CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The aims of the research are to find out whether or not and to what extent A Four-Phase T
echnique can improve the students‘ imaginative writing skills, and to describe the changes may happen after implementing A Four-Phase Technique
in the classroom climate. Those are described in Chapter IV which is divided into three sections. Section A relates to the process of the research which describes the
pre-research, section B relates with the implementation of the research, and section C relates with the process of research describes the findings and the
discussion of the findings. The summary of the research is explained in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1. Process of the Research
STEPS DESCRIPTION
PARTICIPANT TECHNIQUES
DATA A. Pre-Research
Surveying the problems of teaching writing
1. Doing Questionnaire
at 7
th
of Jan 2010
Giving students questionnaires about their
a. Learning style b. Self
–concept c. Students’ interests
33 Students Questionnaire
using Likert scale
Questionnaire report
2. Having Teaching
Observation at 14
th
of Jan 2010 Ask colleague S to observe
Teacher researcher to get feedback of the real
problems of teaching writing in class situation
Colleague S 55 years old, an
English Teacher Observation
checklists using
Semantic scale
Observation report in field
notes
3. Interview with Colleague S at
Thursday, 10.15 o’ clock, 21
st
of January 2010
Interviewing Colleague S related with real problems
in teaching writing skills Colleague S
Depth Interview
Interview transcript
B. Research Implementation
to improve S s’
imaginative writing skills change
class situation Cycle stages: 1 planning
the action, 2 implementing the action, 3 observing
the action, and 4 reflecting the observation
1. Planning Stage Cycle 1:March,23
Cycle 2: May, 7 Preparing Lesson plan: the
technique, strategies, activities, tasks, media,
materials, time schedule Cycle 1:
“The Old man
Donkey” Cycle 2: “The
Mysterious Thief”
a Adapting a teaching technique
to overcame students’ problem
A –Four Phase Technique
1 Attention 2 Need
3 Visualization 4 Action
Teacher Document
analysis A teaching
technique integrated in
Lesson plan
1 Strategies a Shared writing
b Guided writing c Interactive writing
d Independent writing a Teacher
b Students Document
analysis Strategies of
writing integrated in Lesson plan
2 Activities a Oral Composition
b Sentence Writing cCooperative Writing
d Written Composition a Teacher
b Students Document
analysis Activities of
working models integrated in
Lesson plan
3 Tasks a task 1: Preview the story
b task 2: Understanding the story
c task 3. Chain Story d task 4: Understanding
word groups e task 5: Sentence
buildings f task 6: Sentence writing
g task 7: Story reconstruction
h task 8: Story writing a Teacher
b Students Document
analysis Kinds of tasks
integrated in Lesson plan by
using media of 1 pictures and
2 instrumental
music
b. Preparing for the Action stage
Cycle 1: March, 24 Cycle 2: May, 10
1 Camera, 2 Timetable schedule, and
3 Everything related to the action
Teacher Document
analysis Timetable teach
schedules
2. Action Stage a. Cycle 1:
1 1
st
meet: April 8 2 2
nd
meet: Apr 15 3 3
rd
meet: Apr 22 4 4
th
meet: Apr 29 b. Cycle 2:
1 1
st
meet: May13 2 2
nd
meet:May20 3 3
rd
meet:May 27 4 4
th
meet:June10 a. Implementing the action
in four meetings 1 Attention phase 2x
45’1
st
meet 2 Need phase 2x45’2
nd
meet 3 Visualization phase
2x45’ 3
rd
meet 4 Action phase
2x45’ 4
th
meet Researcher as
teacher Document
analysis of 1 Ss’ works of
Sentence writing
2 Ss’ records of Story
reconstruction 3 Ss’ drafts of
Story writing 1 1
st
draft of writing
2 2
nd
draft of writing
3 Final draft of writing
3. Observation Stage
a. Cycle 1: 1 1
st
meet: Apr 8 2 2
nd
meet: Apr 15 3 3
rd
meet: Apr 22 4 4
th
meet: Apr 29 b. Cycle 2:
1 1
st
meet: May13 2 2
nd
meet:May20 3 3
rd
meet: May27 4 4
th
meet:June10 a. Being observed by
colleague b. Observe visual records
a. Colleague b. Teacher
a. Participatory Observation
b. Photo document
analysis a. Observation
checklists b. Field notes
4. Reflection Stage a. Reveal the deficiency of a. Teacher
a. Portfolio test a. Ss test scores
Cycle 1: May 6, 2010
Cycle 2: June 17, 2010
the teaching technique by analyzing portfolio
tests b. Collect the students’
comments. c. Share opinions to assess
the over-all teaching technique.
b. Students c. Colleague
results and analysis
b. Questionnaire c. Interview
b. Questionnaire reports
c. Colleagues’ comments in
Interview transcript
5. Post-Research a. identify the improvement
change after using A Four-Phase Technique
b. Revise the lesson plan Teacher
Document Analysis
a. lists of improvement s
and change b. Final draft of
Lesson plan
C. Research Findings and
Kategori