Akurasi Rasio Na K Urin Sewaktu Terhadap Natrium Urin 24 Jam Dalam Menilai Efektivitas Diuretik Pada Penderita Sirosis Hati Dengan Asites Di RSUP.Haji Adam Malik Medan
39
DAFTAR KEPUSTAKAAN
1. Heidelbaugh, JJ, Bruderly, M. Cirrhosis and chronic liver failure: Part I- Diagnosis and
evaluation. USA : American Family Physic ; 2006 ; 745,756-62
2. Gines, P, Cardenas, A . The managementof asites and hyponatremiain cirrhosis. Semin.
Liver Dis . 2008 ; 28:43-58.
3. Gines, P, Quintero, E, Arroyo, V,Teres, J, Bruguera, M, et al . Compensated cirrhosis:
natural historyand prognostic factors. Hepatology. 2007 ; 7:12-8.
4. D'Amico, G, Morabito, A, Pagliaro,L, et al. Survival and prognosticindicators in
compensated and decompensatedcirrhosis. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2006 ; 31:468-75.
5. Yu, AS, Hu, KQ .Managementof ascites. Clin. Liver Dis.2001 ; 5:541-68.
6. Gines, P, Cardenas, A, Arroyo, V, et.al. Management of cirrhosis andascites. N. Engl. J.
Med. 2004 ; 350:1646-54.
7. Runyon, BA, Antillon, MR, Montano,AA. Effect of dieresis versustherapeutic
paracentesis on ascitic fluidopsonic activity and serum complement.Gastroenterol. 2009 ;
97:158-62
8. Cardenas, A, Gines, P. Managementof refractory ascites. Clin. Gastroenterol.Hepatol.
2005 ; 3:1187-91.
9. O.M. da Silva et al. Comparative study of spot urin Na/K ratio and24-hour urin sodium
in natriuresis evaluation ofcirrhotic patients with ascites. GE J Port Gastrenterol. 2013 :
114.
10. El Sayed,M, Ismail , ME, Mohamed,Mohamed,AE. Journal of the Egyptian Society of
Parasitology. 2013. 43: 767-776.
11. Cheney, C.P., E.M. Goldberg, S. Chopra.Cirrhosis and portal hypertension : an overview.
Handbook of Liver Disease . 2nd ed. China : Churchill Livingstone. ; 2013.
12. Wolf,
D.C.
Cirrhosis
of
the
Liver.
2012.
Available
at
http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3183.htm . Accessed Oktober 8 , 2015.
13. Bissell, D., J.J. Maher. Hepatic Fibrosis and Cirrhosis. A Textbook of Liver Disease . 3rd
ed. Vol. 1. Tokyo ; 1996.
14. World Health Organization. Hepatitis C - global prevalence (update). Weekly
Epidemiological Record . 2000 ; 74 : 425-427.
15. Hernomo, K. 1983. Pengelolaan perdarahan masif varises esofagus pada sirosis hati.
Tesis. Airlangga University Press, Surabaya.
16. Benvegnu, L., M. Gios, S. Bocato. Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis a
prospective study on the incidence and hierarchy of major complications. Gut. 2004 ;
53:744-749.
17. Garcia-Tsao, G., S. Wongcharatrawee. 2003. VA Hepatitis C Resource Center Program :
Treatment of patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension literature review and
summary of recommended interventions. 2003. Available at
http://www.heartintl.net/HEART/030106/TreatmentofPatientswith.pdf. Accessed Oktober 10 2015.
18. Friedman, S.L. Hepatic Fibrosis. Schiff’s Diseases of the Liver. 9th ed. Philadelphia :
Lippincott-Raven ; 2003 : 409-28.
19. Kuntz, Erwin., Kuntz, Han-Dieter. 2008. Hepatology : Textbook And Atlas. Germany :
springer medizin verlag heilderberg.
20. Erlingen, S., J.P. Benhamou.Cirrhosis : clinical aspect. Oxford Textbook of Clinical
Hepatology. 2nd ed. Vol 1.Hong Kong : Oxford Medical Publications ; 1999 : 629 - 44
Universitas Sumatera Utara
40
21. De Franchis, R. Evolving consensus in portal hypertension. Report of the Baveno IV
consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension. J
Hepatol. 2005 ; 43:167-176.
22. Garcia-Tsao, G., A.J. Sanyal, N.D. Grace, W. Carey and the Practice Guidelines
Committee of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, the Practice
Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology.Prevention and
management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis.
Hepatology . 2007 ; 46 : 922-938.
23. Runyon, BA, Montano,AA, Akriviadis,EA, Antillion ,MR, McHutchison, JG. 1992.
Ann Intern Med. 2002 ; 117:215-20.
24. Runyon,BA, AASLD Practice Guidelines Commite . Management of adult patients with
ascites due to cirrhosis :an update. Hepatology. 2009 ; 49 : 2087.
25. Gines,P, Guevara M, Arroyo V, Rodes J.Hepatorenal syndrome.Lancet. 2003 ; 362:1819.
26. Arroyo et al.Defenition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal
syndrome in cirrhosis : Internastional ascites club. Hepatology. 2006 ; 23 (1):164.
27. Runyon, BA. Refractory ascites.Semin Liver Disease. Division of Gastroenterology and
Hepatology University of Lowa Hospital and Clinics. 2003 ; 13 : 343.
28. Perez-Ayuso,RM et al. Randomized comparative study of efficacy of furosemide versus
spironolactone in nonazotemic cirrhosis with ascites. Relationship between the diuretic
response and the activity of the renin aldosteron system. Gastroenterology.2003 ; 961.
29. Stiehm,AJ, Mendler,MH, Runyon ,BA. Detection of diuretic sensitivity by spot urin
Na/K ratios in 729 spesimens from cirrhotics with ascites : approximately 90 percent
acucuracy as compared with 24 hr urin Na excretion.Hepatology. 2002 ; 36 : 222A.
30. Papdakis,MA ,Arieff AL.Unpredictability of clinical evaluation of renal function in
cirrhosis prospective study. Am J Med. 2007 ; 82 : 945.
31. El Boki,MA et al. Spot urinary sodium for assesing dietary sodium restriction in cirrhotic
ascites. Worl J Gastroenterol. 2009 ; 15: 3631-5.
32. Angeli et al.Randomized clinical study of the efficacy of amiloride and potassium
canrenoate in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites. Hepatology. 2000 ; 19 :72.
33. Minino AM, Heron MP, Smith BK. Deaths preliminary data for2004. Natl Vital Stat
Rep. 2006 ; 54:1-7.
34. Fagundes C, Pépin MN, Guevara M, Barreto R, Casals G, SolàE, et al. Urinary
neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin asbiomarker in the differential diagnosis of
impairment of kidney function in cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2012;57:267-73.
35. Wiegand J, Kühne M, Pradat P, Mössner J, Trepo C, TillmannHL. Different patterns of
decompensation in patients with alco-holic vs. non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Aliment
Pharmacol Ther.2012;35:1443-50.
36. Shi KQ, Fan YC, Ying L, Lin XF, Song M, Li LF, et al. Risk strat-ification of
spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis withascites based on classification
37. Karatapanis S, Ketikoglou I, Skorda L, Kopanakis D, Metax-aki P, Lisgos F, et al. The
role of spot urin Na+/K+ ratio inthe management of ascites in cirrhotic patients. Gut.
2003;52. Suppl. VI:A53.
38. Cholongitas E, Karatapanis S, Nakouti T, Birtsou C, Skorda L,Kouvelis I, et al. Can 24 h
urin sodium excretion be replaced byspot urin sodium/potassium in patients with
decompensatedcirrhosis? Liver Int. 2012;32:172-3.
39. Runyon BA, Heck M. Utility of 24-hour urin sodium collectionand urin Na/K ratios in
the management of patients with cir-rhosis and ascites. Hepatology. 2005 ; 24:571A.
40. Park JE, Lee CH, Kim BS, Shin IH. Diagnostic usefulness of therandom urin Na/K ratio
in cirrhotic patients with ascites: apilot study. Korean J Hepatol. 2010;16:66-74.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
41
41. Pinto-Marques P, Vieira A. Urinary sodium/potassium ratio onrandom sample as a useful
tool to assess diuretic-inducednatriuresis on chronic liver disease-associated ascitis. Am J
Gas-troenterol. 2007;102:212-3
42. Rojpalakorn P, Thong-U-Thaisri P, Pramoolsinsap C. The diag-nostic value of spot urin
sodium-to-potassium (UNa/K) ratiocompared to 24-hour urin sodium (24-hr UNa) for
the manage-ment of cirrhotic patients with ascites. Thai J Gastroenterol.2006;7:66-70.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR KEPUSTAKAAN
1. Heidelbaugh, JJ, Bruderly, M. Cirrhosis and chronic liver failure: Part I- Diagnosis and
evaluation. USA : American Family Physic ; 2006 ; 745,756-62
2. Gines, P, Cardenas, A . The managementof asites and hyponatremiain cirrhosis. Semin.
Liver Dis . 2008 ; 28:43-58.
3. Gines, P, Quintero, E, Arroyo, V,Teres, J, Bruguera, M, et al . Compensated cirrhosis:
natural historyand prognostic factors. Hepatology. 2007 ; 7:12-8.
4. D'Amico, G, Morabito, A, Pagliaro,L, et al. Survival and prognosticindicators in
compensated and decompensatedcirrhosis. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2006 ; 31:468-75.
5. Yu, AS, Hu, KQ .Managementof ascites. Clin. Liver Dis.2001 ; 5:541-68.
6. Gines, P, Cardenas, A, Arroyo, V, et.al. Management of cirrhosis andascites. N. Engl. J.
Med. 2004 ; 350:1646-54.
7. Runyon, BA, Antillon, MR, Montano,AA. Effect of dieresis versustherapeutic
paracentesis on ascitic fluidopsonic activity and serum complement.Gastroenterol. 2009 ;
97:158-62
8. Cardenas, A, Gines, P. Managementof refractory ascites. Clin. Gastroenterol.Hepatol.
2005 ; 3:1187-91.
9. O.M. da Silva et al. Comparative study of spot urin Na/K ratio and24-hour urin sodium
in natriuresis evaluation ofcirrhotic patients with ascites. GE J Port Gastrenterol. 2013 :
114.
10. El Sayed,M, Ismail , ME, Mohamed,Mohamed,AE. Journal of the Egyptian Society of
Parasitology. 2013. 43: 767-776.
11. Cheney, C.P., E.M. Goldberg, S. Chopra.Cirrhosis and portal hypertension : an overview.
Handbook of Liver Disease . 2nd ed. China : Churchill Livingstone. ; 2013.
12. Wolf,
D.C.
Cirrhosis
of
the
Liver.
2012.
Available
at
http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3183.htm . Accessed Oktober 8 , 2015.
13. Bissell, D., J.J. Maher. Hepatic Fibrosis and Cirrhosis. A Textbook of Liver Disease . 3rd
ed. Vol. 1. Tokyo ; 1996.
14. World Health Organization. Hepatitis C - global prevalence (update). Weekly
Epidemiological Record . 2000 ; 74 : 425-427.
15. Hernomo, K. 1983. Pengelolaan perdarahan masif varises esofagus pada sirosis hati.
Tesis. Airlangga University Press, Surabaya.
16. Benvegnu, L., M. Gios, S. Bocato. Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis a
prospective study on the incidence and hierarchy of major complications. Gut. 2004 ;
53:744-749.
17. Garcia-Tsao, G., S. Wongcharatrawee. 2003. VA Hepatitis C Resource Center Program :
Treatment of patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension literature review and
summary of recommended interventions. 2003. Available at
http://www.heartintl.net/HEART/030106/TreatmentofPatientswith.pdf. Accessed Oktober 10 2015.
18. Friedman, S.L. Hepatic Fibrosis. Schiff’s Diseases of the Liver. 9th ed. Philadelphia :
Lippincott-Raven ; 2003 : 409-28.
19. Kuntz, Erwin., Kuntz, Han-Dieter. 2008. Hepatology : Textbook And Atlas. Germany :
springer medizin verlag heilderberg.
20. Erlingen, S., J.P. Benhamou.Cirrhosis : clinical aspect. Oxford Textbook of Clinical
Hepatology. 2nd ed. Vol 1.Hong Kong : Oxford Medical Publications ; 1999 : 629 - 44
Universitas Sumatera Utara
40
21. De Franchis, R. Evolving consensus in portal hypertension. Report of the Baveno IV
consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension. J
Hepatol. 2005 ; 43:167-176.
22. Garcia-Tsao, G., A.J. Sanyal, N.D. Grace, W. Carey and the Practice Guidelines
Committee of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, the Practice
Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology.Prevention and
management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis.
Hepatology . 2007 ; 46 : 922-938.
23. Runyon, BA, Montano,AA, Akriviadis,EA, Antillion ,MR, McHutchison, JG. 1992.
Ann Intern Med. 2002 ; 117:215-20.
24. Runyon,BA, AASLD Practice Guidelines Commite . Management of adult patients with
ascites due to cirrhosis :an update. Hepatology. 2009 ; 49 : 2087.
25. Gines,P, Guevara M, Arroyo V, Rodes J.Hepatorenal syndrome.Lancet. 2003 ; 362:1819.
26. Arroyo et al.Defenition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal
syndrome in cirrhosis : Internastional ascites club. Hepatology. 2006 ; 23 (1):164.
27. Runyon, BA. Refractory ascites.Semin Liver Disease. Division of Gastroenterology and
Hepatology University of Lowa Hospital and Clinics. 2003 ; 13 : 343.
28. Perez-Ayuso,RM et al. Randomized comparative study of efficacy of furosemide versus
spironolactone in nonazotemic cirrhosis with ascites. Relationship between the diuretic
response and the activity of the renin aldosteron system. Gastroenterology.2003 ; 961.
29. Stiehm,AJ, Mendler,MH, Runyon ,BA. Detection of diuretic sensitivity by spot urin
Na/K ratios in 729 spesimens from cirrhotics with ascites : approximately 90 percent
acucuracy as compared with 24 hr urin Na excretion.Hepatology. 2002 ; 36 : 222A.
30. Papdakis,MA ,Arieff AL.Unpredictability of clinical evaluation of renal function in
cirrhosis prospective study. Am J Med. 2007 ; 82 : 945.
31. El Boki,MA et al. Spot urinary sodium for assesing dietary sodium restriction in cirrhotic
ascites. Worl J Gastroenterol. 2009 ; 15: 3631-5.
32. Angeli et al.Randomized clinical study of the efficacy of amiloride and potassium
canrenoate in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites. Hepatology. 2000 ; 19 :72.
33. Minino AM, Heron MP, Smith BK. Deaths preliminary data for2004. Natl Vital Stat
Rep. 2006 ; 54:1-7.
34. Fagundes C, Pépin MN, Guevara M, Barreto R, Casals G, SolàE, et al. Urinary
neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin asbiomarker in the differential diagnosis of
impairment of kidney function in cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2012;57:267-73.
35. Wiegand J, Kühne M, Pradat P, Mössner J, Trepo C, TillmannHL. Different patterns of
decompensation in patients with alco-holic vs. non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Aliment
Pharmacol Ther.2012;35:1443-50.
36. Shi KQ, Fan YC, Ying L, Lin XF, Song M, Li LF, et al. Risk strat-ification of
spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis withascites based on classification
37. Karatapanis S, Ketikoglou I, Skorda L, Kopanakis D, Metax-aki P, Lisgos F, et al. The
role of spot urin Na+/K+ ratio inthe management of ascites in cirrhotic patients. Gut.
2003;52. Suppl. VI:A53.
38. Cholongitas E, Karatapanis S, Nakouti T, Birtsou C, Skorda L,Kouvelis I, et al. Can 24 h
urin sodium excretion be replaced byspot urin sodium/potassium in patients with
decompensatedcirrhosis? Liver Int. 2012;32:172-3.
39. Runyon BA, Heck M. Utility of 24-hour urin sodium collectionand urin Na/K ratios in
the management of patients with cir-rhosis and ascites. Hepatology. 2005 ; 24:571A.
40. Park JE, Lee CH, Kim BS, Shin IH. Diagnostic usefulness of therandom urin Na/K ratio
in cirrhotic patients with ascites: apilot study. Korean J Hepatol. 2010;16:66-74.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
41
41. Pinto-Marques P, Vieira A. Urinary sodium/potassium ratio onrandom sample as a useful
tool to assess diuretic-inducednatriuresis on chronic liver disease-associated ascitis. Am J
Gas-troenterol. 2007;102:212-3
42. Rojpalakorn P, Thong-U-Thaisri P, Pramoolsinsap C. The diag-nostic value of spot urin
sodium-to-potassium (UNa/K) ratiocompared to 24-hour urin sodium (24-hr UNa) for
the manage-ment of cirrhotic patients with ascites. Thai J Gastroenterol.2006;7:66-70.
Universitas Sumatera Utara