kd Tasik 1004096 Table of Content
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
PERNYATAAN ............................................................................................
i
KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................
ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH .........................................................................
iii
ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................
iv
DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR DIAGRAM .................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................
xi
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN ...........................................................................
1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ...........................................................
1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ................................................
3
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ...................................................
4
D. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................
4
E. Manfaat Penelitian ....................................................................
5
F. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi.......................................................
6
KAJIAN PUSTAKA ......................................................................
7
A. Keterampilan Menulis di Sekolah Dasar (SD) .........................
7
BAB II
B. Teks Deskriptif ......................................................................... 11
C. Tata bahasa Fungsional (Systemic Functional Grammar) ....... 14
D. Kesalahan (Error) dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa....................... 24
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .............................................................. 30
A. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian ................................................... 30
B. Desain Penelitian ...................................................................... 31
C. Metode Penelitian ..................................................................... 32
D. Definisi Operasional ................................................................. 33
E. Instrumen Penelitian ................................................................. 33
F. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ....................................................... 34
G. Teknik Analisis Data ................................................................ 36
vi
BAB IV HASIL DAN ANALISIS DATA PENELITIAN ......................... 40
A. Hasil Penelitian ......................................................................... 40
1.
Analisis Data Hasil Dokumentasi ............................................. 40
2.
Analisis Data Hasil Wawancara ............................................... 71
B. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian .................................................... 76
1.
Struktur Umum Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa Kelas V............ 76
2.
Fitur Bahasa Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa Kelas V ................ 79
3.
Kesalahan Gramatika yang dilakukan Siswa
dalam Menulis Teks Deskriptif ................................................ 81
4.
Penyebab Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa
dalam Menulis Teks Deskriptif ................................................ 90
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................ 93
A. Simpulan ................................................................................... 93
B. Saran ......................................................................................... 94
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 95
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ............................................................................ 98
RIWAYAT HIDUP ........................................................................................ 132
vii
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1 Tipe Relational Process Menurut Halliday (1994) .......................
18
Tabel 2.2 Jenis-jenis Partisipan Berdasarkan Proses yang Digunakan
Menurut Bloor dkk (dalam Siahaan, 2013) ...................................
22
Tabel 3.1 Daftar Judul Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa Kelas V ......................
35
Tabel 4.1 Jenis-jenis Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa pada First Draft
Teks Deskriptif I pada Draf Ke 1 ..................................................
56
Tabel 4.2 Jenis-jenis Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa pada Final Draft
Teks Deskriptif I............................................................................
57
Tabel 4.3 Jenis-jenis Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa pada First Draft
Teks Deskriptif II ..........................................................................
69
Tabel 4.4 Jenis-jenis Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa pada Final Draft
Teks Deskriptif II .........................................................................
70
Tabel 4.5 Struktur Umum Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa ..............................
76
Tabel 4.6 Fitur Bahasa (Linguistic features) Teks deskriptif Karya Siswa...
79
Tabel 4.7 Kesalahan Omission ......................................................................
82
Tabel 4.8 Kesalahan Addition .......................................................................
84
Tabel 4.9 Kesalahan Misformation ...............................................................
86
Tabel 4.10 Kesalahan Misordering .................................................................
88
Tabel 4.11 Presentase Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa
Pada Teks Deskriptif I dan II ........................................................
viii
90
DAFTAR DIAGRAM
Halaman
Diagram 4.1 Kenaikan dan Penurunan Kuantitas Kesalahan Omission .......
83
Diagram 4.2 Kenaikan dan Penurunan Kuantitas Kesalahan Addition ..........
85
Diagram 4.3 Kenaikan dan Penurunan Kuantitas Kesalahan Misformation ..
87
Diagram 4.4 Kenaikan dan Penurunan Kuantitas Kesalahan Misordering.....
89
ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman
Lampiran A
Instrumen Penelitian ...............................................................
98
Lampiran A. 1 Rubrik Penilaian Menulis Teks Deskriptif ............................
99
Lampiran A. 2 Contoh format Analisis struktur Umum Teks Deskriptif .......
101
Lampiran A. 3 Contoh Format Fitur Bahasa Teks Deskriptif.........................
102
Lampiran A. 4 Pedoman Wawancara dengan Guru Bahasa Inggris ...............
103
Lampiran A. 5 Pedoman Wawancara dengan Siswa ......................................
104
Lampiran B
Hasil Data Penelitian...............................................................
105
Lampiran B. 1 Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa ..................................................
106
Lampiran B. 2 Analisis Struktur Umum Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa ..........
112
Lampiran B. 3 Analisis Fitur Bahasa Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa ...............
114
Lampiran B. 4 Analisis transtivity dan Surface Strategy Taxonomy ..............
115
Lampiran B. 5 Transkrip Hasil Wawancara dengan Guru Bahasa Inggris .....
123
Lampiran B. 6 Transkrip Hasil Wawancara dengan siswa .............................
125
Lampiran C
Dokumentasi ...........................................................................
126
Lampiran C. 1 Foto-foto Penelitian ................................................................
127
Lampiran C. 2 Surat Perizinan Penelitian .......................................................
128
x
Halaman
PERNYATAAN ............................................................................................
i
KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................
ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH .........................................................................
iii
ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................
iv
DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR DIAGRAM .................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................
xi
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN ...........................................................................
1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ...........................................................
1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ................................................
3
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ...................................................
4
D. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................
4
E. Manfaat Penelitian ....................................................................
5
F. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi.......................................................
6
KAJIAN PUSTAKA ......................................................................
7
A. Keterampilan Menulis di Sekolah Dasar (SD) .........................
7
BAB II
B. Teks Deskriptif ......................................................................... 11
C. Tata bahasa Fungsional (Systemic Functional Grammar) ....... 14
D. Kesalahan (Error) dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa....................... 24
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .............................................................. 30
A. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian ................................................... 30
B. Desain Penelitian ...................................................................... 31
C. Metode Penelitian ..................................................................... 32
D. Definisi Operasional ................................................................. 33
E. Instrumen Penelitian ................................................................. 33
F. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ....................................................... 34
G. Teknik Analisis Data ................................................................ 36
vi
BAB IV HASIL DAN ANALISIS DATA PENELITIAN ......................... 40
A. Hasil Penelitian ......................................................................... 40
1.
Analisis Data Hasil Dokumentasi ............................................. 40
2.
Analisis Data Hasil Wawancara ............................................... 71
B. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian .................................................... 76
1.
Struktur Umum Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa Kelas V............ 76
2.
Fitur Bahasa Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa Kelas V ................ 79
3.
Kesalahan Gramatika yang dilakukan Siswa
dalam Menulis Teks Deskriptif ................................................ 81
4.
Penyebab Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa
dalam Menulis Teks Deskriptif ................................................ 90
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................ 93
A. Simpulan ................................................................................... 93
B. Saran ......................................................................................... 94
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 95
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ............................................................................ 98
RIWAYAT HIDUP ........................................................................................ 132
vii
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1 Tipe Relational Process Menurut Halliday (1994) .......................
18
Tabel 2.2 Jenis-jenis Partisipan Berdasarkan Proses yang Digunakan
Menurut Bloor dkk (dalam Siahaan, 2013) ...................................
22
Tabel 3.1 Daftar Judul Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa Kelas V ......................
35
Tabel 4.1 Jenis-jenis Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa pada First Draft
Teks Deskriptif I pada Draf Ke 1 ..................................................
56
Tabel 4.2 Jenis-jenis Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa pada Final Draft
Teks Deskriptif I............................................................................
57
Tabel 4.3 Jenis-jenis Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa pada First Draft
Teks Deskriptif II ..........................................................................
69
Tabel 4.4 Jenis-jenis Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa pada Final Draft
Teks Deskriptif II .........................................................................
70
Tabel 4.5 Struktur Umum Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa ..............................
76
Tabel 4.6 Fitur Bahasa (Linguistic features) Teks deskriptif Karya Siswa...
79
Tabel 4.7 Kesalahan Omission ......................................................................
82
Tabel 4.8 Kesalahan Addition .......................................................................
84
Tabel 4.9 Kesalahan Misformation ...............................................................
86
Tabel 4.10 Kesalahan Misordering .................................................................
88
Tabel 4.11 Presentase Kesalahan Gramatika Siswa
Pada Teks Deskriptif I dan II ........................................................
viii
90
DAFTAR DIAGRAM
Halaman
Diagram 4.1 Kenaikan dan Penurunan Kuantitas Kesalahan Omission .......
83
Diagram 4.2 Kenaikan dan Penurunan Kuantitas Kesalahan Addition ..........
85
Diagram 4.3 Kenaikan dan Penurunan Kuantitas Kesalahan Misformation ..
87
Diagram 4.4 Kenaikan dan Penurunan Kuantitas Kesalahan Misordering.....
89
ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman
Lampiran A
Instrumen Penelitian ...............................................................
98
Lampiran A. 1 Rubrik Penilaian Menulis Teks Deskriptif ............................
99
Lampiran A. 2 Contoh format Analisis struktur Umum Teks Deskriptif .......
101
Lampiran A. 3 Contoh Format Fitur Bahasa Teks Deskriptif.........................
102
Lampiran A. 4 Pedoman Wawancara dengan Guru Bahasa Inggris ...............
103
Lampiran A. 5 Pedoman Wawancara dengan Siswa ......................................
104
Lampiran B
Hasil Data Penelitian...............................................................
105
Lampiran B. 1 Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa ..................................................
106
Lampiran B. 2 Analisis Struktur Umum Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa ..........
112
Lampiran B. 3 Analisis Fitur Bahasa Teks Deskriptif Karya Siswa ...............
114
Lampiran B. 4 Analisis transtivity dan Surface Strategy Taxonomy ..............
115
Lampiran B. 5 Transkrip Hasil Wawancara dengan Guru Bahasa Inggris .....
123
Lampiran B. 6 Transkrip Hasil Wawancara dengan siswa .............................
125
Lampiran C
Dokumentasi ...........................................................................
126
Lampiran C. 1 Foto-foto Penelitian ................................................................
127
Lampiran C. 2 Surat Perizinan Penelitian .......................................................
128
x