LAMPIRAN 2 Distribusi Ukuran Droplet Emulsi Tipe wo Tabel Ukuran Droplet Air Sediaan Emulsi Tipe wo

Gliserin

Tween 80

LAMPIRAN 2 Distribusi Ukuran Droplet Emulsi Tipe w/o Tabel Ukuran Droplet Air Sediaan Emulsi Tipe w/o

Perbesaran skala okuler = 10 x Perbesaran skala obyektif = 10 x 1 skala obyektif = 0.01 mm

10,0 okuler = 9,7 obyektif
7,0 okuler = 6,8 obyektif 1 skala okuler = 9,7/10,0 + 6,8/7,0 x skala obyektif

2 = 0,9707 x 0,01 mm

= 9,71 µm Skala okuler ∑ Droplet Ukuran (µm)

(Skala okuler x 9,71) 0,1 89 0,97 0,2 148 1,94 0,3 43 2,91 0,4 9 3,88 0,5 7 4,86 0,6 1 5,83 0,7 3 6,80

∑ = 300 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,3 0,4 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,3 0,4 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,7 0,6 0,1 0,1 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,2 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,7 0,1 0,1 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,5 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,3 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,5 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,1 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,5 0,2 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,5 0,2 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,7 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,1 0,1 0,3 0,2 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,4 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,3 0,2 0,5 0,5 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,2 0,1 Rentang = nilai max – nilai min = 6,80-0,97 = 5,83 Jumlah kelas = 1 + 3,3 log n = 1+ 3,3 log 300 = 1 + 8,17 = 9,17 ~ 9 Interval kelas = Rentang kelas Jumlah kelas = 5,83/9 = 0,65

Jarak ukuran (µm) Rata-rata jarak ukuran ∑ droplet dalam tiap ukuran



2 300

3691,66

  

 

m nd nd d sl

25 ,

m n nd d vn

2 535,65 1205,40

2   

  m nd nd d vs



06 ,

3 1205,40 3691,66

3   

 31 ,

 

0,97-1,62 1,30

1 300

89 1,63-2,28 1,45 148 2,29-2,94 2,61

43 2,95-3,60 3,27 - 3,61-4,26 3,93

9 4,27-4,92 4,59

7 4,93-5,58 5,25 - 5,59-6,24 5,91

1 6,25-,6,90 6,57

3 ∑ = 300

m n nd d 

79 ,

535,65

  

 

m n nd d sn

 00 ,

2 300

1205,40

 

m nd nd d wm



05 ,

4 3691,66 4693,30

4   

 

Histogram jumlah droplet vs retang ukuran droplet (µm) sediaan emulsi tipe w/o

LAMPIRAN 3 Distribusi Ukuran Droplet Mikroemulsi Etanol 1:6 Tipe w/o

Diameter Droplet (nm)

Jumlah (%) 139,8 38,26 154,4 25,19 170,4 15,73 188,1 9,35 207,7 5,42 229,3 2,98 253,1 1,59 279,1 0,85 308,4 0,43 340,5 0,21

100,00 Rentang = nilai max – nilai min = 253,1-139,8 = 200,7 Jumlah kelas = 1 + 3,3 log n = 1+ 3,3 log 100 = 1 + 6,6 = 7,6~ 8 Interval kelas = Rentang kelas Jumlah kelas = 200,7/8 = 25,09 Jarak ukuran (µm) Rata-rata jarak ukuran ∑ droplet dalam tiap ukuran(%)

139,8-164,89 152,35 63,45 164,90-189,99 177,45 25,08 190,00-215,09 202,55 5,42 215,1-240,19 227,65 2,98 240,20-265,29 252,75 1,59 265,30-290,39 277,85 0,85 290,4-315,49 302,95 0,43 315,5-340,59 328,05 0,21

 

4   

184 62 , 82 507977205, 8,79 9378503900

  nm nd nd d wm

3   

177 09 , 2868498,19 82 507977205,

  nm nd nd d vs

2   

171 45 , 15741,74 2868498,19

nm nd nd d sl

 

  

∑ = 100,00

nm n nd d sn

n nd d

167 30 , 100

167,30

  

 

169 37 , 100

2868498,19

  

 

nm n nd d vn

171 90 , 100 82 507977205,

Histogram jumlah droplet vs retang ukuran droplet (µm) sediaan emulsi tipe w/o

LAMPIRAN 4 Hasil Uji Homogenitas Natriuml Diklofenak dalam Sediaan Gel

Tabel Pengukuran Homogenitas Natriuml Diklofenak dalam Basis Gel Carbomer 940 Formula Penimbangan (mg) Absorban Kadar (ppm)

2,77

II 3 107,32 104,32 ± 2,890

108,76 ± 2,338 2,15 1 102,54 2 102,75

1 106,52 2 108,59 I 3 111,18

% Konsentrasi

natrium

diklofenak Rata-rata ± SD %KV Antar replikasi

3 250,0 0,168 5,3829

2 250,0 0,161 5,1375

1 250,5 0,161 5,1375

3 0,2503 0,174 5,5659

2 0,2504 0,17 5,438

Perlakuan sampel : 250,0 mg sediaan (mengandung 1% natrium diklofenak )

1 0,2508 0,167 5,3429

x 100% = 106,52%

5 3429 ,

016 ,

) x = 5,3429 ppm % Recovery =

x 100,32 ppm = 5,016 ppm Absorbansi = 0,167 y = 0.0314 x - (7,1685x10

10 5 ,

→ 1% natrium diklofenak = 2,508 mg/ 25 mL ≈ 100,32 ppm Dalam 25 ml =

Contoh perhitungan : data diambil dari Formula I replikasi 1 Penimbangan = 250,8 mg

≈ 100 ppm + PBS ad 25,0 mL, ambil 0,5 ml + PBS sampai 10,0 mL (ukur serapan) ≈ 5 ppm

Tabel Hasil Perhitungan Homogenitas Natriuml Diklofenak dalam Basis Gel Carbomer-940 Formula

LAMPIRAN 5

Hasil Uji Daya Sebar Sediaan Gel Natrium Diklofenak

Kurva hubungan antara diameter penyebaran (cm) vs beban (g)

Diameter Penyebaran (cm) Formula 1 Formula 2 Beban (g) R1 R2 R3 Rata-rata ± SD R1 R2 R3 Rata-rata ± SD

4,90 5,50 4,50 4,97±0,50 10,20 11,40 12,30 11,30±1,05

5 5,20 5,70 4,70 5,20±0,50 10,70 12,70 13,70 11,83±1,53

10 5,30 5,90 4,70 5,30±0,60 10,80 13,30 14,00 12,53±1,68

15 5,50 5,90 4,90 5,43±0,50 11,00 13,60 14,30 12,83±1,74

20 5,50 6,10 4,90 5,50±0,60 11,30 13,80 14,40 3,07±1,64

25 5,60 6,10 4,90 5,53±0,60 11,40 13,90 14,40 13,20±1,61

30 5,60 6,10 5,00 5,57±0,55 11,40 13,90 14,40 13,23±1,61

35 5,60 6,10 5,00 5,57±0,55 11,40 13,90 14,40 13,23±1,61

40 5,70 6,10 5,00 5,60±0,56 11,40 13,90 14,40 13,23±1,61

45 5,90 6,20 5,00 5,70±0,62 11,40 13,90 14,40 13,23±1,61

50 5,90 6,20 5,00 5,70±0,62 11,40 13,90 14,40 13,23±1,61

55 5,90 6,20 5,00 5,70±0,62 11,40 13,90 14,40 13,23±1,61

Hasil rata-rata diameter penyebaran sediaan gel natrium diklofenak beberapa formula

LAMPIRAN 6 Hasil Uji Pelepasan Natrium Diklofenak 1.

Tabel perhitungan Formula I (Replikasi 1)

Waktu (menit) √T Kadar (ppm) Koreksi Wurster (ppm) Kadar dlm 500 ml (µg) Jumlah Kumulatif Persatuan Luas (µg/cm

0,0000 0,0000 0,0000

16,4317

8,0442

18,1659

300 17,3205 7,2084 7,2754 3637,6760 550,5077 330

3378,3340 511,2601

6,7567

6,6952

240 15,4919 6,1468 6,2003 3100,1485 469,1609 270

4058,1420 614,1389

2699,4150 408,5159

5,3988

5,3497

14,4914

210

2477,8105 374,9794

4,9556

8,1163

360 18,9737 8,4962 8,5766 4288,3210 648,9730 390

13,4164

450 21,2132 9,4082 9,5007 4750,3460 718,8936 480

√waktu (√menit)

Kurva hubungan antara jumlah kumulatif natrium diklofenak yang terlepas (µg/cm²) vs

5070,1410 767,2897

10,1403

10,0462

21,9089

4669,0610 706,5923

19,7484

9,3381

9,2492

20,4939

420

4488,5810 679,2794

8,9772

8,8922

4,9130

150 12,2475 4,2621 4,2997 2149,8600 325,3490 180

0,9833

1,3295

5,0000

20 4,4721 1,1031 1,1129 556,4280 84,2070

74,4002

491,6260

0,9756

670,2655

3,8729

10 3,1623 0,7652 0,7652 382,6000 57,9008

0,0000

2,2361

1,3405

101,4346

2 )

2,4230

3,7957

3,7620

10,9545

90 9,4868 3,3667 3,3909 1695,4650 256,5832 120

1221,7020 184,8863

2,4434

7,7460

45 6,7082 2,0404 2,0554 1027,7240 155,5306

114,8704

759,0475

1,5181

1,5048

5,4773

1897,8335 287,2086

2. Tabel perhitungan Formula I (Replikasi 2)

Waktu (menit) √T Kadar (ppm) Koreksi Wurster (ppm) Kadar dlm 500 ml (µg) Jumlah Kumulatif Persatuan Luas (µg/cm

0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000

16,4317

6,7909

17,3205

300

3436,6720 520,0887

6,8733

6,8099

240 15,4919 6,3444 6,4035 3201,7700 484,5398 270

3429,4995 519,0033

2984,5775 451,6710

5,9692

5,9140

14,4914

180 13,4164 5,5155 5,5602 2780,1150 420,7287 210

2257,9880 341,7126

4,5160

6,8590

330 18,1659 8,1169 8,1848 4092,4045 619,3240 360

12,2474

450 21,2132 9,3889 9,4814 4740,6795 717,4307 480

(µg/cm²) vs √waktu (√menit)

Kurva hubungan antara jumlah kumulatif natrium diklofenak yang terlepas

5363,3945 811,6693

10,7268

10,6329

21,9089

4666,1795 706,1562

18,9737

9,3324

9,2459

20,4939

390 19,7484 8,6459 8,7296 4364,7795 660,5439 420

4223,5345 639,1686

8,4471

8,3659

4,4730

120 10,9545 4,2976 4,3331 2166,5580 327,8760 150

0,5611

0,7843

4,4721

15 3,8730 0,7492 0,7548 377,4055 57,1147

42,4570

280,5500

0,5611

395,8960

3,1623

0,0000

2,2361

0,7918

59,9129

2 )

7,7460

3,5773

3,5516

9,4868

1300,7250 196,8452

2,6015

2,5696

25 5,0000 0,9660 0,9738 486,9215 73,6883

45 6,7082 3,1850 3,1997 1599,8325 242,1106

111,6973

738,0800

1,4762

1,4665

5,4772

1788,6480 270,6850

3. Tabel perhitungan Formula I (Replikasi 3)

Waktu (menit)

Kadar (ppm) Koreksi Wurster (ppm) Kadar dlm 500 ml (µg) Jumlah Kumulatif Persatuan Luas (µg/cm

0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000

3399,5520 514,4712

18,9737

360

4155,4710 628,8682

8,3109

8,2320

18,1659

300 17,3205 7,8942 7,9616 3980,7845 602,4320 330

6,7991

9,0793

6,7369

16,4317

240 15,4919 6,2204 6,2755 3137,7475 474,8510 270

2779,8105 420,6826

5,5596

5,5095

14,4914

8,9970

4539,6600 687,0094

2116,1180 320,2427

450 21,2132 9,3260 9,4183 4709,1350 712,6569 480

2 )

√waktu (√menit)

Kurva hubungan antara jumlah kumulatif natrium diklofenak yang terlepas (µg/cm²) vs

5063,1300 766,2287

10,1263

10,0330

21,9089

4657,7550 704,8813

390

9,3155

9,2270

20,4939

420

4470,4850 676,5408

8,9410

8,8510

19,7484

180 13,4164 5,0121 5,0540 2527,0135 382,4256 210

4,2322

1,4142

773,9315

1,5479

1,5338

4,4721

107,0073

707,0890

1,4063

25 5,0000 1,0843 1,0996 549,8190 83,2069

3,8730

10 3,1623 0,7878 0,7878 393,9000 59,6109

0,0000

2,2361

117,1229

4,1927

1304,2475 197,3783

√T

150

1993,3640 301,6657

3,9867

3,9536

10,9545

90 9,4868 3,3128 3,3386 1669,3135 252,6255 120

2,6085

5,4772

2,5827

7,7460

45 6,7082 2,5795 2,5957 1297,8495 196,4100

123,3942

815,3715

1,6307

1,6199

12,2474

4. Tabel perhitungan Formula II (Replikasi 1)

Kadar Koreksi Jumlah Kumulatif Waktu Kadar dlm 500 Wurster Persatuan Luas √T (menit) (ppm) ml

2 (ppm) (µg/cm ) (µg)

0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 5 2,2361 1,7670 1,7670 883,5000 133,7045

10 3,1623 2,1270 2,1447 1072,3350 162,2818 15 3,8730 2,5130 2,5343 1267,1350 191,7619

20 4,4721 2,9620 2,9871 1493,5650 226,0286

25 5,0000 3,2140 3,2436 1621,8100 245,4366 30 5,4772 3,5580 3,5901 1795,0700 271,6569

45 6,7082 4,6100 4,6456 2322,7900 351,5194 60 7,7460 5,4550 5,5011 2750,5500 416,2545

90 9,4868 6,9820 7,0366 3518,2750 532,4381 120 10,9545 9,2080 9,2778 4638,9100 702,0294

150 12,2474 10,1610 10,2531 5126,5400 775,8249

180 13,4164 10,9390 11,0406 5520,3050 835,4153 210 14,4914 11,5450 11,6544 5827,1950 881,8585

240 15,4919 12,3550 12,4705 6235,2250 943,6077 270 16,4317 12,7750 12,8986 6449,2750 976,0010

300 17,3205 12,9800 13,1078 6553,8750 991,8306

330 18,1659 14,2390 14,3688 7184,4000 1087,2511

360 18,9737 15,6640 15,8064 7903,1950 1196,0299

390 19,7484 15,1350 15,2916 7645,8200 1157,0801 420 20,4939 15,5840 15,7354 7867,6750 1190,6545

450 21,2132 16,0940 16,2498 8124,9200 1229,5847 480 21,9089 16,0940 16,2549 8127,4700 1229,9706

Kurva hubungan antara jumlah kumulatif natrium diklofenak yang terlepas

(µg/cm²) vs √waktu (√menit)

5. Tabel perhitungan Formula II (Replikasi 2)

Waktu (menit) √T Kadar (ppm) Koreksi Wurster (ppm) Kadar dlm 500 ml (µg) Jumlah Kumulatif Persatuan Luas (µg/cm

0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000

11,4780

12,1948

12,0800

17,3205

300

5793,4850 876,7570

11,5870

16,4317

330

240 15,4919 10,8970 10,9984 5499,1750 832,2176 270

5113,1700 773,8015

10,2263

10,1350

14,4914

180 13,4164 9,1340 9,2177 4608,8450 697,4795 210

4220,2550 638,6723

6097,3900 922,7485

18,1659

8,3690

21,2132

√waktu (√menit)

Kurva hubungan antara jumlah kumulatif natrium diklofenak yang terlepas (µg/cm²) vs

480 21,9089 15,6350 15,7894 7894,6850 1194,7421

7788,4950 1178,6718

15,5770

15,4370

420 20,4939 13,9990 14,1347 7067,3600 1069,5389 450

12,5300

6848,6500 1036,4404

13,6973

13,5720

18,9737

360

6325,4000 957,2544

12,6508

8,4405

12,2474

1,7470

3,4080

4,4721

132,8880

878,1050

1,7562

3,8730

1712,7350 259,1967

10 3,1623 0,9210 0,9265 463,2250 70,1022

41,2388

272,5000

0,5450

2,2361

3,4255

25 5,0000 2,3180 2,3521 1176,0400 177,9760

2 )

5,1178

3606,7300 545,8245

7,2135

7,1510

10,9545

90 9,4868 6,2460 6,2968 3148,3950 476,4623 120

2558,9000 387,2511

5,0790

7,7460

45 6,7082 3,8800 3,9061 1953,0250 295,5610

1314,0900 198,8678

2,6282

2,6050

5,4772

150

6. Tabel perhitungan Formula II (Replikasi 3)

Kadar Koreksi Jumlah Kumulatif Waktu Kadar dlm 500 Wurster Persatuan Luas √T (menit) (ppm) ml

2 (ppm) (µg/cm ) (µg)

0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 5 2,2361 1,6640 1,6640 832,0000 125,9107

10 3,1623 2,2510 2,2676 1133,8200 171,5866 15 3,8730 2,9970 3,0195 1509,7550 228,4788

20 4,4721 3,6950 3,7250 1862,4850 281,8592

25 5,0000 4,1480 4,1850 2092,4750 316,6647 30 5,4772 4,1250 4,1665 2083,2400 315,2671

45 6,7082 5,7130 5,7543 2877,1250 435,4097 60 7,7460 6,4810 6,5381 3269,0650 494,7239

90 9,4868 7,9990 8,0638 4031,9050 610,1683 120 10,9545 9,3190 9,3990 4699,4950 711,1980

150 12,2474 10,4160 10,5092 5254,5950 795,2041

180 13,4164 11,3430 11,4472 5723,5800 866,1779 210 14,4914 12,2360 12,3494 6174,7150 934,4504

240 15,4919 12,6820 12,8044 6402,1800 968,8739 270 16,4317 13,6260 13,7528 6876,4100 1040,6414

300 17,3205 14,0660 14,2023 7101,1300 1074,6494

330 18,1659 14,3470 14,4877 7243,8300 1096,2449

360 18,9737 15,4180 15,5615 7780,7350 1177,4975

390 19,7484 15,6790 15,8332 7916,5900 1198,0571 420 20,4939 16,3010 16,4578 8228,8950 1245,3197

450 21,2132 16,6800 16,8430 8421,5050 1274,4684 480 21,9089 17,3310 17,3310 8665,5000 1311,3934

Kurva hubungan antara jumlah kumulatif natrium diklofenak yang terlepas

(µg/cm²) vs √waktu (√menit)

LAMPIRAN 7

Hasil Pengolahan Statistik dengan SPSS

1. Hasil analisis statistik independent sample t-test pH sediaan gel natrium diklofenak

Group Statistics Formula N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean pH Mikro

3 5.9967 .01528 .00882 Emulsi 3 5.9667 .02887 .01667

Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of

Variances t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Sig. (2- Mean Std. Error

F Sig. t df tailed) Difference Difference

Lower Upper pH Equal 2.632 .180 1.591 4 .187 .03000 .01886 -.02235 .08235 variances assumed Equal 1.591 3.039 .209 .03000 .01886 -.02958 .08958 variances not assumed

2. Hasil analisis statistik independent sample t-test daya sebar sediaan gel natrium diklofenak

Group Statistics Formula N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean DS mikro

3 .011867 .0018037 .0010414 emulsi 3 .048000 .0100000 .0057735

Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of

Variances t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Sig. (2- Mean Std. Error

F Sig. T df tailed) Difference Difference Lower Upper DS Equal 2.574 .184 -6.159 4 .004 -.0361333 .0058667 -.0524218 -.0198449 variances assumed Equal -6.159 2.130 .022 -.0361333 .0058667 -.0599552 -.0123114 variances not assumed

3. Hasil analisis statistik independent sample t-test diameter pada beban nol sediaan gel natrium diklofenak

Group Statistics Formula N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Bebanol mikro

3 4.9667 .50332 .29059 emulsi 3 11.3000 1.05357 .60828

Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of

Variances t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval Sig. of the Difference (2- Mean Std. Error

F Sig. t df tailed) Difference

Upper

Difference Lower Bebanol Equal 1.166 .341 -9.395

4 .001 -6.33333 .67412 -8.20500 -4.46166 variances assumed Equal -9.395 2.868 .003 -6.33333 .67412 -8.53579 -4.13088 variances not assumed

5. Hasil Analisis statistik independent sampel t test fluks sediaan natrium diklofenak

Group Statistics

Formula N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Fluks Mikro

3 37.118467 .2828274 .1632905 emulsi 3 59.695667 1.9467765 1.1239719

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for

Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means Sig. Std. 95% Confidence Interval of the (2- Error Difference

Mean taile Differen F Sig. t df Difference

d) ce Lower Upper

Fluks Equal 8.894 .041 -19.878 4 .000 -22.5772000 1.13577 -25.7306069 -19.4237931

variances

14 assumed Equal -19.878 2.084 .002 -22.5772000 1.13577 -27.2792476 -17.8751524 variances

14 not assumed

LAMPIRAN 2 Distribusi Ukuran Droplet Emulsi Tipe wo Tabel Ukuran Droplet Air Sediaan Emulsi Tipe wo