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E. The Procedure of Action Research
The research procedure consists of four steps that form one cycle. They are as follows:
1. Planning
Before implementing the action research, the researcher conducted pre- research observation. The researcher observed directly teaching learning process
conducted by the English teacher. She also interviewed the teacher and students to know the condition of the students in learning English. From the interview and
observation of pre-observation, it was found some problems dealing with students’ vocabulary mastery. First, the students have difficulty to remember the
words and its meaning. Second, the students have difficulty to write the word correctly. Third they have bad pronunciation. Besides, they were not interest in
following teaching learning process. To overcome the problems the researcher planed teaching by using realia.
commit to user The researcher conducted a pre-test and post-test. Thepre-test was aimed
to know the students’ existing knowledge about English vocabulary. The post test was aimed to know the improvement of students’ vocabulary mastery after
conducting the action. The test was conducted in the end of each cycle.The pre- test and post-test were compared to know the improvement before and after the
implementation of the action. The tests were objective test in form of multiple choices and short answers test.
Next, the researcher made lesson plans. The researcher discussed with the English teacher about the material that would be implemented in the class. The
researcher chose topic ‘Shape’ and ‘Things in the Classroom’. Then she designed the activities that would be implemented in the class. Besides, the researcher
prepared the teaching aids namely geometrically-cut paper and some real objects such as ball, coin money, color pencil, chalk box and some objects available in the
classroom. She also prepared student’s list, observation sheet and digital camera to document the teaching and learning process.
2. Implementing the action
In this step the researcher implemented the technique in the class. The researcher involved herself directly in the class as teacher. The researcher as the
teacher implemented the teaching learning activities using realia to present new vocabulary based on the lesson material and procedures of teaching which have
been arranged in the lesson plan. In implementing the action, the researcher did some activities; they were
presenting the topic, giving task and evaluation.
a. Presenting the topic
The researcher presented one topicin each cycle. The presentation covered sound meaning referring introducing the new words and its meaning and
pronounce the words, simple grammar focus and illustrative sentence. The researcher used textbook and teaching aids dealing with the topic.
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b. Giving task
The researcher gave the students some task. The task refers to activities that should be done by the students while the teacher presented the material. They
are activities such as discussion, practices, exercise and homework.
c. Evaluation
Besides gave exercise in some meeting to depth the students understanding, the researcher gave two kinds of test namely pre-test and post-test. Pre-test and
post-test were given in every cycle. The pre-test was conducted before the action and post-test was conducted after the action.
3. Observation
The researcher observed the teaching and learning process. The researcher observed all activities in the classroom during the teaching and
learning process. The researcher noted events happened in the classroom on a field note which was made in every meeting
. She also recorded the students’
response during the implementation of action and documented some events of teaching learning activities using camera. It was aimed to support the written data.
4. Reflection
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