c. To be used as a reference by the reader in understanding the
work of William Faulkner.
F. Approach
The researcher applies intertextuality theory of Julia Kristeva and Michael Riffaterre to find the “red line” that relates this two works. Kristeva
argues, “A work can only be read in connection with or against other texts, which provide a grid through which it is read and structured by establishing
expectations which enable one to pick out salient features and give them a structure” Kristeva in Culler, 1981: 139. Intertextual study leads us to
consider the prior texts as contribution to a code. Riffaterre theory of Intertextual is used in this research to find the
hypogram and the matrix of the works. “Hypogram is a word or phrase, which is poeticized when it refers to and, if a phrase, patterns itself upon a
preexistent word group. The hypogram is already a system of signs comprising at least a predication, and it may be as large as a text”
Riffaterre, 1978: 23. “Teks sastra yang menjadi latar penciptaan karya sastra lain oleh Riffaterre disebut hipogram
” Rachmat Djoko Pradopo, 1995: 179. Meanwhile, “matrix is stated in the form ordinary statement,
cliché, quotation, or conventional association. Matrix appears as a final word or comprehensive answer from the series of reading and contemplating
those texts” Sri Wijayanti, 2004: 93. Riffaterre also suggests the textual interpretant to analyze a work
based on intertextual approach. Here, textual interpretant is a bridge that
connects the story of King David and Absalom, Absalom Textual interpretant finds the text or story that is alluded in the other texts.
G. Research Methodology
1. Type of Research
This research is a library research, which is based on the sources from documents or written material. This research is also a descriptive
comparative method. By comparing the intrinsic elements of King David story to Absalom, Absalom the research reveals the intertextual relation
between King David story and Thomas Sutpen story. According to Arikunto “in comparative study, similarities and differences among things,
procedures, ideas, communities will be found. In other words, the research compares
data with
others to
know the
similarities and differences of the objects, which are analyzed” Arikunto in Sri Wijayanti, 2004.
2. Data and Data resources
The data of this research are divided into two groups, those are: 1 Main Data
The primary data were taken from the text of the novel Absalom Absalom
by William Faulkner and King David story in the book of Samuel in the Bible. It includes the intrinsic
parts of them, such as story, characters, theme, etc. All were related to the problem formulation.
2 Supporting Data Supporting data were taken from the theory of
literature, criticism, Internet data, and other books or relevant information that supports the primary data.
3. Data Collecting Technique
Data were collected by attempting close reading to the novel Absalom,
Absalom by William Faulkner, King David story in the book of Samuel in
the Bible as the main data and other sources as supporting data. From the understanding of the novel and those sources, data were collected related to
the object of analysis.
H. Thesis Organization
Kategori