D. The Instrument of Research
To collect the data of this research, the writer gave a test to the first grade students of SMA Dua Mei Ciputat. The writer used a guided writing for the test in
order the students know what should be written. Then the students’ assignments are collected by the writer. From this, the writer will know the common errors and
the sources of error made by students in narrative writing focused on simple past tense.
E. Procedures of the Research
The first, the writer prepared the instrument of the test. Second, the writer asked permission to the principal of SMA Dua Mei Ciputat to do the research.
Next, he made a schedule with the English teacher of SMA Dua Mei Ciputat to conduct the test. After collecting the data, the writer analyzed it based on Carl
James’ procedures of error analysis; they are error detection, error location, error description, error classification, and error count.
F. Data Analysis Technique
The technique of data analysis which is used by the writer in this research is qualitative analysis technique which function is to describe and interpret the
result of quantitative data. For getting the quantitative data, it will describe in the table of percentage and formula as follows:
P = F X 100 N
Notes: P: Percentage F: Frequency
N: Number of cases total of frequency
1
1
AnasSudjiono, PengantarStatistikPendidikan, Jakarta: PT. Raja GrafindoPersada, 2005, p.43.
31
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND INTERPRETATION
A. Findings 1. Error Identification
In this section, the writer identified the errors found in the use of Simple Past Tense in narrative text written by the students. The writer presented the
identification of errors in the form of table below:
Table 4.1 Recapitulation of Types of Errors in Narrative Writing Focused on
Simple Past Tense Students
Addition Omission
Misformation Misordering
Student 1 -
2 4
2 Student 2
- 1
4 1
Student 3 -
2 5
- Student 4
1 2
3 -
Student 5 -
2 4
1 Student 6
- -
5 3
Student 7 1
4 5
- Student 8
- 1
4 -
Student 9 -
- 4
1 Student 10
- 4
4 -
Student 11 -
2 5
2 Student 12
- 3
5 -
Student 13 -
1 5
2
Kategori