1. Set goals, topics, and general purposes
By setting the goals, topics, and general purposes, the researcher knows what to accomplish in teaching each topic.
2. Know the students’ characteristics
In this second step, before designing the speaking materials, the researcher would like to know the factors that will affe
ct the students’ learning process.
3. Set the learning objectives
In this step, the students will know what performance and achievement levels are to be expected throughout the learning.
4. List the subject content
In the fourth step, the researcher will list what specifically must be learned or taught in each topic, the facts that are related, and the steps that are involved in
necessary procedures relating in each topic.
5. Select teachinglearning activities
The researcher will select the most efficient and effective activities and materials that will utilize the content associated with each objective.
In doing these five steps, the researcher would revised every each step in order to understand what needs to be improved in each step.
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the researcher explains about the research method, research setting, research participants, research instrument and data gathering technique,
data analysis technique, and research procedure.
A. Research Method
There are two objectives that were set by the researcher while doing the research. The first objective was to design a set of speaking materials by using jazz
chants for the English club of the grade eight students of SMP Pangudi Luhur 1 Yogyakarta. The second objective was to present the designed English speaking
materials. The researcher used Research and Development RD and adopted
Kemp’s model of instructional design. According to Borg and Gall 1983, educational research and development RD is a process used to develop and
validate educational products. There are ten major steps in RD Borg and Gall, 1983. They are research and information collecting, planning, develop preliminary
form of product, preliminary field testing, main product revision, main field testing, operational product revision, operational field testing, final product revision, and
dissemination and implementation. The cycle of the Research and Development cycle by Borg and Gall is shown in figure 3.1.
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