9 expressed as the needs to be more special. The examples are morality, creativity,
spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, and acceptance of facts Maslow, 1984, p. 52.
There are five basic hierarchy needs of motivation according to Maslow 1984:
Figure 2.2 Mas low‟s Hierarchy of Human Needs 1984.
2. Clinical Psychology
It is concerned with the study of abnormal behavior, with the measurements and diagnosis of mental disorder, and with the treatment of
disturbed individuals. Related to the psychology, there is one kind of psychology
called abnormal psychology. It is the study of mental disorder also called mental PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
10 illness, psychological disorders or psychopathology, what they look like
symptoms, why they occur etiology, how they are maintained, and what effect they have on people‟s lives. There are some theories that related to this type of
psychology. They are theories of behavior and masturbation. 1. Theories of Behavior
Human behavior of any sort can be fully understood only in terms of the social context in which it developed and in which it functions Vinacke, 1948 as
cited in General Psychology by Lewis R. Aiken 1969. According to Bandura 1974, behavior is influenced by its consequences much of the time. According to
McCelland, “Motives as the reason for abnormal behavior”. It makes sense if behavior is jointly determined by motives, skills or habit, and values or cognitive
schemes McClelland, 1985. Abnormal behavior typically measures specific characteristics of people, such as personality traits and ways of behaving and the
distribution of the characteristics in the population Davison Neale, 1996.
Normal behavior is a relative matter; it is that behavior which characterizes most people within a given cultural group. “Abnormal”
behavior is extreme deviation from a given average point in terms of a defined variable or group of variables Vinacke, 1948 s cited in General
Psychology by Lewis R. Aiken 1969.
It is commonly held that person who has poor interpersonal relations, displays socially inappropriate behavior, and who has no socially acceptable goal
is abnormal. Based on Kinsey 1948, the term abnormal is applied in medical pathology to conditions which interfere with physical well-being for a living
body. In a social sense, the term might apply to sexual activities which cause PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
