabel 7.5 Perincian Kebutuhan Listrik di Unit Proses ................................. VII-11Tabel 7.6 Perincian Kebutuhan Listrik di Unit Utilitas dan Pengolahan

  Limbah ......................................................................................... VII-12

Tabel 7.7 Perincian Kebutuhan Listrik Total ............................................... VII-13Tabel 8.1 Perbandingan Pemilihan Lokasi Pabrik ....................................... VIII-4Tabel 8.2 Luas Areal Parkir ......................................................................... VIII-7Tabel 8.3 Luas Perumahan & Mess Karyawan ............................................ VIII-7Tabel 8.4 Perincian Luas Areal Pabrik ........................................................ VIII-8Tabel 9.1 Jumlah Tenaga Kerja Beserta Tingkat Pendidikannya ................... IX-9Tabel 9.2 Pembagian Kerja Shift Tiap Regu ................................................. IX-11Tabel 9.3 Proporsi Gaji Karyawan ................................................................ IX-12

  Tabel LA.1 Neraca Massa Mixer Liquid Feed (M-101) .................................... LA-2 Tabel LA.2 Neraca Massa Mixer Hydrogenation Feed(M-103) ....................... LA-3 Tabel LA.3 Neraca Massa Fixed Bed Reactor (R-101) ..................................... LA-5 Tabel LA.4 Neraca Massa Knock Out Drum (FG-201) ..................................... LA-6 Tabel LA.6 Neraca Massa Tray Distillation Tower (TD-201) ........................ LA-12 Tabel LA.7 Neraca Massa Kondensor (E-202) ............................................... LA-13 Tabel LA.8 Neraca Massa Reboiler(E-203) .................................................... LA-14 Tabel LA.9 Neraca Massa Mixer Metanol (M-104) ........................................ LA-14 Tabel LB.1 Nilai Konstanta a, b, c dan d untuk Perhitungan Cp Cairan .......... LB-1 Tabel LB.2 Nilai Konstanta a, b, c, d dan e untuk Perhitungan Cp Gas ........... LB-2 Tabel LB.3 Kontribusi Gugus Kapasitas Panas Cairan .................................... LB-2 Tabel LB.4 Kontribusi Gugus Panas Pembentukan .......................................... LB-3 Tabel LB.5 Data Perhitungan Nilai Panas Laten .............................................. LB-3 Tabel LB.6 Perhitungan Panas Masuk Heater (E-101) ..................................... LB-4 Tabel LB.7 Perhitungan Panas Keluar Heater (E-101) ..................................... LB-5 Tabel LB.8 Perhitungan Panas Masuk Heater (E-102) ..................................... LB-5 Tabel LB.9 Perhitungan Panas Keluar Heater (E-102) ..................................... LB-6 Tabel LB.10 Perhitungan Panas Masuk Fixed Bed Reactor (R-101) ................. LB-7 Tabel LB.11 Perhitungan Panas Keluar Fixed Bed Reactor (R-101) ................. LB-7 Tabel LB.12 Perhitungan Panas Masuk Heater (E-201) ..................................... LB-9 Tabel LB.13 Perhitungan Panas Keluar Heater (E-201) ..................................... LB-9 Tabel LB.14 Neraca Panas pada Alur 15 .......................................................... LB-10 Tabel LB.15 Neraca Panas pada Alur 18 .......................................................... LB-10 Tabel LB.16 Neraca Panas pada Alur 19 .......................................................... LB-11

  Tabel LB.17 Neraca Panas pada Alur 20 .......................................................... LB-11 Tabel LB.18 Neraca Panas pada Alur 23 .......................................................... LB-11 Tabel LB.19 Perhitungan Panas Masuk Cooler (E-204) ................................... LB-13 Tabel LB.20 Perhitungan Panas Keluar Cooler (E-204) ................................... LB-13 Tabel LB.21 Perhitungan Panas Masuk Cooler (E-205) ................................... LB-14 Tabel LB.22 Perhitungan Panas Keluar Cooler (E-205) ................................... LB-14 Tabel LC.1 Kondisi umpan cair masuk Knock Out Drum .............................. LC-14 Tabel LC.2 Komposisi Umpan Masuk ke Mixer Umpan Masuk (M-101) ..... LC-17 Tabel LC.3 Viskositas bahan mixer umpan cair (M-101) ............................... LC-20 Tabel LC.4 Komposisi bahan masuk ke Reaktor Hidrogenasi (R-101) .......... LC-21 Tabel LC.5 Komposisi bahan keluar ke Reaktor Hidrogenasi (R-101) .......... LC-21

  ch

  Tabel LC.7 Perhitungan P untuk metanol ..................................................... LC-30

  ch

  Tabel LC.8 Data Suhu Heater I (E-101) ......................................................... LC-38 Tabel LC.9 Data Suhu Heater II (E-102) ........................................................ LC-44 Tabel LC.10 Data Suhu Heater III (E-201) ...................................................... LC-49 Tabel LC.11 Data Suhu Cooler I (E-204) ......................................................... LC-54 Tabel LC.12 Data Data Suhu Cooler II (E-205) ............................................... LC-59 Tabel LC.13 Data Suhu Kondensor (E-202) ..................................................... LC-64 Tabel LC.14 Data Suhu Reboiler (E-203) ......................................................... LC-69 Tabel LD.1 Perhitungan Entalpi dalam Penentuan Tinggi Menara Pendingin........LD-77 Tabel LE.1 Estimasi Perincian Harga Bangunan .............................................. LE-2 Tabel LE.2 Estimasi Harga Peralatan Proses non-Impor .................................. LE-3 Tabel LE.3 Estimasi Harga Peralatan Proses - Terangkai ................................ LE-4 Tabel LE.4 Estimasi Harga Peralatan Utilitas non-Impor ................................ LE-4 Tabel LE.5 Estimasi Harga Peralatan Utilitas - Terangkai ............................... LE-5 Tabel LE.6 Estimasi Harga Peralatan Pengolahan Limbah Cair non-Impor .... LE-5 Tabel LE.7 Estimasi Harga Peralatan Pengolahan Limbah Cair

• – Terangkai .. LE-6 Tabel LE.8 Harga Indeks Marshall dan Swift ................................................... LE-6 Tabel LE.9 Estimasi Harga Peralatan Proses - Impor ....................................... LE-9 Tabel LE.10 Estimasi Harga Peralatan Utilitas - Impor ..................................... LE-9

  Tabel LE.11 Estimasi Harga Pembangkit Listrik-Impor .................................... LE-9 Tabel LE.12 Rangkuman Total Harga Peralatan dan Jumlah Peralatan ............. LE-9 Tabel LE.13 Biaya Sarana Transportasi ........................................................... LE-12 Tabel LE.14 Perincian Gaji Karyawan ............................................................. LE-16 Tabel LE.15 Perincian Biaya Kas ..................................................................... LE-18 Tabel LE.16 Perincian Modal Kerja ................................................................. LE-19 Tabel LE.17 Aturan depresiasi sesuai UU Republik Indonesia No. 17

  Tahun 2000 .................................................................................. LE-20 Tabel LE.18 Perhitungan Biaya Depresiasi ...................................................... LE-20 Tabel LE.19 Data Perhitungan IRR .................................................................. LE-30