Previous Research THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter will explain the hierarchy of needs theory developed by Abraham Harold Maslow. The theory is used to analyze the main character Hassan Iqbal Kadam in The Hundred-Foot Journey film how he fulfills the needs. Thus, the research will be supported by characterization theory in order to strengthen the analysis and to find the needs.

A. Previous Research

There is no previous research about The Hundred-Foot Journey film before. However, there are two researches contain and discuss the hierarchy of needs theory by Abraham H. Maslow. The first research is written by Febry Indah Sari entitled “A Main Character Analysis of My Sister’s Keeper Movie using Hierarchy of Human Needs of Abraham H. Maslow’s Theory” in 2011 at State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. The second research is written by Erlina Pranistiasari entitled “Shopping Behavior as The Reflection of The Hierarchy of Human Needs on The Main Character in The Film Confessions of Shopaholic ” in 2011 at State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. The first research discusses about the main character characteristics that in turns influenced her in fulfilling her needs. This research reveals the needs of the main character and focuses on the three needs, they are; physiological needs, safety needs, and love and belongingness needs. This research concludes that the main character can fulfill all of the three needs. The second research discusses about the main character and her shopping behavior reflects the hierarchy of needs. Then, this research identifies that the character’s characteristic and her shopping behavior influence the main character attitude in fulfilling her needs. After identifying, this research concludes that the main character in this film can fulfill all the five level of needs and the shopping behavior on the main character reflects the needs of esteem and self-actualization needs. Both research explains that the main characteristic or motivation of the main character influence them to fulfill the needs. Then, they use the theory of hierarchy of needs to identify the needs that not fully satisfied. The differences between this research and the previous are the object and the discussion in the research. The first one discusses the main character reflects the three needs from hierarchy of needs and the second discusses the main character reflect the five level of hierarchy of needs, which both of them use the same theory developed by Abraham H. Maslow in the work. This research is different from two previous researches above. Although this research uses the same theory, but the object of the research is different and also the research question.

B. Character and Characterization