DEPRESSION OF ANNELIES REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER’S NOVEL THIS EARTH OF MANKIND (1975): Depression Of Annelies Reflected At Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Novel This Earth Of Mankind (1975): A Psychoanalytic Approach.
DEPRESSION OF ANNELIES REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA ANANTA
TOER’S NOVEL THIS EARTH OF MANKIND (1975):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
SOBRI KARTIKA SARI
A 320 100 058
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
A llah SW T, The creator of universe
Thanks for giving m e chance to get study until this grade
M y beloved m om and pa
I love you as you are
Thanks for taking care of m e for all this tim e
M y beloved sister
s isters
ister s
Thanks for the m otivation and love
M y big F am ily
Thanks for supporting m e
v
MOTTO
N othing is im possible, even the w ord itself says I’m possible.
(M ario Teguh)
L ife is to face life, and struggle is for alive
(The R esearcher)
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikumWr. Wb
Alhamdulilahirobbil’alamin praise to Almighty Allah SWT for blessing
and guiding in completing this research papers as partial fulfillment of the
requirement for bachelor degree in English Department. Moreover, the researcher
wants to express her appreciation to some people who give contribution in
finishing this research paper.
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., as the Dean of the school of
Teacher Training and Education,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat Ph.D., as the chief of the school of Teacher
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who
has given the permission to the researcher to make this research,
3. Azhari, S.S., as her academic advisor who always gives guidance during
her study,
4. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum., as the first consultant, for his
guidance, advices and suggestions,
5. Nur Hidayat S.Pd., as the second consultant for his guidance, advices and
suggestions,
6. All of the English Department lectures for their knowledge given to the
researcher,
vii
7. Her beloved parents, for their great love, affection and prayer. Her beloved
father “Parno” who gives strong spirit to finish her study. Her beloved
mother “Darmini” who always prayer for youngest child.
8. Her lovely sister, “Annur Fitriana” who rendering thought, guidance,
supports and affection. From the first time tread Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta until the end. The researcher also say big thanks
for her care in finance and great love.
9. Her lovely sisters “Haris Megawati” and “Annisa Bronia” for their
supports, affection, prayer, happiness, and love.
10. Her beb Kak Sgg “Sugeng Saputro” for love, affection, patience and
supports. Big thanks for the time’s round you’ve passed with me.
11. Her beloved best friends, “Wulandari, Musabaniyati, Luluk Hamidah
and Hezellobit” for helps, supports, affection, and love. Thanks for being
nice friends,
12. Her greatest brother “Pakdhe MasTri” for helps, guidance, advices to
finish the research paper.
13. Her all friends class B “Green Pepper” for all the things that the
researcher will never forget and regret.
14. Those who cannot mentioned one by one for their support to her in
realizing this research paper.
viii
The researcher realizes that this research paper is still far from being
perfect. She welcomes any endorsing suggestion and criticism.She also greatly
expects that this research will be useful and able to give contribution for academic
study and following research.
Wassalamu’alaikumWr. Wb
Surakarta, 2014
The researcher
ix
SUMMARY
Sobri Kartika Sari. A320100058. DEPRESSION OF ANNELIES
REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER’S NOVEL THIS
EARTH OF MANKIND (1975): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH,
RESEARCH
PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY
OF
SURAKARTA. 2014.
This study is about depression. The problem of this study is how the
depression of Annelies reflected at Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s novel This Earth of
Mankind (1975). There are two objectives of the study; the first is to analyze the
structural elements of the novel and the second is to analyze the character of
Annelies based on psychoanalytic perspective of Sigmund Freud.
In analyzing This Earth of Mankind, the researcher uses the psychoanalytic
approach and qualitative method. The object of the study is This Earth of Mankind
novel by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. In this research, there are two types of data,
namely primary and secondary data. The primary data is the novel This Earth of
Mankind itself, while the secondary data are taken from some information needed.
The result of the study shows the following conclusions. First, based on
the structural analysis it is clear that this novel illustrates the condition of
Indonesian in the Dutch Colonialism period. Second, based on the psychoanalytic
approach the result shows that the depression is influenced by personality and
anxiety.
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Drs. AbdillahNugroho M. Hum)
(Nur Hidayat S.Pd)
NIK :589
NIK : 771
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE ...................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL .........................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ...................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .......................................................................................
iv
DEDICATION .....................................................................................
v
MOTTO ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................
vii
SUMMARY ..........................................................................................
x
TABLE OF CONTENT .......................................................................
xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .................................................
1
B. Literature Review ............................................................
5
C. Problem Statement ..........................................................
6
D. Limitation of the Study ...................................................
6
E. Objectives of the Study ....................................................
6
F. Benefit of the Study .........................................................
7
G. Research Method .............................................................
7
H. Research Paper Organization ..........................................
9
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Psychoanalysis ................................................
10
B. Structure of Personality ...................................................
11
1. Id ..........................................................................
11
2. Ego .......................................................................
12
3. Superego ..............................................................
13
C. Anxiety ............................................................................
14
1. Reality Anxiety ....................................................
15
2. Neurotic Anxiety ..................................................
15
3. Moral Anxiety ......................................................
15
D. Notion of Depression……..............................................
x
16
1. Reactive Depression ............................................
17
2. Neurotic Depression ............................................
17
3. Endogenous Depression ....................................
17
4. Manic Depression.................................................
18
E. Theoretical Application ...................................................
18
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements .........................................................
19
1. Character and Characterization...........................
19
2. Setting ..................................................................
31
3. Plot .......................................................................
34
4. Point of view ........................................................
36
5. Style .....................................................................
37
6. Theme ...................................................................
42
B. Discussion .......................................................................
42
CHAPTER IV: PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS
A. Structure of Annelies’s Personality ................................
45
1. Annelies’s Id........................................................
45
2. Annelies’s Superego............................................
48
3. Annelies’s Ego .....................................................
51
B. Annelies’s Anxiety .........................................................
54
1. Annelies’s Realistic Anxiety ...............................
54
2. Annelies’s Neurotic Anxiety ...............................
54
3. Annelies’s Moral Anxiety ...................................
57
C. Depression of Annelies…................................................
58
D. Discussion .......................................................................
73
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion .......................................................................
77
B. Educational Implication ..................................................
79
C. Suggestion .......................................................................
79
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xi
xii
TOER’S NOVEL THIS EARTH OF MANKIND (1975):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
SOBRI KARTIKA SARI
A 320 100 058
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
A llah SW T, The creator of universe
Thanks for giving m e chance to get study until this grade
M y beloved m om and pa
I love you as you are
Thanks for taking care of m e for all this tim e
M y beloved sister
s isters
ister s
Thanks for the m otivation and love
M y big F am ily
Thanks for supporting m e
v
MOTTO
N othing is im possible, even the w ord itself says I’m possible.
(M ario Teguh)
L ife is to face life, and struggle is for alive
(The R esearcher)
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikumWr. Wb
Alhamdulilahirobbil’alamin praise to Almighty Allah SWT for blessing
and guiding in completing this research papers as partial fulfillment of the
requirement for bachelor degree in English Department. Moreover, the researcher
wants to express her appreciation to some people who give contribution in
finishing this research paper.
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., as the Dean of the school of
Teacher Training and Education,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat Ph.D., as the chief of the school of Teacher
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who
has given the permission to the researcher to make this research,
3. Azhari, S.S., as her academic advisor who always gives guidance during
her study,
4. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum., as the first consultant, for his
guidance, advices and suggestions,
5. Nur Hidayat S.Pd., as the second consultant for his guidance, advices and
suggestions,
6. All of the English Department lectures for their knowledge given to the
researcher,
vii
7. Her beloved parents, for their great love, affection and prayer. Her beloved
father “Parno” who gives strong spirit to finish her study. Her beloved
mother “Darmini” who always prayer for youngest child.
8. Her lovely sister, “Annur Fitriana” who rendering thought, guidance,
supports and affection. From the first time tread Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta until the end. The researcher also say big thanks
for her care in finance and great love.
9. Her lovely sisters “Haris Megawati” and “Annisa Bronia” for their
supports, affection, prayer, happiness, and love.
10. Her beb Kak Sgg “Sugeng Saputro” for love, affection, patience and
supports. Big thanks for the time’s round you’ve passed with me.
11. Her beloved best friends, “Wulandari, Musabaniyati, Luluk Hamidah
and Hezellobit” for helps, supports, affection, and love. Thanks for being
nice friends,
12. Her greatest brother “Pakdhe MasTri” for helps, guidance, advices to
finish the research paper.
13. Her all friends class B “Green Pepper” for all the things that the
researcher will never forget and regret.
14. Those who cannot mentioned one by one for their support to her in
realizing this research paper.
viii
The researcher realizes that this research paper is still far from being
perfect. She welcomes any endorsing suggestion and criticism.She also greatly
expects that this research will be useful and able to give contribution for academic
study and following research.
Wassalamu’alaikumWr. Wb
Surakarta, 2014
The researcher
ix
SUMMARY
Sobri Kartika Sari. A320100058. DEPRESSION OF ANNELIES
REFLECTED AT PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER’S NOVEL THIS
EARTH OF MANKIND (1975): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH,
RESEARCH
PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY
OF
SURAKARTA. 2014.
This study is about depression. The problem of this study is how the
depression of Annelies reflected at Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s novel This Earth of
Mankind (1975). There are two objectives of the study; the first is to analyze the
structural elements of the novel and the second is to analyze the character of
Annelies based on psychoanalytic perspective of Sigmund Freud.
In analyzing This Earth of Mankind, the researcher uses the psychoanalytic
approach and qualitative method. The object of the study is This Earth of Mankind
novel by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. In this research, there are two types of data,
namely primary and secondary data. The primary data is the novel This Earth of
Mankind itself, while the secondary data are taken from some information needed.
The result of the study shows the following conclusions. First, based on
the structural analysis it is clear that this novel illustrates the condition of
Indonesian in the Dutch Colonialism period. Second, based on the psychoanalytic
approach the result shows that the depression is influenced by personality and
anxiety.
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Drs. AbdillahNugroho M. Hum)
(Nur Hidayat S.Pd)
NIK :589
NIK : 771
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE ...................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL .........................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ...................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .......................................................................................
iv
DEDICATION .....................................................................................
v
MOTTO ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................
vii
SUMMARY ..........................................................................................
x
TABLE OF CONTENT .......................................................................
xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .................................................
1
B. Literature Review ............................................................
5
C. Problem Statement ..........................................................
6
D. Limitation of the Study ...................................................
6
E. Objectives of the Study ....................................................
6
F. Benefit of the Study .........................................................
7
G. Research Method .............................................................
7
H. Research Paper Organization ..........................................
9
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Psychoanalysis ................................................
10
B. Structure of Personality ...................................................
11
1. Id ..........................................................................
11
2. Ego .......................................................................
12
3. Superego ..............................................................
13
C. Anxiety ............................................................................
14
1. Reality Anxiety ....................................................
15
2. Neurotic Anxiety ..................................................
15
3. Moral Anxiety ......................................................
15
D. Notion of Depression……..............................................
x
16
1. Reactive Depression ............................................
17
2. Neurotic Depression ............................................
17
3. Endogenous Depression ....................................
17
4. Manic Depression.................................................
18
E. Theoretical Application ...................................................
18
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements .........................................................
19
1. Character and Characterization...........................
19
2. Setting ..................................................................
31
3. Plot .......................................................................
34
4. Point of view ........................................................
36
5. Style .....................................................................
37
6. Theme ...................................................................
42
B. Discussion .......................................................................
42
CHAPTER IV: PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS
A. Structure of Annelies’s Personality ................................
45
1. Annelies’s Id........................................................
45
2. Annelies’s Superego............................................
48
3. Annelies’s Ego .....................................................
51
B. Annelies’s Anxiety .........................................................
54
1. Annelies’s Realistic Anxiety ...............................
54
2. Annelies’s Neurotic Anxiety ...............................
54
3. Annelies’s Moral Anxiety ...................................
57
C. Depression of Annelies…................................................
58
D. Discussion .......................................................................
73
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion .......................................................................
77
B. Educational Implication ..................................................
79
C. Suggestion .......................................................................
79
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xi
xii