27 students could improve on their writing abilities. This is the main aim of action
research. According to Suparno 2008, the main aim of action research is to make a change or improve on an education pratice which is observed directly.
Therefore, when the researcher found the students‟ problem in class, she used action research to solve the problems p. 17.
a. The definition of classroom action research
According to Mills 2011, Action research is defined as any systematic inquiry conducted by
teachers, administrators, counselors, or others with a vested interest in the teaching and learning process or environment for the purpose of gathering
information about how their particular schools operate, how they teach, and how their students learn as cited in Suparno, 2008, p.55.
It means that when a teacher finds a problem in the teaching activities, the teacher can give the solutions for his or her students through conducting
classroom action research. The most important thing is the action. The teacher should conduct the action to solve the students‟ problem.
There are four basic process to conduct action research. According to Mills 2011, they are identifying an area of focus, collecting data, analyzing and
interpreting the data, and developing a plan of action. The basic process is developed into some classroom action research models created by some experts.
Johnson 2005, Mills 2007, Tomal 2003 state that there are six simple process of action research as cited in Suparno, 2008, p.56. They are:
1. Asking questions, identification of the problem
2. Deciding the data which will be collected
3. Collecting and analyzing the data
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4. Planning the nect action
5. Conducting the action
6. Evaluationnand follow up
b. Models of Action Research
There are some models of action research. The researcher conducted her research using Riel‟s 2007 action research. This model is commonly called by
progressive problem solving through action research model. This is the picture of
the model:
Picture 2.2 The picture of Riel’s action research
In Riel‟s 2007, p. 3 model, one cycle consists of four stages. They are : 1.
Studying the problem and planning the action 2.
Taking the action
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3. Collecting and analyzing evidence
4. Reflecting
The researcher conducted this researcher in several cycles. It depended on the students‟ improvement.
In each stage of the cycle, the researcher conducted the activities using the genre based approach. Therefore, in the planning stage, she planned the activities
for building the context, modeling of the text, joint construction of the text. and independent construction of the text. The researcher also conducted those steps in
action, collecting and analyzing the data, and reflection.
B. Theoritical Framework
In EFL classroom, the students learn English through listening, speaking, reading, and writing. All of the skills above are very important for them to master
English as the language to communicate in the global era. Students should have good abilities in writing because in the global era people share and communicate
their ideas through global digital network who depend on the good writing ability. They do not communicate face to face but they communicate by writing.
When the researcher conducted the preliminary study, the students were learning the recount text. They had several problems in writing a recount text.
The results were unsatisfied enough. All of them could not pass the minimum passing grade, 70. Their writing abilities were very poor. They could not make a
recount text in English properly, even make a sentence properly. Then, the researcher conducted interviews, observation, and distributed questionnaires to
