SMART AIRPORT FOR NOISE REDUCTION CASE S
Naskah Ringkas 1
SMART AIRPORT FOR NOISE REDUCTION
CASE STUDI AND APPLICATION TO
SOEKARNO-HATTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Nurdini Rospitha Tambunan1, Isam Shahrour2
Abstract
Actualize the future airport as an aerotropolis and meet sustainable criteria not only for improving the needs of a good
quality and safety transportation, but also minimize the environmental impact of airport activities. Noise pollution as
one of this impact always becomes the most important issue to solve around the urban area in the vicinity of aerodrome.
Defining the exposed area by nuisance needs aircraft’s noise modelling which will produce the noise map zone with
software such as Integrated Noise Modelling required input of airport’s infrastructure, traffics, trajectories, weather
report, and topography surround the aerodrome. The map produced will be an effort for implementing Smart noise
solution as one best solution to protect the community from the impact of aircraft’s noise. The implementation of one
integrated system of smart noise measurement and monitoring such as Sentinelle and VITRAIL (VIsualisation des
Trajectoires et des Informations en Ligne) in France has been studied in this report in order to learn about how its work
and implement them in the future airport.
Keywords : Sustainability, Smart Airport, Aircraft’s Noise, Noise Monitoring and Measurement System
1
2
Student at Université Lille 1 & Universitas Indonesia, e-mail address: truedien@gmail.com
Director of Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE), Nord Pas de Calais, France
1.
Introduction
At present, many airports quiet find a way to have a
direct and efficient connectivity between them and the
city. Which mean they still stand with the concept that
the city or urban area must be putted away from the
airport’s area. Nonetheless, the idea of building urban
area far from the airport has gave us problem to be
solved. One of the problems is about transportation to
and from the airport. Starting this point of view, the
concept of aerotropolis has become an answer of the
questions of one city airport which provide all the needs
of the community. In other words, the airport expansion
and urban development will congeniality step forward
without any complication.
Hereinafter, we are facing problems for developing
future or smart airport. The intention of developing a
new design of smart airport will definitely increase the
traffic growth. The subsequent effect from the traffic
enhancement will obviously create another possibility of
environmental impacts. There are three main of
environmental impacts which related to the airport in
the future, global impacts, local impacts and uneven
impacts (Eurocontrol, 2013).
Starting from these results, we have found that the
major delinquent factor effecting urban development in
the vicinity of the airport is noise pollution.
Furthermore, Soekarno-Hatta International Airport is
facing the same noise problem with the aircraft traffic
growth 11,8% per year and movement 72 per hour in
2014 (www.indonesia-investment.com).
Furthermore, smart noise solution concept in the airport
is a proposed to solve the problem of noise pollution.
The whole system is to create one method of regulation
or technology to be used for protecting the community
from the noise impacts. Based on the case study in
Toulouse Blagnac Airport, Marseille Provence Airport
and Paris Orly airport, we try to implement the same
method of noise measurement and monitoring in
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport (Soetta).
Naskah Ringkas 2
2. Methodology
The question of this research is how to define the noise
pollution in the urban area at the airport environment
with the smart noise solution. It would be carried out by
focusing on literature research in comparison between
method of noise measurement and monitoring in three
airports in France which are Toulouse Blagnac airport,
Marseille Provence Airport, and Paris Orly Airport.
The method is following ICAO (Internatiional Civil
Aviation Organization) document 9911 and document
29 ECAC (European Civil Aviation Conference) which
is adopted by France into one technique guidance:
Élaboration des cartes de bruit autour des aerodromes
(February 2014).
We have to produce noise map which require :
1. A method for noise calculation implemented in a
computer program. Commonly, France government
use Integrated Noise Model and ArcGIS.
2. A database of aircraft needed to finely characterize
noise emissions of each aircraft.
3. Data on infrastructure, traffic, trajectories and
operating conditions for each aerodrome.
As for performing the aircraft noise modelling, the
collection and processing some of necessary data
required. The data needed are Airport infrastructure;
traffics; trajectories and flight profiles; meteorological
condition and topography in each aerodrome.
These factors are affecting the travel of noise in to the
urban area. And from this point of view, the aircraft’s
noise modeler could create the noise maps to make a
visualization of noise exposure on the land.
The visualization by the maps will give an authority a
best chance to produce and build regulations to protect
the community from the noise pollution and also to
define smart noise systems which could generate a
better solution for noise in a sustainable way.
2.1 Method of Noise Measurement and
Monitoring at Toulouse Blagnac
Airport
Toulouse Blagnac situated in south west of France, at
the heart of the Midi-Pyrénées region, about twenty
minutes from Toulouse city center. Runway dimension
3000 x 45 m and 3500 x 45 m with orientation to 320
North and 140 south. Traffic statistic in 2013 is 95.650
aircraft movement.
Area exposed by noise pollution defined by producing
the noise map then considering the topography in
Blagnac and residence area which have affected most,
the authority preferred to implement Sentinelle a system
of noise measurement since September 2002.
Sentinelle with 6 stations fixed and mobile
measurement operates a system of noise measurement
and visualization of the trajectories of aircraft operating
24h/24. It could records all ambient noise and
automatically detects the passage of aircrafts. The other
advantage of Sentinelle is, it could respond to any
request factual information or complaint regarding an
event that caused nuisance.
The system will be provided by the data from the station
of noise measurement, trajectories of aircrafts from
radar, weather report from Meteo France, flight
identification from CCIT (Chambre de Commerce et
d’Industrie) and also information and complaints from
the airport neighborhood.
2.2 Method of Noise Measurement and
Monitoring at Marseille Provence
Airport
Marseille Provence airport located 27 km (17 miles)
northwest of Marseille, on the territory of Marignane,
both communes of the Bouches-du-Rhône département
in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur région of France.
Runway dimension 3500 x 45 m and 2370 x 45 m with
orientation to 320 North and 140 south. Traffic statistic
in 2013 is 117.955 aircraft movement.
Considering topography and urban area in noise map
zone, the airport stakeholder providing Marseille
Provence with a network of monitoring noise station
around Marseille Provence to monitor the daily noise
and aircraft trajectories since September 2004. This
system which has set up by Brüel and Kjaer Company
allows people to view, analyze and record the
trajectories of all aircraft and noise level associated with
their passage through an area of about 40 km from the
airport.
It consist of a host which collects all data from noise
sensors, weather report from Meteo France, and from
radar at the control tower at the airport, which will
regularly communicate the position and trajectory of the
aircraft after take-off and landing phase. Furthermore, it
will analyze the tracks of the aircrafts, level of noise,
and manage the complaints from the community.
2.3 Method of Noise Measurement and
Monitoring at Paris Orly Airport
Paris Orly airport located in Orly and partially in
Villeneuve-le-Roi, 7 NM (13 km; 8.1 mi) south of Paris,
France.
Runway dimension 2400 x 60 m with
orientation 020 north and 200 to the south; and 3320 x
45 m with orientation to 080 North and 260 south; and
All the system implemented in Toulouse Blagnac,
Marseille Provence and Paris Orly, need the neat
calculation to define the area which we should put on it
the noise monitoring station. The reason is because
every airport has their own characteristics and located in
different topography, and also has different type of
runway configurations and traffics capacity.
All those reasons are effecting in noise propagation
which could have several impacts to the community in
the vicinity of the aerodrome. Hereinafter, the screening
of urban area around the airport and what level of noise
are exposed on that area would be necessary, and the
knowledge about noise propagation which related to
topography will be useful to determine the location of
noise measurement and monitoring station.
From the 3 airports, we determined that each airport
have different wide of area exposed by nuisance. And
after comparing them with the topography in each
location, we could determine that Paris Orly has the
widest area exposed by nuisance.
Reference
situation
Long-term
horizon
Reference
situation
Long-term
horizon
MarseilleProvence
Paris-Orly
55 to 60
60 to 65
Noise Level (dB)
Figure 1. Comparison Estimate Area Exposed by Noise
Level at 55-65 dB Between 3 Airport.
12
8
Lo g-ter …
Refere ce…
0
Lo g-ter …
4
Refere ce…
2.4 Noise Exposure Measurement
ToulouseBlagnac
Lo g-ter …
The system allows interested persons, including the
coastal airports, see the trajectories of aircraft overflying
the region Paris. The information sought will be
displayed on a display screen on a background map of
the "road map" type the path of a device indicating its
type and altitude, as well as the noise level associated
with the track. VITRAIL gives a representation of air
traffic in Ile-de-France and noise measurements
associated in near real time (time delayed 30 minutes).
Accessibility constantly this information allows us to be
much more effective in identifying and reporting
deviations trajectory characterized.
90
60
30
0
Refere ce…
Hereinafter the method of measurement and monitoring
of noise pollution in Paris Orly is integrated in one
system called VITRAIL (VIsualisation des Trajectoires
et des Informations en Ligne ). VITRAIL is software that
allows people to view on the internet trajectories takeoff
and landing aircraft from the Paris airports. It is an
indispensable tool for us because it allows us to spot,
then terminate the call of hardcore trajectory deviations
(mainly takeoff facing east).
Estimate Area Expoxe
(Km2)
3650 x 45 m with orientation 070 north and 250 south.
Traffic statistic in 2013 is 233.497 aircraft movement.
Estimate Area Expoxe
(Km2)
Naskah Ringkas 3
ToulouseBlagnac
MarseilleProvence
Paris-Orly
65 o 70 70 o 75 ≥ 75
Noise Level (dB)
Figure 2. Comparison Estimate Area Exposed by Noise
Level at 65-75 dB Between 3 Airport.
However topography is not the only factor which
affecting the wide area expose by nuisance in Paris
Orly. The amount of traffic movements with various
profiles of aircrafts which entering the Paris Orly also
have a significant factors in raising the noise expose
area.
The profile of aircrafts entering each airport depends on
the runway capacity and demands per year.
Nevertheless, we are not in discussion about the
passenger’s demands as of the result of this analysis
only from the point of how much level of noise which
could produce by the aircraft in each event. As well as
the profile of aircrafts and the calculation of each events
not involved in here.
Here is the list of mostly aircrafts in Paris Orly:
Caravelle, Cessna citation Mustang, Mooney Acclaim
Type S, Douglas DC-8, Sukhoi Superjet 100, Helicopter
Dynali H2S, Gulfstream G550, Canadair CL 415,
Global 6000, Daher-Socata TBM850, Daher-Socata
TBM900, Schempo-Hirth Duo Discus, Boeing 787
Dreamliner, Boeing 747 Dreamlifter, Boeing 747-800
Naskah Ringkas 4
Intercontinental, Alpha jet, Patrouille de France, Airbus
A380, A380, Parangon écolo, Airbus A400M, Embraer
Legacy 650, Eurocopter EC 225, Eurocopter MercedesBenz, New version of EC145.
(Source:http://www.entrevoisins.org/aerien/avions/50_fi
ches_avion/default.aspx)
Furthermore, the knowledge about the facts above are
already enough to give us information that determining
and predicting the area expose by noise pollution in the
future will base on this criteria.
1. Jakarta Automated Air Traffic Services (JAATS).
Information given are the real trajectories of flight,
history of flight, number of movements.
2. Jakarta Aeronautical Information Management
(AIM). It gives information of next traffics, type of
aircrafts, schedule, etc.
3. Meteorology,
Climatology
and
Geophysics
Indonesia (BMKG)
4. Complaints and information from habitants.
5. Noise Measurement and monitoring station.
3. Result and Implementation
Smart noise solution recommended by ACNUSA
(Autorité de contrôle des nuisances aéroportuaires ) is
already implemented in majority of airports in France in
conjunction with the regulations which support the
habitants who have a probability in exposed by nuisance
of aviation or either already exposed. No other way that
this concept should be adopted and implemented in
order to aid the habitants in vicinity of the airport
corresponding with the explanation above.
Jakarta Soekarno-Hatta (Soetta) airport is the main
airport situated in Cengkareng, about 30 km from the
centre of Jakarta city, the capital city of Indonesia. It has
2 runways parallel 07L/25R (3.600 x 60 m) and
07R/25L (3.660 x 60 m) with daily traffic average 1200
movements. The airport handled more than 43 million
passengers and 338,711 aircraft movements in 2010.
The variety of aircraft’s type in Soetta is more or less
the same as those in 3 airports in France. However, the
noise management in Soetta is still in progress and the
community around Soetta airport still exposed by
nuisance until now.
Refer to the research on capacity evaluation of
environmental noise in Soetta by Kusnoputranto. et, al.,
(2014) have showed that the average noise level is
69.08 dB(A), as of inhabitants live near Soetta are
highly risk in expose of noise disturbance. Based on
the result, Soetta needs a system which could answer the
noise management problem, in other word it needs
smart noise solution.
Adopting method of noise measurement and monitoring
in France, we propose the new system which would be
possible to implement in Soetta. This system will
provide information to the public, especially to the
policy holder to be able to take the actions necessary to
protect the community from noise pollution.
The picture below will illustrate how this system will
work. Information required by the system to build the
noise zone map will be provided from:
Figure 3. Smart Noise Solution Concept for Jakarta
Soekarno-Hatta
All information processed in this system will be used to
detect areas that are exposed to noise pollution in a high
level. Hereinafter, analyze the trajectories of the
aircrafts which fly over the Soetta area. The analysis
must also have input from the amount of the complaints
from the community of the airport.
Furthermore, the analysis result would be useful to give
information to all stakeholders and provide them future
steps to communicate about noise management in
airport neighborhood.
4.
Conclusion
The present-day airport development leads to
aerotropolis or city airport. This definition brings us to
environmental problem which will occur in the urban
development around the airport.
Noise pollution is already became one of environmental
problem which needs smart solution because of its
impact to the human’s health in the vicinity of
aerodrome. Moreover aircraft’s noise is the main source
of noise pollution to be counter in order to minimize
future impacts in urban area near the airport.
ICAO has implemented regulation in their documents
Annex 16 about the Environmental Protection which
Naskah Ringkas 5
guide the member of ICAO to provide steps in
protecting human from pollution caused by the airport
activities. In noise case, there are managements in
reduction of noise at source; land-use planning; noise
abatement
operational
procedures;
operating
restrictions; and noise charges.
this paper and also to Ministry of Transport of Indonesia
for funding author’s master degree program. The author
would like to express gratitude also to Prof. Dr. Ir.
Irwan Katili, DEA and Mohammed Ali Berawi, M. Eng.
Sc., Ph.D for their support during the author study
period in Indonesia.
However, the regulation must base on the fact about the
noise at the airport. Hereinafter, we need to figure out
about the aircrafts noise modelling to define the noise
zone around the airport using some software such as
Integrated Noise Modelling, ANCON or FLULA
program. Furthermore the noise zone produced by this
program implemented in proposing action in the future.
References
France authority has adopted document 9911 ICAO and
document 29 ECAC to develop one system in noise
measurement and monitoring in the airports. This
system include the method for noise calculation
implemented in a computer program, a database of
aircraft to figure out the noise emissions of each aircraft,
and data on infrastructure, traffic, meteorology,
trajectories and operating for each aerodrome.
Airports which are already implemented this system are
Toulouse Blagnac, Marseille Provence, and Paris Orly.
Toulouse Blagnac adopted Sentinell, Marseille
Provence implemented a system similar with Sentinelle,
and Paris Orly has running VITRAIL to give better
information about noise pollution to the community.
However, the topography surround the airport is also
one of the factors which is affecting the noise
propagation. The comparison of airport’s contour area
between Toulouse Blagnac, Marseille Provence and
Paris Orly pointed that the more flat the contour, the
less noise propagated more. This factor could be the one
to consider in locating the station of noise measurement
and monitoring.
Implementation of Smart noise solution in Jakarta
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport would be
considered in the same method as in three airports
which have been studied. We need collection of data to
produce noise map zone, then the noise measurement
and monitoring station location base on area and also
topography.
The new system will provide all stakeholders
information about noise exposure level in the area and
also useful for managing noise management in urban
area at the vicinity of Soekarno-Hatta airport.
Acknowledgment
This work was under internship program supported by
the Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement in
Lille. A special acknowledgement goes to Prof. Isam
Shahrour for helpful suggestions in order to improve
Network Manager nominated by European Commission.
“Challenges of Growth 2013, Task 4: European Air
Traffic in 2035” Eurocontrol. 2013.
ICAO. Review of Noise abatement procedure research
& development and implementation results:
Discussion of survey results. 2007.
ECAC.Report on standard method of computing noise
contours around civil airports. Vol.1:Applications
guide. Technical report Doc.29. European Civil
Aviation Conference. December 2005.
Zaporozhets O.I, Tokarev V.I. Aircraft Noise Modelling
for Environmental Assessment Around Airports.
Acoustic Laboratory, Kyiv International University
of Civil Aviation, Ukraine. 1998.
Filippone A. Aircraft noise prediction. Progress in
Aerospace
Sciences
(2014),
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2014.02.001i
www.indonesia-investment.com
Ministére de l’Écologie, du Développement durable et
de l’énergie, Direction general de l’Aviation civile,
Service technique de l’Aviation civile.”Élaboration
des cartes de bruit autour des aerodromes” Guide
technique. February 2014.
dgac.DSAC.”Plan de Prévention du Bruit dans
l’Environnement de l’aérodrome de ToulouseBlagnac 2012-2017”.12 March 2013.
Cinq sur cinq, Lettre aux riverains de l’aeroport
Tpoulouse-Blagnac. Sentinelle: Priorité à la
surveillance et à l’information. December 2002.
Direction Marketing aéroport Toulouse Blagnac.
Bulletin Statistique Environnement Année 2013.
Direction de la Sesurité de l’Aviation civile SudEst.”Plan de Prévention du Bruit dans
l’Environnement” version projet. 2010.
DGAC. “Mesurages sonores arrives QFU 13 à
l’aéroport de Marseille-provence”. 2010.
Aéroport de Paris-Orly. “Plan de Prévention du Bruit
dans l’Environnement”. 2010.
Dgac, DSNA. “Paris Orly Configuration Ouest”. 2013.
Kusnoputranto H, Budhi Soesilo TE, Kristanto GA,
Sardjono W. apacity Evaluation of Environmental
Noise for Airport Sustainability through EcoAirport”.
www.theinternationaljournal.or>RJSITM:
Volume:03, Number: 3, January 2014.
DGAC. Direction du transport aérien.Traffiv
Aéroportuaire 1986-2012. June 2013.
http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr
Naskah Ringkas 6
http://www.entrevoisins.org/aerien/avions/50_fiches_av
ion/default.aspx
http://www.indonesia-investment.com
http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr
http://www.acnusa.fr
www.toulouse.aeroport.fr
www.marseille.aeroport.fr
http://www.avevy.com/vitrail.htm
http://www.aeroport.fr/les-aeroports-de-l-uaf/stats-parisorly.php
http://www.toulouse.aeroport.fr/en/node/1679
http://fr-fr.topographic-map.com/
DGAC. Direction du transport aérien.Traffiv
Aéroportuaire 1986-2012. June 2013.
SMART AIRPORT FOR NOISE REDUCTION
CASE STUDI AND APPLICATION TO
SOEKARNO-HATTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Nurdini Rospitha Tambunan1, Isam Shahrour2
Abstract
Actualize the future airport as an aerotropolis and meet sustainable criteria not only for improving the needs of a good
quality and safety transportation, but also minimize the environmental impact of airport activities. Noise pollution as
one of this impact always becomes the most important issue to solve around the urban area in the vicinity of aerodrome.
Defining the exposed area by nuisance needs aircraft’s noise modelling which will produce the noise map zone with
software such as Integrated Noise Modelling required input of airport’s infrastructure, traffics, trajectories, weather
report, and topography surround the aerodrome. The map produced will be an effort for implementing Smart noise
solution as one best solution to protect the community from the impact of aircraft’s noise. The implementation of one
integrated system of smart noise measurement and monitoring such as Sentinelle and VITRAIL (VIsualisation des
Trajectoires et des Informations en Ligne) in France has been studied in this report in order to learn about how its work
and implement them in the future airport.
Keywords : Sustainability, Smart Airport, Aircraft’s Noise, Noise Monitoring and Measurement System
1
2
Student at Université Lille 1 & Universitas Indonesia, e-mail address: truedien@gmail.com
Director of Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE), Nord Pas de Calais, France
1.
Introduction
At present, many airports quiet find a way to have a
direct and efficient connectivity between them and the
city. Which mean they still stand with the concept that
the city or urban area must be putted away from the
airport’s area. Nonetheless, the idea of building urban
area far from the airport has gave us problem to be
solved. One of the problems is about transportation to
and from the airport. Starting this point of view, the
concept of aerotropolis has become an answer of the
questions of one city airport which provide all the needs
of the community. In other words, the airport expansion
and urban development will congeniality step forward
without any complication.
Hereinafter, we are facing problems for developing
future or smart airport. The intention of developing a
new design of smart airport will definitely increase the
traffic growth. The subsequent effect from the traffic
enhancement will obviously create another possibility of
environmental impacts. There are three main of
environmental impacts which related to the airport in
the future, global impacts, local impacts and uneven
impacts (Eurocontrol, 2013).
Starting from these results, we have found that the
major delinquent factor effecting urban development in
the vicinity of the airport is noise pollution.
Furthermore, Soekarno-Hatta International Airport is
facing the same noise problem with the aircraft traffic
growth 11,8% per year and movement 72 per hour in
2014 (www.indonesia-investment.com).
Furthermore, smart noise solution concept in the airport
is a proposed to solve the problem of noise pollution.
The whole system is to create one method of regulation
or technology to be used for protecting the community
from the noise impacts. Based on the case study in
Toulouse Blagnac Airport, Marseille Provence Airport
and Paris Orly airport, we try to implement the same
method of noise measurement and monitoring in
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport (Soetta).
Naskah Ringkas 2
2. Methodology
The question of this research is how to define the noise
pollution in the urban area at the airport environment
with the smart noise solution. It would be carried out by
focusing on literature research in comparison between
method of noise measurement and monitoring in three
airports in France which are Toulouse Blagnac airport,
Marseille Provence Airport, and Paris Orly Airport.
The method is following ICAO (Internatiional Civil
Aviation Organization) document 9911 and document
29 ECAC (European Civil Aviation Conference) which
is adopted by France into one technique guidance:
Élaboration des cartes de bruit autour des aerodromes
(February 2014).
We have to produce noise map which require :
1. A method for noise calculation implemented in a
computer program. Commonly, France government
use Integrated Noise Model and ArcGIS.
2. A database of aircraft needed to finely characterize
noise emissions of each aircraft.
3. Data on infrastructure, traffic, trajectories and
operating conditions for each aerodrome.
As for performing the aircraft noise modelling, the
collection and processing some of necessary data
required. The data needed are Airport infrastructure;
traffics; trajectories and flight profiles; meteorological
condition and topography in each aerodrome.
These factors are affecting the travel of noise in to the
urban area. And from this point of view, the aircraft’s
noise modeler could create the noise maps to make a
visualization of noise exposure on the land.
The visualization by the maps will give an authority a
best chance to produce and build regulations to protect
the community from the noise pollution and also to
define smart noise systems which could generate a
better solution for noise in a sustainable way.
2.1 Method of Noise Measurement and
Monitoring at Toulouse Blagnac
Airport
Toulouse Blagnac situated in south west of France, at
the heart of the Midi-Pyrénées region, about twenty
minutes from Toulouse city center. Runway dimension
3000 x 45 m and 3500 x 45 m with orientation to 320
North and 140 south. Traffic statistic in 2013 is 95.650
aircraft movement.
Area exposed by noise pollution defined by producing
the noise map then considering the topography in
Blagnac and residence area which have affected most,
the authority preferred to implement Sentinelle a system
of noise measurement since September 2002.
Sentinelle with 6 stations fixed and mobile
measurement operates a system of noise measurement
and visualization of the trajectories of aircraft operating
24h/24. It could records all ambient noise and
automatically detects the passage of aircrafts. The other
advantage of Sentinelle is, it could respond to any
request factual information or complaint regarding an
event that caused nuisance.
The system will be provided by the data from the station
of noise measurement, trajectories of aircrafts from
radar, weather report from Meteo France, flight
identification from CCIT (Chambre de Commerce et
d’Industrie) and also information and complaints from
the airport neighborhood.
2.2 Method of Noise Measurement and
Monitoring at Marseille Provence
Airport
Marseille Provence airport located 27 km (17 miles)
northwest of Marseille, on the territory of Marignane,
both communes of the Bouches-du-Rhône département
in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur région of France.
Runway dimension 3500 x 45 m and 2370 x 45 m with
orientation to 320 North and 140 south. Traffic statistic
in 2013 is 117.955 aircraft movement.
Considering topography and urban area in noise map
zone, the airport stakeholder providing Marseille
Provence with a network of monitoring noise station
around Marseille Provence to monitor the daily noise
and aircraft trajectories since September 2004. This
system which has set up by Brüel and Kjaer Company
allows people to view, analyze and record the
trajectories of all aircraft and noise level associated with
their passage through an area of about 40 km from the
airport.
It consist of a host which collects all data from noise
sensors, weather report from Meteo France, and from
radar at the control tower at the airport, which will
regularly communicate the position and trajectory of the
aircraft after take-off and landing phase. Furthermore, it
will analyze the tracks of the aircrafts, level of noise,
and manage the complaints from the community.
2.3 Method of Noise Measurement and
Monitoring at Paris Orly Airport
Paris Orly airport located in Orly and partially in
Villeneuve-le-Roi, 7 NM (13 km; 8.1 mi) south of Paris,
France.
Runway dimension 2400 x 60 m with
orientation 020 north and 200 to the south; and 3320 x
45 m with orientation to 080 North and 260 south; and
All the system implemented in Toulouse Blagnac,
Marseille Provence and Paris Orly, need the neat
calculation to define the area which we should put on it
the noise monitoring station. The reason is because
every airport has their own characteristics and located in
different topography, and also has different type of
runway configurations and traffics capacity.
All those reasons are effecting in noise propagation
which could have several impacts to the community in
the vicinity of the aerodrome. Hereinafter, the screening
of urban area around the airport and what level of noise
are exposed on that area would be necessary, and the
knowledge about noise propagation which related to
topography will be useful to determine the location of
noise measurement and monitoring station.
From the 3 airports, we determined that each airport
have different wide of area exposed by nuisance. And
after comparing them with the topography in each
location, we could determine that Paris Orly has the
widest area exposed by nuisance.
Reference
situation
Long-term
horizon
Reference
situation
Long-term
horizon
MarseilleProvence
Paris-Orly
55 to 60
60 to 65
Noise Level (dB)
Figure 1. Comparison Estimate Area Exposed by Noise
Level at 55-65 dB Between 3 Airport.
12
8
Lo g-ter …
Refere ce…
0
Lo g-ter …
4
Refere ce…
2.4 Noise Exposure Measurement
ToulouseBlagnac
Lo g-ter …
The system allows interested persons, including the
coastal airports, see the trajectories of aircraft overflying
the region Paris. The information sought will be
displayed on a display screen on a background map of
the "road map" type the path of a device indicating its
type and altitude, as well as the noise level associated
with the track. VITRAIL gives a representation of air
traffic in Ile-de-France and noise measurements
associated in near real time (time delayed 30 minutes).
Accessibility constantly this information allows us to be
much more effective in identifying and reporting
deviations trajectory characterized.
90
60
30
0
Refere ce…
Hereinafter the method of measurement and monitoring
of noise pollution in Paris Orly is integrated in one
system called VITRAIL (VIsualisation des Trajectoires
et des Informations en Ligne ). VITRAIL is software that
allows people to view on the internet trajectories takeoff
and landing aircraft from the Paris airports. It is an
indispensable tool for us because it allows us to spot,
then terminate the call of hardcore trajectory deviations
(mainly takeoff facing east).
Estimate Area Expoxe
(Km2)
3650 x 45 m with orientation 070 north and 250 south.
Traffic statistic in 2013 is 233.497 aircraft movement.
Estimate Area Expoxe
(Km2)
Naskah Ringkas 3
ToulouseBlagnac
MarseilleProvence
Paris-Orly
65 o 70 70 o 75 ≥ 75
Noise Level (dB)
Figure 2. Comparison Estimate Area Exposed by Noise
Level at 65-75 dB Between 3 Airport.
However topography is not the only factor which
affecting the wide area expose by nuisance in Paris
Orly. The amount of traffic movements with various
profiles of aircrafts which entering the Paris Orly also
have a significant factors in raising the noise expose
area.
The profile of aircrafts entering each airport depends on
the runway capacity and demands per year.
Nevertheless, we are not in discussion about the
passenger’s demands as of the result of this analysis
only from the point of how much level of noise which
could produce by the aircraft in each event. As well as
the profile of aircrafts and the calculation of each events
not involved in here.
Here is the list of mostly aircrafts in Paris Orly:
Caravelle, Cessna citation Mustang, Mooney Acclaim
Type S, Douglas DC-8, Sukhoi Superjet 100, Helicopter
Dynali H2S, Gulfstream G550, Canadair CL 415,
Global 6000, Daher-Socata TBM850, Daher-Socata
TBM900, Schempo-Hirth Duo Discus, Boeing 787
Dreamliner, Boeing 747 Dreamlifter, Boeing 747-800
Naskah Ringkas 4
Intercontinental, Alpha jet, Patrouille de France, Airbus
A380, A380, Parangon écolo, Airbus A400M, Embraer
Legacy 650, Eurocopter EC 225, Eurocopter MercedesBenz, New version of EC145.
(Source:http://www.entrevoisins.org/aerien/avions/50_fi
ches_avion/default.aspx)
Furthermore, the knowledge about the facts above are
already enough to give us information that determining
and predicting the area expose by noise pollution in the
future will base on this criteria.
1. Jakarta Automated Air Traffic Services (JAATS).
Information given are the real trajectories of flight,
history of flight, number of movements.
2. Jakarta Aeronautical Information Management
(AIM). It gives information of next traffics, type of
aircrafts, schedule, etc.
3. Meteorology,
Climatology
and
Geophysics
Indonesia (BMKG)
4. Complaints and information from habitants.
5. Noise Measurement and monitoring station.
3. Result and Implementation
Smart noise solution recommended by ACNUSA
(Autorité de contrôle des nuisances aéroportuaires ) is
already implemented in majority of airports in France in
conjunction with the regulations which support the
habitants who have a probability in exposed by nuisance
of aviation or either already exposed. No other way that
this concept should be adopted and implemented in
order to aid the habitants in vicinity of the airport
corresponding with the explanation above.
Jakarta Soekarno-Hatta (Soetta) airport is the main
airport situated in Cengkareng, about 30 km from the
centre of Jakarta city, the capital city of Indonesia. It has
2 runways parallel 07L/25R (3.600 x 60 m) and
07R/25L (3.660 x 60 m) with daily traffic average 1200
movements. The airport handled more than 43 million
passengers and 338,711 aircraft movements in 2010.
The variety of aircraft’s type in Soetta is more or less
the same as those in 3 airports in France. However, the
noise management in Soetta is still in progress and the
community around Soetta airport still exposed by
nuisance until now.
Refer to the research on capacity evaluation of
environmental noise in Soetta by Kusnoputranto. et, al.,
(2014) have showed that the average noise level is
69.08 dB(A), as of inhabitants live near Soetta are
highly risk in expose of noise disturbance. Based on
the result, Soetta needs a system which could answer the
noise management problem, in other word it needs
smart noise solution.
Adopting method of noise measurement and monitoring
in France, we propose the new system which would be
possible to implement in Soetta. This system will
provide information to the public, especially to the
policy holder to be able to take the actions necessary to
protect the community from noise pollution.
The picture below will illustrate how this system will
work. Information required by the system to build the
noise zone map will be provided from:
Figure 3. Smart Noise Solution Concept for Jakarta
Soekarno-Hatta
All information processed in this system will be used to
detect areas that are exposed to noise pollution in a high
level. Hereinafter, analyze the trajectories of the
aircrafts which fly over the Soetta area. The analysis
must also have input from the amount of the complaints
from the community of the airport.
Furthermore, the analysis result would be useful to give
information to all stakeholders and provide them future
steps to communicate about noise management in
airport neighborhood.
4.
Conclusion
The present-day airport development leads to
aerotropolis or city airport. This definition brings us to
environmental problem which will occur in the urban
development around the airport.
Noise pollution is already became one of environmental
problem which needs smart solution because of its
impact to the human’s health in the vicinity of
aerodrome. Moreover aircraft’s noise is the main source
of noise pollution to be counter in order to minimize
future impacts in urban area near the airport.
ICAO has implemented regulation in their documents
Annex 16 about the Environmental Protection which
Naskah Ringkas 5
guide the member of ICAO to provide steps in
protecting human from pollution caused by the airport
activities. In noise case, there are managements in
reduction of noise at source; land-use planning; noise
abatement
operational
procedures;
operating
restrictions; and noise charges.
this paper and also to Ministry of Transport of Indonesia
for funding author’s master degree program. The author
would like to express gratitude also to Prof. Dr. Ir.
Irwan Katili, DEA and Mohammed Ali Berawi, M. Eng.
Sc., Ph.D for their support during the author study
period in Indonesia.
However, the regulation must base on the fact about the
noise at the airport. Hereinafter, we need to figure out
about the aircrafts noise modelling to define the noise
zone around the airport using some software such as
Integrated Noise Modelling, ANCON or FLULA
program. Furthermore the noise zone produced by this
program implemented in proposing action in the future.
References
France authority has adopted document 9911 ICAO and
document 29 ECAC to develop one system in noise
measurement and monitoring in the airports. This
system include the method for noise calculation
implemented in a computer program, a database of
aircraft to figure out the noise emissions of each aircraft,
and data on infrastructure, traffic, meteorology,
trajectories and operating for each aerodrome.
Airports which are already implemented this system are
Toulouse Blagnac, Marseille Provence, and Paris Orly.
Toulouse Blagnac adopted Sentinell, Marseille
Provence implemented a system similar with Sentinelle,
and Paris Orly has running VITRAIL to give better
information about noise pollution to the community.
However, the topography surround the airport is also
one of the factors which is affecting the noise
propagation. The comparison of airport’s contour area
between Toulouse Blagnac, Marseille Provence and
Paris Orly pointed that the more flat the contour, the
less noise propagated more. This factor could be the one
to consider in locating the station of noise measurement
and monitoring.
Implementation of Smart noise solution in Jakarta
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport would be
considered in the same method as in three airports
which have been studied. We need collection of data to
produce noise map zone, then the noise measurement
and monitoring station location base on area and also
topography.
The new system will provide all stakeholders
information about noise exposure level in the area and
also useful for managing noise management in urban
area at the vicinity of Soekarno-Hatta airport.
Acknowledgment
This work was under internship program supported by
the Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement in
Lille. A special acknowledgement goes to Prof. Isam
Shahrour for helpful suggestions in order to improve
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