Struktur Komunitas Makrofauna Tanah Pada Lahan Pertanian Anorganik dan Organik Di Kabupaten Karo
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKROFAUNA TANAH PADA
LAHAN PERTANIAN ANORGANIK DAN ORGANIK
DI KABUPATEN KARO
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas makrofauna tanah
pada lahan pertanian anorganik dan organik di kabupaten karo, dilakukan pada
bulan Juni 2013. Penempatan plot sampling dengan metode Purposive Random
Sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode Pitfall Trap, Kuadrat
dan Hand Sorting. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan 3 filum. 8 kelas, 17 ordo, 28
famili dan 32 spesies makrofauna tanah. Nilai kepadatan total tertinggi pada
lokasi II (lahan pertanian organik) sebesar 404,100 Ind/m2 sedangkan lokasi I
(lahan pertanian anorganik) sebesar 265,455 Ind/m2. Nilai frekuensi kehadiran
pada kedua lokasi relatif sama yaitu antara Aksidental dan Assesori. Makrofauna
tanah karakteristik yang ditemukan adalah Nitidula rufipes dan Odontoponera
denticulata . Nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi pada lokasi II dengan nilai
sebesar 2,743 sedangkan lokasi I sebesar 2,582. Nilai indeks keseragaman
tertinggi pada lokasi I dengan nilai sebesar 0,823 sedangkan lokasi II sebesar
0,806. Nilai indeks kesamaan makrofauna tanah kedua lokasi tergolong sangat
mirip dengan nilai 79,245%. Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan yang
bervariasi antara faktor fisik dan kimia tanah dengan filum makrofauna tanah
yang ditemukan.
Kata kunci:
Makrofauna tanah, Pertanian Anorganik, Pertanian organik,
Struktur komunitas
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SOIL MACROFAUNA IN
ANORGANIC AND ORGANIC FARMLAND
AT KARO REGENCY
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to know about community structure of soil macrofauna in
anorganic and organic farmland at Karo regency, was done in June 2013. The
sampling point is determined using Purposive Random Sampling. Conducted
using Pitfall Trap, Squares and Hand Sorting method. The number of soil
macrofauna obtained includes 3 phyla, 8 classes, 17 orders, 28 families and 32
species. Location II (organic farmland) has the highest density of 404,100 Ind/m2
while location I (anorganic farmland) has the density of 265,455 Ind/m2. Rated
frequency of attendance at both locations are relatively similar between
Accidental and Assesori. Soil macrofauna characteristics is Nitidula rufipes and
Odontoponera denticulata . The highest diversity index value is obtained at the
location II with a value of 2,743, while the location I has the value of 2,582. The
highest equitability index value is obtained at the location I with a value of 0,823,
while the location II has the value of 0,806. Similarity index value of soil
macrofauna of both locations is very similar to the value of 79,245%. Pearson
correlation test showed varying relationships between soil physical and chemical
factors with soil macrofauna phyla were found.
Keyword: Soil Macrofauna, Anorganik
Community Structure
Farmland,
Organik
Farmland,
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LAHAN PERTANIAN ANORGANIK DAN ORGANIK
DI KABUPATEN KARO
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas makrofauna tanah
pada lahan pertanian anorganik dan organik di kabupaten karo, dilakukan pada
bulan Juni 2013. Penempatan plot sampling dengan metode Purposive Random
Sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode Pitfall Trap, Kuadrat
dan Hand Sorting. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan 3 filum. 8 kelas, 17 ordo, 28
famili dan 32 spesies makrofauna tanah. Nilai kepadatan total tertinggi pada
lokasi II (lahan pertanian organik) sebesar 404,100 Ind/m2 sedangkan lokasi I
(lahan pertanian anorganik) sebesar 265,455 Ind/m2. Nilai frekuensi kehadiran
pada kedua lokasi relatif sama yaitu antara Aksidental dan Assesori. Makrofauna
tanah karakteristik yang ditemukan adalah Nitidula rufipes dan Odontoponera
denticulata . Nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi pada lokasi II dengan nilai
sebesar 2,743 sedangkan lokasi I sebesar 2,582. Nilai indeks keseragaman
tertinggi pada lokasi I dengan nilai sebesar 0,823 sedangkan lokasi II sebesar
0,806. Nilai indeks kesamaan makrofauna tanah kedua lokasi tergolong sangat
mirip dengan nilai 79,245%. Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan yang
bervariasi antara faktor fisik dan kimia tanah dengan filum makrofauna tanah
yang ditemukan.
Kata kunci:
Makrofauna tanah, Pertanian Anorganik, Pertanian organik,
Struktur komunitas
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SOIL MACROFAUNA IN
ANORGANIC AND ORGANIC FARMLAND
AT KARO REGENCY
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to know about community structure of soil macrofauna in
anorganic and organic farmland at Karo regency, was done in June 2013. The
sampling point is determined using Purposive Random Sampling. Conducted
using Pitfall Trap, Squares and Hand Sorting method. The number of soil
macrofauna obtained includes 3 phyla, 8 classes, 17 orders, 28 families and 32
species. Location II (organic farmland) has the highest density of 404,100 Ind/m2
while location I (anorganic farmland) has the density of 265,455 Ind/m2. Rated
frequency of attendance at both locations are relatively similar between
Accidental and Assesori. Soil macrofauna characteristics is Nitidula rufipes and
Odontoponera denticulata . The highest diversity index value is obtained at the
location II with a value of 2,743, while the location I has the value of 2,582. The
highest equitability index value is obtained at the location I with a value of 0,823,
while the location II has the value of 0,806. Similarity index value of soil
macrofauna of both locations is very similar to the value of 79,245%. Pearson
correlation test showed varying relationships between soil physical and chemical
factors with soil macrofauna phyla were found.
Keyword: Soil Macrofauna, Anorganik
Community Structure
Farmland,
Organik
Farmland,
Universitas Sumatera Utara