S ING 0902360 Table of content
TABLE OF CONTENT
PAGE OF APPROVAL ………………………………………………
i
STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION …………………………….
ii
PREFACE …………………………………………………………….
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …...............................................................
iv
ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………..
vi
TABLE OF CONTENT ………………………………………………
vii
LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………..
ix
LIST OF APPENDICES ……………………………………………..
x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION …………………………………….
1
1.1. Background ………………………………………………………
1
1.2. Research Questions ……………………………………………....
3
1.3. Aims of the Study ………..………………………………….......
3
1.4. Scope of the Study …...………………………………………......
3
1.5. Research Methodology ……..……………………………………
4
1.5.1. Research Design ……………………………………….....
4
1.5.2. Definition of Key Terms …………………………………
4
1.5.3. Data Collection …………………………………………...
4
1.5.4. Data Analysis ………………………………………….....
4
1.6. Organization of the Paper ……………………………………......
5
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ………..………………….
6
2.1. Face ………..………………………………………………………
6
2.2. Politeness ………………………………………………................
8
2.3. Face Threatening Acts (FTAs) ……………………………………
9
2.4. Politeness Strategies ………………………………………………
9
2.4.1. Performing an FTA without any redress (bald-on
record)……………………………………………………..
Moch. Armien Syifaa Sutarjo, 2014
FACE OBSERVANCE IN TWITTER CONVERSATIONS
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
10
2.4.1.1 Bald-on-record without minimizing the face treat
……………………………………………………
11
2.4.1.2.Bald-on-record with FTA-oriented………………
12
2.4.2. Performing an FTA with redress (positive politeness) ….
12
2.4.3. Performing an FTA with redress (negative
politeness)…………………………………........................
16
2.4.4. Performing an FTA using off-record politeness ………….
18
2.5. Previous Research ………………………………………………..
21
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ……………………………
24
3.1. Formulation of Problems …………………………………….......
24
3.2. Research Method ………………………………………...............
24
3.2.1. Research Design ..………………………………………....
24
3.2.2. Participants ……………………………………….............
25
3.2.3. Source of Data Collection ………………………………..
25
3.2.4. Data Collection …………………………………………..
25
3.2.5. Data Analysis …………………………………………….
26
3.2.6. Clarification of Terms ……………………………………
26
3.2.7. Examples of Data Analysis ………………………………
27
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ……………………
30
4.1. Initiation and Response Phenomena ……………………………..
30
4.2. Overall Remarks …………………………………………………
42
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS………………………….…………...
44
5.1. Conclusions ……………………………………………….………
44
5.2. Suggestions ……………………………………………………….
45
References ……………………………………………………………...
46
Appendices
Moch. Armien Syifaa Sutarjo, 2014
FACE OBSERVANCE IN TWITTER CONVERSATIONS
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
PAGE OF APPROVAL ………………………………………………
i
STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION …………………………….
ii
PREFACE …………………………………………………………….
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …...............................................................
iv
ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………..
vi
TABLE OF CONTENT ………………………………………………
vii
LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………..
ix
LIST OF APPENDICES ……………………………………………..
x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION …………………………………….
1
1.1. Background ………………………………………………………
1
1.2. Research Questions ……………………………………………....
3
1.3. Aims of the Study ………..………………………………….......
3
1.4. Scope of the Study …...………………………………………......
3
1.5. Research Methodology ……..……………………………………
4
1.5.1. Research Design ……………………………………….....
4
1.5.2. Definition of Key Terms …………………………………
4
1.5.3. Data Collection …………………………………………...
4
1.5.4. Data Analysis ………………………………………….....
4
1.6. Organization of the Paper ……………………………………......
5
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ………..………………….
6
2.1. Face ………..………………………………………………………
6
2.2. Politeness ………………………………………………................
8
2.3. Face Threatening Acts (FTAs) ……………………………………
9
2.4. Politeness Strategies ………………………………………………
9
2.4.1. Performing an FTA without any redress (bald-on
record)……………………………………………………..
Moch. Armien Syifaa Sutarjo, 2014
FACE OBSERVANCE IN TWITTER CONVERSATIONS
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
10
2.4.1.1 Bald-on-record without minimizing the face treat
……………………………………………………
11
2.4.1.2.Bald-on-record with FTA-oriented………………
12
2.4.2. Performing an FTA with redress (positive politeness) ….
12
2.4.3. Performing an FTA with redress (negative
politeness)…………………………………........................
16
2.4.4. Performing an FTA using off-record politeness ………….
18
2.5. Previous Research ………………………………………………..
21
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ……………………………
24
3.1. Formulation of Problems …………………………………….......
24
3.2. Research Method ………………………………………...............
24
3.2.1. Research Design ..………………………………………....
24
3.2.2. Participants ……………………………………….............
25
3.2.3. Source of Data Collection ………………………………..
25
3.2.4. Data Collection …………………………………………..
25
3.2.5. Data Analysis …………………………………………….
26
3.2.6. Clarification of Terms ……………………………………
26
3.2.7. Examples of Data Analysis ………………………………
27
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ……………………
30
4.1. Initiation and Response Phenomena ……………………………..
30
4.2. Overall Remarks …………………………………………………
42
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS………………………….…………...
44
5.1. Conclusions ……………………………………………….………
44
5.2. Suggestions ……………………………………………………….
45
References ……………………………………………………………...
46
Appendices
Moch. Armien Syifaa Sutarjo, 2014
FACE OBSERVANCE IN TWITTER CONVERSATIONS
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu