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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research of methodology which is consist of the place and the time, the method, the population, the sample of the research,
technique of data collecting and also technique of data analysis.
A. The Research Methodology
1. The Place and Time of the Research
The writer did the research at MTs Negeri Parung which is located on Jl. Raya Lebak Wangi, Parung- Bogor. The research was carried on May 6
th
– may 20
th
2011.
2. The Method of the Research
In this research, the writer used descriptive analysis method and used the procedures of errors analysis itself. This method is purposed to analyze the
students’ errors by interviewing and giving them the test to collect the data. Next, it involved accumulating, analyzing, and classifying data with various
techniques, also interpreting data. On the final step, the writer had to conclude the result of research.
3. The Population and Sample
The population of this research was the second grade students of MTs Negeri Parung Bogor. There are 193 students which are divided into five
classes; VIII-1, VIII-2, VIII-3, VIII-4, and VIII-5. The writer used purposive
sampling, in which she chose VIII-2 class as the sample of this research. There are 40 students.
4. The Technique of Data Collecting
In collecting the data, the writer used two techniques; they are test and interview.
a. The test
The writer gave the test to know the frequency of errors in using modal auxiliaries
can and may. The test which consisted of 30 items. There are 20 questions of multiple choices and 10 questions of fill in
the blank. The test was divided into two parts, 15 items were about the meaning and the function of modal auxiliary
can and may. And the tests were about the verb which could be used in modal auxiliaries
sentence or called the form of modal auxiliaries. The distribution of test could be seen in the table below.
Table 3.1 Modal Auxiliaries and the number of each items.
No. Modal Auxiliaries
Number of item
1. Can
8 2.
May 7
3. Form
15
Total 30 items
The form here is meant the verb could be used in modal auxiliaries can and may sentence or the sentence pattern of modal auxiliaries.
b. Interview
The writer did interview to some students who got bad and good score in order to know the reasons why students make errors in using modal
auxiliaries especially can and may. She took 20 students of class VIII-
2 to interview which are about 50 of the sample. For the reinforcing the data, she also interviewed the English teacher. The instrument for
interview is questioners.