24 polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, PVB,silicone, and many
more.Wikipedia 2009
2.10 Epoxy
Epoxy or polyepoxide is a thermosetting polymer formed from reaction of an epoxide resin with polyamine hardener. Epoxy has a wide range of
applications, including fiber-reinforced plastic materials and general purpose adhesives.
2.11 Chemistry of Epoxy
Epoxy is a copolymer; that is, it is formed from two different chemicals. These are referred to as the resin and the hardener. The resin consists of monomers or short
chain polymers with an epoxide group at either end. Most common epoxy resins are produced from a reaction between epichlorohydrin and bisphenol-A, though the latter
may be replaced by similar chemicals. The hardener consists of polyamine monomers, for example Triethylenetetramine TETA. When these compounds are
mixed together, the amine groups react with the epoxide groups to form a covalent bond. Each NH group can react with an epoxide group, so that the resulting polymer
is heavily crosslinked, and is thus rigid and strong. The process of polymerization is called curing, and can be controlled through
temperature, choice of resin and hardener compounds, and the ratio of said compounds; the process can take minutes to hours. Some formulations benefit from
heating during the cure period, whereas others simply require time, and ambient temperatures.
Figure 2.8 : Structure of unmodified epoxy prepolymer resin
25
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
Methodology means to describe on the overall processes and component that involved in the whole scope of the study to achieve the objective of the study. This
includes raw material characterization, sample preparation, mechanical testing, and analysis of the result obtained. The purpose of having a methodology is some of
system of broad rules from which specific method and procedure to make sure this report complete.
3.2 Flow Chart of Methodology
This project is start from preparing of sample by adding the epoxy resin with recycle rubber with ratio 1 : 0.4. The material were stir using mechanical stirrer at speed
500rpm until it mixed. After that nano CaCO
3
powder will added with 5 different weight percent 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8.. The nano-CaCO
3
powder was added and mixed using the mechanical stirrer mill at speed 500 rpm for another 5 min. Then the
hardener were added in the same manner, at speed 500 rpm for 5 min. After the mixture is prepared, this mixture will poured into the mould and then wait about 5
hour until it cured. Then the sample will cured inside the furnace and be heated at 140 °C for 1 hour . The resultant nano CaCO
3
+ epoxy composite reinforced recycle rubber of about 3 mm in thickness. After that, the mechanical properties of samples
will analysis using Shimadzu Universal Tensile Machine AG-1, Scanning Electron
Microscope SEM, impact test and microhardness test.
.
26
Figure 3.1 : Process Flow Chart
Start
Epoxy resin + Recycle Rubber Mixing using mechanical stirrer
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