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Figure 1: Analytical Construct
Interruption
Purposes
1
Simple
2
Overlap
3
Butting-in
4
Silent
Disruptive Cooperative
1 Disagreement
2 Floor taking
3 Topic change
1 To show agreement
2 To show understanding
3 To show interest in topic
4 To show clarrification
Types Adjacency Pair
Conversation Analysis
Preference Organization
Conversations in Lumet’s 12 Angry
Men Movie
Backchannel Repair
Interruption in Lumet’s 12 Angry Men
Movie: A Conversation Analysis
Neutral
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter illustrates the method employed in this research, which includes the type of the research and the form, context, and source of the data. This
chapter also explains the research instrument and describes the data, how to collect the data and analyzethe data. Moreover, this chapter also provides the
trustworthiness of the data.
A. Type of the Research
According to Kerlinger 1979:83 a research design is the plan and structure of research to obtain answers of research questions. A qualitative design refers to
research method or procedure which produces descriptive data; people own written or spoken words and observable behaviour Bodgan and Taylor in Moleong,
2001:4.Juddithin Cresswell, 1998:24 states that qualitative research is defined as a category of research designs or models which transcribes the data from audio and
videotapes, other written records, and pictures or films into descriptive narratives form. Meanwhile, according to Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009: 167, the goal of
a qualitative research is to describe the phenomenon of research rather than to predict the result. They also describe that a qualitative research should be in depth
and understandable to refer to the viewpoint of a research participant. This research aimed to give description of interruption employed by the
characters in 12 Angry Menespecially on the type and the purpose of interruption. Thus, the best research design to be applied in this research was descriptive
qualitative research since qualitative research gave a realistic description towards the phenomenon Vanderstoep and Johnston, 2009: 167. Moreover, qualitative
research gives more explicit description about particular phenomena than quantitative method Strauss and Corbin, 1998:11. Therefore, the data in this
research were not only displayed descriptively but it is also described through quantitative method to help the researcher in simplifying the data.
B. Form,Context,and Sourceof Data
The object of this research was a 1957 American drama film entitled 12 Angry Men. The data of the research were in the form of utterances indicating
interruption spoken by the characters in 12 Angry Men. The context of the data was in the form of dialogue containing interruption undertaken by the characters in12
Angry Men.Finally, the data source of this research divided into two categories. The primary source of data wasthe transcript of the dialogues spoken by the characters
in12 Angry Menwhile The secondary source of data was the film itself.
C. Instrument of the research
Since this research was a qualitative research, the researcher played as the primary instrument in this research. As stated by Moleong 2001:4, the researcher
played as the key instrument in this research because he was involved in the entire research process including in observing the data, analysing the data, and
interpreting the data of the research. Then, the secondary instrument used in this research was the data sheet in order to obtain the data accurately.
D. DataCollectionTechnique
There are four categories of data collection in qualitative research as stated by Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009: 189. Those are interviewing,ethnographic
observation, documents and material culture, and visual analysis. The data of this research were taken from the film entitled12 Angry Men and the printed script of
this film. To collect all the data about interruption, the researcher employed note taking and visual analysis by watching the movie and reading the transcript. Those
techniques were applied to gain an accurate data. To collect all the data about interruption performed by the characters of12
Angry Men,the researcher conducted several stages below: 1. watching12 Angry Men completely to understand the story as well as the
aspect in it, 2. gaining the script from the World Wide Web,
3. watching12 Angry Men one more time to check the accuracy of the transcription and marking the interruption that occurs in the movie,
4. taking a note on interruption and writing the time of interruptions, and 5. classifying the collecting data of interruption into the data sheet. The
form of data sheet is shown as follows.
Table 1: Sample Data Sheet of Types and Purposes of Interruption Presented by the Characters in
Lumet’s 12 Angry Men Movie
