Punctuation Discourse markers Dividing the Text
There are a few verbs that commonly occur in travel situations besides the words for go and come. They are given in table 4.3.
Table 4.3. Olo secondary spatial verbs ulsi
‘follow someone’ ingi
‘follow a trail, river, or natural feature’ itipi
‘go down’ unwei
‘go up’ The likelihood of a change being related to an episode boundary is the amount of disjunction be-
tween locations. What is common in Olo narratives is the gradual shift from one location to another. This shift in location can be viewed as a boundary phenomenon. In this analysis, the degree of spatial
change is assigned according to a specific formula. The higher the number, the more likely a change of location has occurred. When a precise location is specified as a location for a significant temporal du-
ration, one of the existential verbs like ratei ‘be, live’ or ato ‘stay temporarily’ are used. This is consis- tent with the setting of a time for a discourse. Clauses with such verbs are given a value of 4 for spatial
location. The next most likely setting of a new location involves arrival at a new place. Clauses that in- volve arrival at a specific place will have one of two verbs, either fale ‘arrive’ or naro ‘come out’. This
clause will be assigned a 3 for spatial location. Motion verbs encode the intermediary step from one place to another; they are part of the boundary between two settings. The use of a pure motion verb e
‘go’ or au ‘come’ or a motion verb involving direction, like itipi ‘go down’ or unwei ‘go up’, are assigned a value of 2. The start of a border involves the leaving of a place. Once a participant has left a place he
is no longer in the same spatial location, but his location has not been specified yet, so inception of travel, if marked, will be given a value of 1. Inception is marked by verbs such usa ‘leave’. In this way I
have attempted to quantify the degree of change from one location to another and look at how firm the boundaries are between the two settings.