The influence of unconscious mind in saving Mack to reconcile himself with his anger in William Paul Young`s The Shack
i
THE INFLUENCE OF UNCONSCIOUS MIND IN SAVING
MACK TO RECONCILE HIMSELF WITH HIS ANGER
IN WILLIAM PAUL YOUNG S
THE SHACK
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of
Sarjana Sastra
in English Letters
By
Konstantinus Kapu
Student Number: 104214032
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS
FACULTY OF LETTERS
SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
YOGYAKARTA
2014
(2)
ii
A SarjanaSastraUndergraduate Thesis
THE INFLUENCE OF UNCONSCIOUS MINDIN SAVING
MACK TO RECONCILEHIMSELF WITH HIS ANGER
IN WILLIAM PAUL YOUNG S
THE SHACK
By
KONSTANTINUS KAPU
Student Number: 104214032
Approved by
Dewi Widyastuti, S.Pd., M.Hum.November 3, 2014
Advisor
Dr. F. X. Siswadi, M.A.
November 3, 2014
Co-Advisor
(3)
iii
A SarjanaSastra
Undergraduate Thesis
THE INFLUENCE OF UNCONSCIOUS MIND IN SAVING
MACK TO RECONCILEHIMSELF WITH HIS ANGER
IN WILLIAM PAUL YOUNG S
THE SHACK
By
KonstantinusKapu
Student Number: 104214032
Defended before the Broad of Examiners
on25 November, 2014
and Declared Acceptable
Board of Examiners
Name
Signature
Chairperson :Dr. F.X. Siswadi, M.A
---Secretary
:Dra. A.B.Sri Mulyani, M.A., Ph.D
---Member 1
: Maria Ananta Tri Suryandari, S.S.,
M.Ed---Member 2
: Dr. F.X. Siswadi, M.A
---Member
: Dewi Widyastuti, S.Pd. M.Hum
---Yogyakarta, November 25, 2014
Faculty of Letters
Sanata Dharma University
Dean,
Dr. F.X. Siswadi, M.A
(4)
iv
Nicht ihr habt mich erwählt, sondern ich habe euch erwählt und dazu
bestimmt, da ihr euch aufmacht und Frucht bringt und das eure Frucht
bleibt (Joh. 15:16a).
(You did not choose me, but I chose you and appointed you to go and bear
fruit, fruit that will last)
(5)
v
For my departed parents
and
beloved
family
members, friends who
always support me even
in the dark.
(6)
vi
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH
UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS
Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata
Dharma:
Nama
: Konstantinus Kapu
Nomor Mahasiswa : 104214032
Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada
Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah yang berjudul:
THE INFLUENCE OF UNCONSCIOUS MIND IN SAVING MACK TO
RECONCILE HIMSELF WITH HIS ANGER IN WILLIAM PAUL
YOUNG S
THE SHACK
beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya
memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk
menyimpan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam
bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan
mempublikasikannya di internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis
tanpa perlu izin dari saya maupun memberikan royalty kepada saya selama
tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis.
Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya.
Dibuat di Yogyakarta
Padatanggal 3 November 2014
Yang menyatakan,
KonstantinusKapu
(7)
vii
STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that to the best of my knowledge, the content of this
undergraduate thesis is my own work. This thesis has not been submitted for
any degree or other purposes.
I certify that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own
work and all the assistance received in preparing this thesis and sources have
been acknowledged.
Yogyakarta, November 3, 2014
KonstantinusKapu
(8)
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The first of all, I thank God for his abundant love and guidance in my sweet
and bitter moment of my life. My gratitude goes to all my family members
especially the family of ErykKapu and YetsiWea in Ruteng, Flores, brother
Seskokapu in Warszawa and all my unmentioned brothers and sisters. They
are the reason to start a new life since Mom andDad passed away. Also to
family Hineis (Julia,Sissi,Toni) in Wien, family Tanzer (Harald, Anna, Anni,
Hanes, Lissi, Paul) in Oberösterreich, family Zöl (Resi, Sonia, kathi,
theresia, Siegi) in Wilhering, Divine Word Missionaries, STKIP, my
classmates, friends and my special one at SDU. I am thankful for sharing life,
knowledge and motivation.
Finally, I thank my advisor, DewiWidyastutiS.Pd.,M.Hum.and my co-advisor
Dr. F. X. Siswadi, M. A. for their patience, time, understanding during the
process of this undergraduate thesis and also all the lecturers of English
Letters in Sanata Dharma University. I thank themfor dedication, knowledge
and guidance. It is the blessing upon me to ever have and meet these people in
my life. I just say, when we meet for the first time we are friends but when
we meet for the second time, we are families.
Konstantinus Kapu
(9)
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE ... i
APPROVAL PAGE ...ii
ACCEPTANCE PAGE...iii
MOTTO PAGE ... iv
DEDICATION PAGE... v
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PUBLIKASI ...
vi
STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ...vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMNTS ...viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS... ix
ABSTRACT... x
ABSTRAK ... xi
CHAPTER I :INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. Background of The Study ... 1
B. Problem Formulation ... 3
C. Object of the Study... 3
D. Definition of Terms... 3
CHAPTER II :REVIEW OF LITERATURE... 5
A. Review of Related Studies ... 5
B. Review of Related Theories... 6
1. Theory on Characterization... 6
2. Theory on Anger ... 8
3. Theory on Unconscious Mind... 11
4. The Relation between Psychology and Literature ... 15
C. Theoretical Framework ...15
CHAPTER III :METHOLOGY... 17
A. Object of the Study... 17
B. Approach of the Study ... 18
C. Method of the Study... 19
CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ... 21
A. The Description of the Main Character in the Novel... 21
B. The Description of Main Character s Anger
1. Anger Control... 27
2. Reciprocal Communications... 29
3. Physical Attack of objects ... 30
4. Noisy Arguing ... 31
5. Verbal Assault/Attack... 32
6. Anger-in/suppression... 33
7. Anger-in/critical... 34
8. Corrective Action ... 34
(10)
x
9. Diffusion or distraction... 36
10. Displacement ... 36
C. The Influence of the Unconscious Mind toward the Main Character in
Reconciling Himself with His Anger... 37
1. The Description of the Main Character s Unconscious
Mind... 37
a. Repression... 38
b. Projection ... 40
c. Displacement... 42
d. Reaction Formation... 43
2.
The Influence of the Unconscious Mind in Reconciling
Mack s Anger...45
a. Personal Unconscious ...46
b. Collective Unconscious...48
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION
...52
BIBLIOGRAPHY
...54
APPENDIX
...56
(11)
xi
ABSTRACT
Konstantinus Kapu.
The Influence of Unconscious Mind in Saving Mack to
Reconcile Himself with His Anger in William Paul Young s
The
Shack.
Yogyakarta. Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata
Dharma University, 2014.
Anger happens when someone suffers from pain, insult and injury which
motivate himself/herself to do a revenge. Sometimes anger can be expressed
in the form of words and actions but it can be repressed into the
unconsciousness. In this undergraduate thesis, the writer explains how Mack s
unconscious mind influences himself to overcome his anger until he finally
reconciles himself with his anger.
In this undergraduate thesis, the writer analyzes the unconscious mind of
Mack, the main character in novel
The Shack,
written by William Paul Young.
The problem formulations are divided into three parts. First part is to know the
character of Mack. Second part is to describe the anger of Mack. Third part is
to analyze the influence of unconscious mind in saving Mack to reconcile
himself with his anger.
The method in answering the above problem is by conducting literary
research. The theory of character from Abrams, the theory of anger from
Aristotle and the theory of unconscious mind from Freud and Carl Jung are
the main sources to do answer the problems.
The writer s analysis shows that Mack represses his anger at first because of
his father abuse, the death of his child. These events make Mack hate his own
father, the murderer and God. Mack isolates himself, avoids people and
conversations and mistrusts in God. Mack cannot express his anger and as its
compensation, Mack is using repression, projection, displacement, reaction
formation to reduce his anger. However, the use of such defense mechanism is
only to cover his anger, in which people around him do not know what
Mack s feeling is. This questionable situation is then answered after the car
accident and being unconscious for three days.In this moment, all the
motivations of his projection, reaction formation, replacement and repression
are revealed. As a result Mack easily recognizes that he has forgiven God, his
father and the murderer. Moreover, Mack becomes a person who does not
isolate himself, does not avoid people and conversation and believe in God.
Mack finds his joy and reconciles his anger.
(12)
xii
ABSTRAK
Konstantinus Kapu.
The Influence of Unconscious Mind in Saving Mack to
Reconcile himself with his anger in William Paul Young s
The Shack.
Yogyakarta. Program Studi Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata
Dharma, 2014.
Perasaan amarah terjadi ketika seseorang terluka dan mengalami penderitaan,
penghinaan sehingga memotivasi dirinya untuk melakukan tindakan balas
dendam. Amarah terkadang bisa diluapkan dalam bentuk kata/kata dan
tindakan-tindakan tetapi terkadang juga hal itu hanya dapat dipendam dan
ditekan ke alam bawah sadar. Pada skripsi ini akan dijelaskan bagaimana alam
bawah sadar Mack mempengaruhi dirinya untuk mengatasi amarahnya hingga
akhirnya mampu berrekonsiliasi dengan amarahnya sendiri.
Dalam skripsi ini, penulis menganalisis alam bawah sadar Mack, karakter
utama dalam novel
The Shack
karya William Paul Young. Rincian
permasalahan yang ingin digali terbagi menjadi tiga bagian. Bagian pertama
adalah mengetahui kepribadian Mack. Bagian kedua adalah bagaimana
amarah Mack digambarkan dalam novel. Bagian ketiga adalah menganalisa
pengaruh alam sadar dalam menyelamatkan Mack untuk berrekonsiliasi
dengan amarahnya.
Metode dalam menjawab persoalan di atas adalah dengan melakuan tinjaun
pustaka. Teori kepribadian oleh Abrams, teori amarah oleh Aristotle dan teori
alam bawah sadar oleh Sigmund Freud dan Carl Jung adalah sumber-sumber
utama dalam menjawabi persoalan di atas.
Analisis penulis menunjukan bahwa Mack awalnya memendam amarahnya
oleh karena penyiksaan ayahnya serta kasus terbunuhnya salah satu anaknya.
Kejadian-kejadian ini membuat Mack begitu membenci ayahnya, si
pembunuh dan Tuhan. Mack mengurung diri, menghindari orang dan
percakapan serta tidak mempercayai Tuhan. Mack tak mampu meluapkan
amarahnya dan sebagai kompensasinya, Mack mengunakan represi, projeksi,
displacement dan reaction formation dalam mereduksi amarahnya. Akan
tetapi pasca kecelakaan mobil dan pingsan selama tiga hari, Mack dengan
mudahnya mengakui bahwa ia telah memaafkan Tuhan, ayahnya dan si
pembunuh. Lebih dari itu Mack menjadi pribadi yang tidak lagi mengurung
dirinya, menjauhi orang-orang dan menjadi pribadi yang percaya pada Tuhan.
Mack mampu menemukan kebahagiannya kembali dan berrekonsiliasi dengan
amarahnya.
(13)
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(15)
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B. Problem Formulation
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2. How is Mack s anger depicted?
3. What is the influence of unconscious mind in saving Mack to reconcile
himself with his anger?
C. Objectives of the Study
This writing aims to find out the influence of Mack s unconscious
mind in reconciling himself with his anger. In order to answer the questions
that have been formulated above three objectives are needed. The first
objective to reach is the character which is shown in
he
k
.
A character
can be seen in the way how the character himself behaves or what other
characters say about him.
The second objective is to identify Mack s anger.
The description of the character in
The Shack
conveys Mack s anger. The
third objective is to recognize the unconscious mind of Mack that appears in
the novel
The Shack
which influences him to reconcile himself with his
anger.
D. Definition of Terms
The writer uses some terms in order to get better understanding of
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
(16)
4
this study. The use of terms is taken from the psychoanalysis.
1. Character
The term Character is the person portrayed in a literary work, whether it
is in a dramatic or narrative form, who is explained by the reader as
being bestowed with particular moral, intellectual and emotional
qualities. All these qualities can be taken from what the person says
through dialogue, action and motivation (Abrams, 1999: 33-34).
2. Anger
In the book
Understanding Anger Disorders
(Digiuseppe, 2007: 5), three
early writers (Aristotle, Seneca and Plutarch) all defined anger as a strong
emotion or passion provoked when people suffer or perceive that they
suffer a pain, insult, or injury that motivates the desire for vengeance or
direct actions to punish or gain restitution from the offender.
3. Unconscious Mind
The definition of unconscious mind is descriptive one. Freud said in the
book
Theories of Personality
that the existence of which human being are
not directly aware (Feist, 2010). Jung also argues that the unconscious
mind is not only from personal experiences but also from the distant past
of human s existence. In short, the unconscious mind is a state of being
unaware.
(17)
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êãï ëêì êí å êß æåãä ê å êïà Þß åàí ìï ê.
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