CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Analysis
The word ‘literature’ derives from the Latin ‘letter’ which primarily refers to the written or printed words. It might be based on this idea that even today we
still often think of literature almost exclusively as written expression. The word ‘literature’ is also frequently used in very general sense of the
word to refer to the whole body of writing in a culture,regardless of its purpose. Literature sprang up from imaginative mind of people who had talent to create
stories.They perceived what was happening arround them from a natural phenomena to the lives of the people in their community.The eruption of a
volcano,earthquake,war might have become the source of stories. A writer can make a story from the incidents he had seen or feel and organized a series of
related incidents into a plot and produced a literary work,such as; novel,drama or poetry.
Wellek and Austin Warren 1977:25 stated there are three genres of literary work,these genres originated from lyrics,epic and drama. As Literary
genre developed,lyric developed into poetry,epic developed into prose and only drama has retainded its own name.
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Novel as a genre of fiction can be defined as: “a work of prose fiction,usually an extended narrative that tells a story or uses incidents to
dramatize human experience and individual characters” Grambs,1925: 93. A novel can be analyzed in several points of view. It can be analyzed
from the moral,social and religious point of view. Moral has a close relationship with character, because moral is reflected by character. Character is the element of
prose and moral actually is one of four levels of characterization.These four levels are; physical,social,psychological and moral. These levels help us to see the
very basic description of characters. Moral derives from the Latin ‘mos’ which means attitude and habits. This
attitude based on the determination of right and wrong. Values means standard that used to define something and regarded as a conventional. In other word,
moral values is standard of attitude that based on the determination of right and wrong which regarded by those who make the standart of moral.
In “To Kill A Mocking Bird” there are underestimate,slander and color skin prejudice. These moral values can defect social system and break human
interaction which caused human’s social degradation.That is the main reason why I interested in analyzing this novel as my analysis.
Finally, I hope this analysis will give the knowledge about moral values that found in this novel because literary work especially novel can give moral
values for the readers.
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1.2 Statement Of Analysis
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