two-sided two-sided 움 .05 one-tailed; 움 .10 two-tailed n

Appendix 1119 TABLE 11 Percentage points for Dunnett’s test: d 움 k, continued ␣ ⴝ

0.05 two-sided

␯ k ⴝ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 20 5 3.03 3.29 3.48 3.62 3.73 3.82 3.90 3.97 4.03 4.09 4.14 4.26 4.42 6 2.86 3.10 3.26 3.39 3.49 3.57 3.64 3.71 3.76 3.81 3.86 3.97 4.11 7 2.75 2.97 3.12 3.24 3.33 3.41 3.47 3.53 3.58 3.63 3.67 3.78 3.91 8 2.67 2.88 3.02 3.13 3.22 3.29 3.35 3.41 3.46 3.50 3.54 3.64 3.76 9 2.61 2.81 2.95 3.05 3.14 3.20 3.26 3.32 3.36 3.40 3.44 3.53 3.65 10 2.57 2.76 2.89 2.99 3.07 3.14 3.19 3.24 3.29 3.33 3.36 3.45 3.57 11 2.53 2.72 2.84 2.94 3.02 3.08 3.14 3.19 3.23 3.27 3.30 3.39 3.50 12 2.50 2.68 2.81 2.90 2.98 3.04 3.09 3.14 3.18 3.22 3.25 3.34 3.45 13 2.48 2.65 2.78 2.87 2.94 3.00 3.06 3.10 3.14 3.18 3.21 3.29 3.40 14 2.46 2.63 2.75 2.84 2.91 2.97 3.02 3.07 3.11 3.14 3.18 3.26 3.36 15 2.44 2.61 2.73 2.82 2.89 2.95 3.00 3.04 3.08 3.12 3.15 3.23 3.33 16 2.42 2.59 2.71 2.80 2.87 2.92 2.97 3.02 3.06 3.09 3.12 3.20 3.30 17 2.41 2.58 2.69 2.78 2.85 2.90 2.95 3.00 3.03 3.07 3.10 3.18 3.27 18 2.40 2.56 2.68 2.76 2.83 2.89 2.94 2.98 3.01 3.05 3.08 3.16 3.25 19 2.39 2.55 2.66 2.75 2.81 2.87 2.92 2.96 3.00 3.03 3.06 3.14 3.23 20 2.38 2.54 2.65 2.73 2.80 2.86 2.90 2.95 2.98 3.02 3.05 3.12 3.22 24 2.35 2.51 2.61 2.70 2.76 2.81 2.86 2.90 2.94 2.97 3.00 3.07 3.16 30 2.32 2.47 2.58 2.66 2.72 2.77 2.82 2.86 2.89 2.92 2.95 3.02 3.11 40 2.29 2.44 2.54 2.62 2.68 2.73 2.77 2.81 2.85 2.87 2.90 2.97 3.06 60 2.27 2.41 2.51 2.58 2.64 2.69 2.73 2.77 2.80 2.83 2.86 2.92 3.00 120 2.24 2.38 2.47 2.55 2.60 2.65 2.69 2.73 2.76 2.79 2.81 2.87 2.95 앝 2.21 2.35 2.44 2.51 2.57 2.61 2.65 2.69 2.72 2.74 2.77 2.83 2.91 1120 Appendix TABLE 11 Percentage points for Dunnett’s test: d 움 k, continued ␣ ⴝ

0.01 two-sided

␯ k ⴝ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 20 5 4.63 4.98 5.22 5.41 5.56 5.69 5.80 5.89 5.98 6.05 6.12 6.30 6.52 6 4.21 4.51 4.71 4.87 5.00 5.10 5.20 5.28 5.35 5.41 5.47 5.62 5.81 7 3.95 4.21 4.39 4.53 4.64 4.74 4.82 4.89 4.95 5.01 5.06 5.19 5.36 8 3.77 4.00 4.17 4.29 4.40 4.48 4.56 4.62 4.68 4.73 4.78 4.90 5.05 9 3.63 3.85 4.01 4.12 4.22 4.30 4.37 4.43 4.48 4.53 4.57 4.68 4.82 10 3.53 3.74 3.88 3.99 4.08 4.16 4.22 4.28 4.33 4.37 4.42 4.52 4.65 11 3.45 3.65 3.79 3.89 3.98 4.05 4.11 4.16 4.21 4.25 4.29 4.39 4.52 12 3.39 3.58 3.71 3.81 3.89 3.96 4.02 4.07 4.12 4.16 4.19 4.29 4.41 13 3.33 3.52 3.65 3.74 3.82 3.89 3.94 3.99 4.04 4.08 4.11 4.20 4.32 14 3.29 3.47 3.59 3.69 3.76 3.83 3.88 3.93 3.97 4.01 4.05 4.13 4.24 15 3.25 3.43 3.55 3.64 3.71 3.78 3.83 3.88 3.92 3.95 3.99 4.07 4.18 16 3.22 3.39 3.51 3.60 3.67 3.73 3.78 3.83 3.87 3.91 3.94 4.02 4.13 17 3.19 3.36 3.47 3.56 3.63 3.69 3.74 3.79 3.83 3.86 3.90 3.98 4.08 18 3.17 3.33 3.44 3.53 3.60 3.66 3.71 3.75 3.79 3.83 3.86 3.94 4.04 19 3.15 3.31 3.42 3.50 3.57 3.63 3.68 3.72 3.76 3.79 3.83 3.90 4.00 20 3.13 3.29 3.40 3.48 3.55 3.60 3.65 3.69 3.73 3.77 3.80 3.87 3.97 24 3.07 3.22 3.32 3.40 3.47 3.52 3.57 3.61 3.64 3.68 3.70 3.78 3.87 30 3.01 3.15 3.25 3.33 3.39 3.44 3.49 3.52 3.56 3.59 3.62 3.69 3.78 40 2.95 3.09 3.19 3.26 3.32 3.37 3.41 3.44 3.48 3.51 3.53 3.60 3.68 60 2.90 3.03 3.12 3.19 3.25 3.29 3.33 3.37 3.40 3.42 3.45 3.51 3.59 120 2.85 2.97 3.06 3.12 3.18 3.22 3.26 3.29 3.32 3.35 3.37 3.43 3.51 앝 2.79 2.92 3.00 3.06 3.11 3.15 3.19 3.22 3.25 3.27 3.29 3.35 3.42 Appendix 1121 TABLE 12 Percentage points of F max s 2 max s 2 min Upper 5 Points t df 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 39.0 87.5 142 202 266 333 403 475 550 626 704 3 15.4 27.8 39.2 50.7 62.0 72.9 83.5 93.9 104 114 124 4 9.60 15.5 20.6 25.2 29.5 33.6 37.5 41.1 44.6 48.0 51.4 5 7.15 10.8 13.7 16.3 18.7 20.8 22.9 24.7 26.5 28.2 29.9 6 5.82 8.38 10.4 12.1 13.7 15.0 16.3 17.5 18.6 19.7 20.7 7 4.99 6.94 8.44 9.70 10.8 11.8 12.7 13.5 14.3 15.1 15.8 8 4.43 6.00 7.18 8.12 9.03 9.78 10.5 11.1 11.7 12.2 12.7 9 4.03 5.34 6.31 7.11 7.80 8.41 8.95 9.45 9.91 10.3 10.7 10 3.72 4.85 5.67 6.34 6.92 7.42 7.87 8.28 8.66 9.01 9.34 12 3.28 4.16 4.79 5.30 5.72 6.09 6.42 6.72 7.00 7.25 7.48 15 2.86 3.54 4.01 4.37 4.68 4.95 5.19 5.40 5.59 5.77 5.93 20 2.46 2.95 3.29 3.54 3.76 3.94 4.10 4.24 4.37 4.49 4.59 30 2.07 2.40 2.61 2.78 2.91 3.02 3.12 3.21 3.29 3.36 3.39 60 1.67 1.85 1.96 2.04 2.11 2.17 2.22 2.26 2.30 2.33 2.36 앝 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Upper 1 Points t df 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 199 448 729 1036 1362 1705 2063 2432 2813 3204 3605 3 47.5 85 120 151 184 216 249 281 310 337 361 4 23.2 37 49 59 69 79 89 97 106 113 120 5 14.9 22 28 33 38 42 46 50 54 57 60 6 11.1 15.5 19.1 22 25 27 30 32 34 36 37 7 8.89 12.1 14.5 16.5 18.4 20 22 23 24 26 27 8 7.50 9.9 11.7 13.2 14.5 15.8 16.6 17.9 18.9 19.8 21 9 6.54 8.5 9.9 11.1 12.1 13.1 13.9 14.7 15.3 16.0 16.6 10 5.85 7.4 8.6 9.6 10.4 11.1 11.8 12.4 12.9 13.4 13.9 12 4.91 6.1 6.9 7.6 8.2 8.7 9.1 9.5 9.9 10.2 10.6 15 4.07 4.9 5.5 6.0 6.4 6.7 7.1 7.3 7.5 7.8 8.0 20 3.32 3.8 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.8 5.9 30 2.63 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 60 1.96

2.2 2.3

2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 앝 1.00 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 s 2 max is the largest and s 2 min the smallest in a set of t independent mean squares, each based on df 2 n 1 degrees of free- dom. Values in the column t 2 and in the rows df 2 2 and 앝 are exact. Elsewhere, the third digit may be in error by a few units for the 5 points and several units for the 1 points. The third-digit figures in parentheses for df 2 3 are the most uncertain. From Biometrika Tables for Statisticians, 3rd ed., Vol. 1, edited by E. S. Pearson and H. O. Hartley New York: Cambridge University Press, 1966, Table, p. 202. Reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees. 1122 Appendix TABLE 13 Random numbers Line Col. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 10480 15011 01536 02011 81647 91646 69179 14194 62590 36207 20969 99570 91291 90700 2 22368 46573 25595 85393 30995 89198 27982 53402 93965 34095 52666 19174 39615 99505 3 24130 48360 22527 97265 76393 64809 15179 24830 49340 32081 30680 19655 63348 58629 4 42167 93093 06243 61680 07856 16376 39440 53537 71341 57004 00849 74917 97758 16379 5 37570 39975 81837 16656 06121 91782 60468 81305 49684 60672 14110 06927 01263 54613 6 77921 06907 11008 42751 27756 53498 18602 70659 90655 15053 21916 81825 44394 42880 7 99562 72905 56420 69994 98872 31016 71194 18738 44013 48840 63213 21069 10634 12952 8 96301 91977 05463 07972 18876 20922 94595 56869 69014 60045 18425 84903 42508 32307 9 89579 14342 63661 10281 17453 18103 57740 84378 25331 12566 58678 44947 05585 56941 10 85475 36857 53342 53988 53060 59533 38867 62300 08158 17983 16439 11458 18593 64952 11 28918 69578 88231 33276 70997 79936 56865 05859 90106 31595 01547 85590 91610 78188 12 63553 40961 48235 03427 49626 69445 18663 72695 52180 20847 12234 90511 33703 90322 13 09429 93969 52636 92737 88974 33488 36320 17617 30015 08272 84115 27156 30613 74952 14 10365 61129 87529 85689 48237 52267 67689 93394 01511 26358 85104 20285 29975 89868 15 07119 97336 71048 08178 77233 13916 47564 81056 97735 85977 29372 74461 28551 90707 16 51085 12765 51821 51259 77452 16308 60756 92144 49442 53900 70960 63990 75601 40719 17 02368 21382 52404 60268 89368 19885 55322 44819 01188 65255 64835 44919 05944 55157 18 01011 54092 33362 94904 31273 04146 18594 29852 71585 85030 51132 01915 92747 64951 19 52162 53916 46369 58586 23216 14513 83149 98736 23495 64350 94738 17752 35156 35749 20 07056 97628 33787 09998 42698 06691 76988 13602 51851 46104 88916 19509 25625 58104 21 48663 91245 85828 14346 09172 30168 90229 04734 59193 22178 30421 61666 99904 32812 22 54164 58492 22421 74103 47070 25306 76468 26384 58151 06646 21524 15227 96909 44592 23 32639 32363 05597 24200 13363 38005 94342 28728 35806 06912 17012 64161 18296 22851 24 29334 27001 87637 87308 58731 00256 45834 15398 46557 41135 10367 07684 36188 18510 25 02488 33062 28834 07351 19731 92420 60952 61280 50001 67658 32586 86679 50720 94953 Abridged from William H. Beyer, ed., Handbook of Tables for Probability and Statistics, 2nd ed.  The Chemical Rubber Co., 1968. Used by permission of CRC Press, Inc. Appendix 1123 TABLE 14 Power of the analysis of variance test 움 ⫽ .05, t ⫽ 3 1 2 3 4 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 v 1 = 2 6 7 8 10 15 30 ⬁ v 2 = 60 20 12 30 15 10 9 8 7 6 ⬁ Po wer = 1— ␤ ␾ Power of the analysis of variance test 움 ⫽ .05, t ⫽ 4 1 2 3 4 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 v 1 = 3 6 7 8 10 15 30 ⬁ v 2 = 60 30 20 15 12 10 9 8 7 6 ⬁ Po wer = 1— ␤ ␾ 1124 Appendix TABLE 14 Power of the analysis of variance test 움 ⫽ .05, t ⫽ 5 1 2 3 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 v 1 = 4 6 7 8 9 10 15 30 ⬁ v 2 = 60 20 12 30 15 10 9 8 7 6 ⬁ Po wer = 1 — ␤ ␾ Power of the analysis of variance test 움 ⫽ .05, t ⫽ 6 1 2 3 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 v 1 = 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 30 ⬁ v 2 = 60 20 12 30 15 10 9 8 7 6 ⬁ Po wer = 1— ␤ ␾ Appendix 1125 TABLE 14 Power of the analysis of variance test 움 ⫽ .05, t ⫽ 7 1 2 3 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 v 1 = 6 6 7 8 10 15 30 ⬁ v 2 = 60 20 12 30 15 10 9 8 7 6 ⬁ Po wer = 1 — ␤ ␾ 9 Power of the analysis of variance test 움 ⫽ .05, t ⫽ 8 1 2 3 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 v 1 = 7 6 8 10 12 15 30 20 60 ⬁ v 2 = 60 20 12 30 15 10 9 8 7 6 ⬁ Po wer = 1 — ␤ ␾ 9 7 1126 Appendix TABLE 14 Power of the analysis of variance test 움 ⫽ .05, t ⫽ 9 1 2 3 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 v 1 = 8 6 7 8 9 10 15 12 30 ⬁ v 2 = 60 20 12 30 15 10 9 8 7 6 ⬁ Po wer = 1 — ␤ ␾ 20 60 Appendix 1127 TABLE 15 Poisson probabilities 애 between .1 and 4.0 ␮ y .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1.0 .9048 .8187 .7408 .6703 .6065 .5488 .4966 .4493 .4066 .3679 1 .0905 .1637 .2222 .2681 .3033 .3293 .3476 .3595 .3659 .3679 2 .0045 .0164 .0333 .0536 .0758 .0988 .1217 .1438 .1647 .1839 3 .0002 .0011 .0033 .0072 .0126 .0198 .0284 .0383 .0494 .0613 4 .0000 .0001 .0003 .0007 .0016 .0030 .0050 .0077 .0111 .0153 5 .0000 .0000 .0000 .0001 .0002 .0004 .0007 .0012 .0020 .0031 6 .0000 .0000 .0000 .0000 .0000 .0000 .0001 .0002 .0003 .0005 ␮ y 1.1

1.2 1.3