THE TRANSLATOR’S VOICE IN THE TRANSLATED VERSION OF MICHAEL SCOTT’S THE SORCERESS: THE SECRET OF THE IMMORTAL NICHOLAS FLAMEL.

(1)

THE TRANSLATOR’S VOICE IN THE TRANSLATED VERSION OF MICHAEL SCOTT’S THE SORCERESS: THE SECRET OF THE IMMORTAL

NICHOLAS FLAMEL

A Research Paper

Submitted to the English Education Department of the Faculty of Language and Arts Education of the Indonesia University of Education as Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for Sarjana Sastra Degree

BAYU SURYA PURNAMA 0809083

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION INDONESIA UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION

BANDUNG 2013

(2)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

THE TRANSLATOR’S VOICE IN THE TRANSLATED VERSION

OF MICHAEL SCOTT’S

THE SORCERESS: THE SECRET OF

THE IMMORTAL NICHOLAS FLAMEL

Oleh

Bayu Surya Purnama

Sebuah skripsi yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana pada Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni

Juni 2013

Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang.

Skripsi ini tidak boleh diperbanyak seluruhya atau sebagian, dengan dicetak ulang, difoto kopi, atau cara lainnya tanpa ijin dari penulis.

(3)

PAGE OF APPROVAL

The Translator’s Voice in The Translated Version of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel

Bayu Surya Purnama 0809083

Approved by:

First Supervisor

Dr. Hobir Abdullah, M.Pd. NIP. 195202091977021001

Second Supervisor

Susi Septaviana, S.Pd., M.Pd. NIP. 197609042009122002

Head of English Education Department Faculty of Language and Arts Education

(4)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

ABSTRACT

The present study entitled The Translator’s Voice in The Translated Version of

Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel is a

content analysis of Michael Scott’s translated novel by Mohammad Baihaqi focusing on the translator’s voice. The discussion focuses on the strategies which

are used by the translator to contribute his voice. Therefore, the discussion is framed

within the theories of translation strategies (Venuti, 2010) and the translator’s voice in translated narrative (Hermans, 2010). The study utilizes a qualitative method particularly content analysis. The result of the present study shows that three most frequent strategies used by the translator are preservation, omission and addition. The study also discovers that the translator contributes his voice mostly through two cases; case of self-reflexiveness and self-referentiality and case of contextual overdetermination. The study shows that the translator has his voice visible through the use of strategies in foreignization and in the cases above since it may be seen

(5)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION ... Error! Bookmark not defined. PREFACE ... Error! Bookmark not defined. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... Error! Bookmark not defined. ABSTRACT ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... 1 LIST OF TABLES ... Error! Bookmark not defined. LIST OF FIGURE ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.1 Background of the Study ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.2 Statement of Problem ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.3 Aims of the Study ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.4 Significance of the Study ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.5 Research Methods ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.5.1 Research Design ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.5.2 Data Collection ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.5.3 Data Analysis ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.6 Clarification of Terms ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.7 Organization of the Paper... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.1 Translation ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.2 Translation Strategies ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.2.1 Foreignzation-Domestication Continuum ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3 Narrative Voice ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

(6)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

2.5 Previous Studies ... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGYError! Bookmark not defined.

3.1 Formulation of Problem ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.2 Research Method ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.3 Synopsis ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4 Data Collection ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.5 Data Analysis ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.6 Data Presentation ... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONSError! Bookmark not defined.

4.1 Findings ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.1.1 The Translator’s strategies in The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.1.2 The Translator’s Voice in The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.2 Discussions ... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5. 1 Conclusion ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.2. Suggestions ... Error! Bookmark not defined. BIBLIOGRAPHY ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

(7)

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

This chapter contains a brief introduction of the study. It consists of the background, the statement of the problem, aims of the study, significance of the study, research methods, clarification of terms and the organization of paper.

1.1 Background of the Study

Nowadays, society has a strong urge to fulfill their needs towards information. They seek information from around the world to satisfy their needs. Moreover, the presence of globalization and technological advances help the society to get information from around the world. However, language barriers have become an obstacle in getting the information. Brisset (cited in Venuti, 2000, p.333) affirms that translation is a dual-act of communication which involves both source text and target text. Hence, translation plays an important role as the media of communication and helps society to fulfill their needs towards information.

Translation can be defined as a process of transferring meaning from source language (SL) to target language (TL) (Larson, 1984, p.3; Newmark, 1988, p.5), and it specifically deals with written text (Munday, 2008, p.5). In other words, the meaning is still the same but the form of source language may change in the target

(8)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

language. Thus, translation consists of studying lexicon, grammatical structure, communication studies, and cultural context both source language and target language (Larson, 1984, p.3).

When translators translate a text, they use several methods or strategies in translation. Newmark (1988) identifies several strategies that can be classified into two categories. The first strategy is source language oriented. It is word-for-word translation, literal translation, faithful translation and semantic translation. Then second strategy is target language oriented. It is communicative translation, idiomatic translation, free translation, and adaptation. In line with Newmark (1988), Venuti (2010) also identifies other methods which are used by translators. They are foreignization and domestication. Foreignization refers to the process of pressuring on domestic values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of a foreign text. Meanwhile, domestication refers to the process of change of a foreign text to target-language cultural value.

The process of translation may change the structure of the source text. In addition to the structures, the process also changes other aspects of the text such as ideology or world view manifested in the text and voice especially in narrative. The changes of ideology have been demonstrated by several scholars. For examples, Mason (2010) conducted a study by investigating the traces of systematic ideological shifts in the language used in a text about Mexican history and translation. Meanwhile, Nornes (2010) investigated the way in which Paul Rotha‟s work on

(9)

documentary film was imported and recieved by Japanese theory of cinema. Baker (2010) conducted a research by using the concept of framing on several translations, for example Arabic translation of Samuel Huntington‟s The Clash of Civilizations.

The change of voice especially in translated narrative has been demonstrated by Hermans (2010). He investigated the translator‟s voice in Max Havelaar novel by

Multatuli published in 1860. It is originally written in Dutch, and it was translated into English, French and Spanish. The study discovered three kinds of discursive presence of the translator‟s voice and it also discovered ideology underlying the translated texts.

Hermans (2010) affirms that the translated narrative discourse contains second voice or in his term „translator‟s voice‟. This voice may be identified directly in the text; however, it may be hidden behind the narrator of the narrative text. The degree of visibility of the translator‟s voice depends on the translation strategies which are used in certain situation or cases. Hermans (2010, p.198) has identified several situation or cases in which the translators manifest their voice in the texts. Those cases are texts‟ orientation towards an implied reader, cases of self-reflexiveness and self-referentiality and case of „contextual overdetermination‟.

As globalization and technical advances overtly invade the world by providing a large and various amount of information, the obstacle concerning language barriers is considered to be unnecessary. Thus, the needs of translation have been increasing and later causing the product of translation significantly intensifying.

(10)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

The abundance numbers of translation product especially in novels contain different voices which do not merely came from the author in nature. The product of translation may consist of more than one voice including the voice of the author or the translator. Readers may not realize the discursive presence of the translator‟s voice, however, the translator‟s voice does exist.

The present study investigates the discursive presence of the translator‟s voice in translated narrative. It specifically examines The Sorceress: The Secret of the

Immortal Nicholas Flamel (United States: Delacorte Press, 2009), a novel by Irish

author Michael Scott and translated into Indonesian language by Mohammad Baihaqi (Indonesia: Matahati, 2010). The novel tells about magical adventure of 15-years-old twins named Josh and Sophie Newman and a spouse named Nicholas and Perenelle Flamel in battling against dark elders who want to conquer the world by bringing back their golden age and making human as their slave and food. The present study analyses the strategies used by the translator and how the translator contribute his voice in the translated text.

1.2 Statement of Problem

The present study is guided by the following questions:

1. In what strategies does the translator contribute his voice in translating Michael Scott‟s The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel?

(11)

1.3 Aims of the Study

Based on the questions above, the study aims to:

1. Reveal the strategies which are used by the translator to contribute his voice.

1.4 Significance of the Study

This study has three essential significances. The first is a potential to enrich the finding of previous research. It was expected to add new information, knowledge and understanding about the translator‟s voice in translated narrative. Then, this study was also expected to provide good practical guidance for other translators in translating narrative text. Finally, the study is expected to be a guidance for readers and researchers in analyzing the translator‟s voice in translated narrative.

1.5 Research Methods

1.5.1 Research Design

This study is conducted within qualitative approach and descriptive method to describe and interpret data. According to Fraenkel and Wallen (1993, p.380), qualitative research deals with the analysis of the qualitative relationship, activities, situations or materials. The present study deals with data in a form of text. Hence, qualitative approach is a proper method to be applied in the study. As mentioned by Walliman (2011, p.130), qualitative approach emphasizes words rather than number. In regard to analyzing the data, this study employs content analysis. As proposed by

(12)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

Hancock (2002, p.17), content analysis is a step to categorize the data, for purposes of classification, summarization and tabulation.

1.5.2 Data Collection

The present study conducted several steps in collecting the data which includes setting the boundaries for the study, identifying the purposefully selected files and indicating the type of the data to be collected (Creswell, 2003, p.187-188). The data were collected from a novel entitled The Sorceress: The Secret of the

Immortal Nicholas Flamel by Michael Scott and its Indonesian version which is

translated by Mohammad Baihaqi. The data did not cover every part of the novel; rather, it covered the beginning part, the middle part as well as the last part of the novel. It was purposively chosen to represent the whole novel and to simplify the study. As stated by Creswell (2003), choosing participants or sites purposively helps the study in understanding the problem and research questions. Due to the study mostly deals with narrative textual analysis, the data of the study are in the form of words, phrases, clauses and sentences.

1.5.3 Data Analysis

After the data had been collected, they were analyzed by using content analysis method. Content analysis consists of two levels of analysis; they are descriptive level and interpretative level (Hancock, 2002, p.17). The first step is a close reading of both source text and target text to get the gist of the story and it was done to get a glimpse of discursive presence of the translator‟s voice in the translated

(13)

text. The next step is to identify and label the data based on Hermans‟ (2010) framework on the translator‟s voice in the translated narrative. Then the data were analyzed based on the frameworks of Hermans (2010) and Venuti (2010) in order to answer the research questions. After analyzing the data, the data are presented by using narrative passage to convey the findings. And the last step is to make an interpretation of the data.

1.6 Clarification of Terms

In order to avoid ambiguity or confusion, there are terms that should be clarified.

1. Voice : “Voice refers to the speech or other overt means through which events and existents are communicated to the audience” (Chatman, 1978, p.153).

2. Translator‟s Voice : It is an “index of the translator‟s discursive presence” where he/she has “to come out of the shadow and directly intervene in a text which the reader had been led to believe spoke only with one voice” (Hermans, 1996, p.27)

3. Foreignization : Foreignization deals with the process of

pressuring on domestic values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of a foreign

(14)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

text. It can help reader in understanding expressions or terms of foreign languages and enrich vocabularies in target language and culture (Venuti, 2010).

4. Domestication : In contrast to foreignization, domestication associates with the process of changes of a foreign text to target language cultural value. Domestication can make the translated text natural and smooth (Venuti, 2010).

5. Narrative : It refers to the series of events, real or

fictitious, that are the subjects of the discourse, and their several relations of linking, opposition, repetition, etc (Genette, 1987).

1.7 Organization of the Paper

The paper of the study is organized into five chapters. The first chapter is

Introduction and it deals with an introduction of the study. It consists of background

of the study, statement of the problem, aims of the study, significance of the study, research method and organization of the paper. The second chapter is Literature

Review and it involves theoretical review ad previous studies which are related to the

study. The next chapter is Research Methodology. This chapter describes all steps and procedures of the study. The fourth chapter is Findings and Discussion which describes collected data, analysis and discussion of findings. The last chapter is

(15)

Conclusion and Suggestion. This last chapter contains the interpretation towards the

result of the research in the form of conclusion and suggestion in accordance with the study.

(16)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter is an elaboration of steps and procedures of the study. It encompasses of problems of the study which are formulated in question, an elaboration of research design, process of how the data is collected and an elaboration of how data is analyzed and interpreted.

3.1 Formulation of Problem

The problem of the study is formulated as follows:

1. In what strategies does the translator contribute his voice in

translating Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel?

3.2 Research Method

In order to achieve the aims of the study, this study employed qualitative approach and descriptive method to describe and interpret data. Creswell (2004, p.12) stated that qualitative approach tends to explore the unknown variable, ask broad and general question to the participants, collect data of words and report all the study in subjective way. In addition, qualitative research deals with investigating the quality of relationship, activities, situations or materials (Fraenkel and Wallen, 1993, p.380).

(17)

Qualitative research “aims to help us understand the world in which we live and why things are the way they are” (Hancock, 2002, p.2).

Qualitative method depends on data expressed mostly in the form of words rather than number (Walliman, 2011, p.130). As mentioned also by Creswell (2003,

p.197) “qualitative procedures rely on text and image data”. In other words,

qualitative research asserts on the data presentation which is described descriptively. Hence, in describing and interpreting data, this study employed descriptive method. Descriptive method encompasses collecting data to answer question involving correct status of subject of the study (Gay, 1987, p.139). Gay added this method discovers and describes the way things are. Since the data are in the form of text, qualitative method is a proper method to be applied in this study.

In regard to the content of the study which is in the form of text, this study applied content analysis to analyze the strategies which are used mostly by the translator and how the translator contributes his voice in the translated text. Content analysis deals with categorization of data with the aim of classification, summarization and tabulation (Hancock, 2002, p.17). Furthermore, Hancock (2002) added there are two levels in analyzing content. The first and basic level is descriptive account of the data and it is called as manifest level or type of analysis. This level presents what was actually stated without trying to read into them and assuming about them. The next higher level is interpretative and it is called as latent level of analysis. This level involves with what is meant and what implied by the text.

(18)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

3.3 Synopsis

The Sorceress (United States: Delacorte Press, 2009) is the third novel of a

fantasy series entitled The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel by Irish author Michael Scott. Michael Scott is well known as a master of mythology and folklore and considered as on of Ireland’s most successful author. The novel tells about magical adventure of 15-years-old twins named Josh and Sophie Newman and a spouse named Nicholas and Perenelle Flamel in battling against dark elders who want to conquer the world by bringing back their golden age and making human as their slave and food. The dark elders are assisted by the immortals who work for them.

Josh, Sophie and Nicholas managed to escape from Dr. John Dee in California and Nicollo Machiaveli in Paris but they missed Scathach in Paris. Dee hade the Codex, but he still needed the last two pages of the Codex which were ripped by Josh

back in Nicholas’ bookshop in San Fransisco, California. He also needed the twins to

complete the process of summoning the dark elders into the world. Both Sophie and

Josh’s magical ability has been awaken. Sophie had mastered elements of air and fire and she had all of Witch of Endor’s memories. While Josh had not mastered any

elements but he had received military knowledge from Mars Ultor. Perenelle was trapped in Alcatraz which is owned by Dee. She was nearly killed by Sphinx and she was helped by spider elder Aerop-Enap.

Nicholas, Josh and Shopie arrived in London. Francis asked Palamedes a favor to help Nicholas and the twin. Palamedes took Nicholas, Josh and Sophie into

(19)

his junkyard in London. Then, Nicholas, Josh and Sophie met William Shakespeare.

Meanwhile, the dark elders were disappointed in Dee’s continuous failure. The

monster had awaken an archon named Cernunnos or well known as the Horned God to help Dee chasing after Nicholas and the twins. Then, the Horned God with wild hunts and Dee attacked the Junkyard. Nicholas, Josh, Sophie, Palamedes and William put a fight with help from Gabriel Hounds who were loyal to William. Once again, Nicholas, Josh, Sophie and Palamedes managed to escape and headed to find Gilgamesh the King to ask him a favor to teach the twins element of water.

Meantime, Perenelle found herself trapped in Alcatraz with Aerop-Enap. She could not escape because the sea was guarded by Nereus the old man of sea and his daughters. The Sphinx also kept looking for her, but with the help from a ghost named Juan Manuel de Ayala she managed to survive. Perenelle made a contact with Scathach and Joan of Arc by scrying and asked her a favor. Then, Scathach and Joan of Arc used ley line to help Perenelle but they were trapped in the past. Nicollo Machiaveli joined a force with Billy the Kid to kill Perenelle, but she tricked them and stole their boat to go back to the mainland with her new ally, the Crow Goddesses.

Gilgamesh the King agreed to teach the twins element of water with a condition. But their auras had attracted all the creatures to catch them including Dee and the Horned God. Nicholas, Josh, Sophie, Gilgamesh and Palamedes were

(20)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

attacked but they escaped and went to Stonehenge to find ley line. With the twins’

power, they activate ley line and went back to San Fransisco and met Perenelle.

3.4 Data Collection

Immortal Nicholas Flamel by Michael Scott and its Indonesian version which is

translated by Mohammad Baihaqi. The data did not cover every part of the novel; rather, it covered the beginning part, the middle part and the last part of the novel. It was purposively chosen to represent the whole novel and to simplify the study. As stated by Creswell (2003), choosing participants or sites purposively helps the study in understanding the problem and research questions. Due to the study mostly deals with narrative textual analysis, the data of the study are in the form of words, phrases, clauses and sentences.

3.5 Data Analysis

After collecting the data, the data were analyzed by conducting the two levels of content analysis with the purpose of identifying the issue of the translator’s voice in The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel (United States: Delacorte Press, 2009). In conducting the content analysis the following steps have been taken as follows:

(21)

 The first step was reading closely the novel both the source text and the target text to get the gist of the story. It was done to understand and to discover the

issues presented in Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel. Throughout the reading process, the textual evidences were

highlighted and gathered regarding the strategies which are used by the

translator in relation to the translator’s voice.

 The second step was identifying and labeling the textual evidence by writing brief notes in the highlighted textual evidence that are related to the strategies which are used by the translator.

 The third step was arranging the textual evidences into the form of tables in order to make the next analysis easier to be proceeded. In this state, the study had encountered the basic level of content analysis which is known as the manifest level.

 The fourth step were analyzing the textual evidences, presenting and interpreting the data related to the theories that had been elaborated in Chapter II to answer the research question. Thus far, the content analysis encountered the higher analysis which is known as latent level.

 The final step was discussing the findings to draw a conclusion.

3.6 Data Presentation

To complete the analysis of the study, the presentation of the data was designed in the form of table. The table presentations were also aimed to answer the

(22)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

research question in the orderly form. The complete presentation of the data is available in the appendices section. The excerpts of the table presentation are as follow:

No English Version Indonesian Version

1 Grabbing the twins’ arms, he pulled

them out into the sleeting rain, turned to the right and dragged them down the street. (p.7)

Dia meraih lengan si kembar, menarik mereka ke tengah-tengah guyuran hujan bercampur salju, berbelok ke kanan menuju jalan raya. (p.21)

2 She knew if she got too cold, she

wouldn’t be able to think cleary,...

(p.19)

Wanita itu paham kalau dia sampai kedinginan, dirinya takkan mampu berpikir tajam. (p.55)

(23)

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

This chapter provides the conclusions of the study which are based on the findings and discussions in the previous chapter. It also presents the suggestions for readers as well as other researchers who might have an interest in conducting further

research related to translator’s voice and translation strategy.

5. 1 Conclusion

The present study is aimed to investigate translator’s strategies mostly used by the translator and how the translator’s voice is contributed in the translated version of

Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel by

Mohammad Baihaqi. After conducting the research and analyzing the findings, it is found that the translator used ten strategies in translating the source text into the translated text. The data were collected from one hundred and five samples from several selected chapters in the beginning part, the middle part, and the last part of the novel. The three most common strategies used are Preservation, Omission, and Addition strategies. The study also discovers that the translator contributes his voice mostly through two cases; case of self-reflexiveness and self-referentiality and case of contextual overdetermination.

(24)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

The findings indicate that the translation is attached to the translator’s intervention by contributing his voice in the translated text. The translator’s voice may be identified directly in the text or it may be hidden behind the narrator of the narrative text. The intervention of the translator can be identified through the strategies which are used by the translator. Besides, the intervention of the translator

is a violation of the translators’ code of ethic. However, it is allowed as long as the

translator could connect between the author and the reader.

5.2. Suggestions

The study suggested several suggestions for those who are interested to further study in the similar area or topic. The further study could elaborate more on

the translation strategies and the translator’s voice in the translated narrative text. Regarding the novel, the study suggests that further researcher may discuss some

other researchable issues in the translation strategies or the translator’s voice, for instance the construction of translator’s voice. The study also suggests that English department should provide their students with more developed and significant sources

concerning translation or translator’s voice in particular. This is aimed to help

(25)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Baker, M. (1992). In Other Words: A Course Book on Translation. London: Routledge.

Baker, M. (2010). Critical Reading in Translation Studies. New York: British Library.

Catford, J.C. (1965). A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford University Press.

Chatman, S. (1978). Story and Discourse. Narrative Structure in Fiction and

Film. London: Cornell University Press.

Creswell, J.W. (2003). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed

Method Approaches. New York: Sage Publication Ltd.

Fraenkel, J.R. & Wallen, N.G. (1993). How to Design and Evaluate Research in

Education (2nd Ed). New York: McGraw Hill.

Gay, L.R. (1987). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and

Application. New York: Merrill Publishing Co.

Genette, G. (1980). Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method. New York: Cornell University Press.

Hancock, B. (2002). An Introduction to Qualitative Research (2nd Ed). Nottingham: Trent Focus Group.

Hermans, T. (1996). The Translator’s Voice in Translated Narrative. New York: British Library.

Hermans, T. (2010). The Translator’s Voice in Translated Narrative. In Baker, M,

Critical Reading in Translation Studies (pp. 193-212). New York: British

Library.

Houbert, F. (1998). Translation as a Communication Process in Translation

Journal and the Authors. Available at:

(26)

Bayu Surya Purnama, 2013

The Translator’s Voice In The Translated Version Of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret Of The Immortal Nicholas Flamel

Jiang, C. (2012). Rethinking the Translator’s voice. Hongkong: City University of Hongkong.

Larson, L.M. (1984). Meaning-based Translation (2nd Ed). New York: University Press of America.

Leppihalme, R. (1994). Culture Bumps: On the Translation of Allusions. Helsinki: University of Helsinki.

Madre, A. (2005). Ideology, Subversion, and The Translator’s Voice: a

Comparative Analysis of the French and English Translation of Guillermo

Cabrera Infante’s Tres Tristes Tigres. Canada: University of Ottawa.

Mason, I. (2010). Discourse, Ideology and Translation. In Baker, M, Critical Reading in Translation Studies (pp. 83-95). New York: British Library.

Munday, J. (2001). Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and Application. London: Routledge.

Newmark, P. (1988). A Textbook of Translation. London: Prentice Hall.

Nornes, A. M. (2010). Paul Rotha and the Politics of Translation. In Baker, M,

Critical Reading in Translation Studies (pp. 97-112). New York: British

Library.

Pedersen, J. (2005). How is Culture Rendered in Subtitle?. Stockholm. Available at: http://www.euroconferences.info/proceedings/2005.Pedersen.Jan.pdf

Pekkanen, H. (2007). The Duet of the Author and the Translator: Looking at Style

through Shifts in Literary Translation. Finland: University of Helsinki.

Pekkanen, H. (2007). The Translator’s Voice in Focalization. Finland: University of Helsinki.

Scott, M. (2009). The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel. United States: Delacorte Press.

Scott, M. (2010). The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel. Indonesia: Penerbit Matahati.

Venuti, L. (1995). The Translator’s Invinsibility: A History of Translation. London: Routledge.

(27)

Venuti, L. (2000). The Translation Studies Render. New York: Routledge.

Venuti, L. (2010). Translation as Cultural Politics: Régimes of Domestication in English. In Baker, M, Critical Reading in Translation Studies

(pp. 193-212). New York: British Library.

Walliman, N. (2011). Research Methods – The Basic. London & New York:

(1)

research question in the orderly form. The complete presentation of the data is available in the appendices section. The excerpts of the table presentation are as follow:

No English Version Indonesian Version

1 Grabbing the twins’ arms, he pulled them out into the sleeting rain, turned to the right and dragged them down the street. (p.7)

Dia meraih lengan si kembar, menarik mereka ke tengah-tengah guyuran hujan bercampur salju, berbelok ke kanan menuju jalan raya. (p.21)

2 She knew if she got too cold, she wouldn’t be able to think cleary,... (p.19)

Wanita itu paham kalau dia sampai kedinginan, dirinya takkan mampu berpikir tajam. (p.55)

(2)

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

5. 1 Conclusion

The present study is aimed to investigate translator’s strategies mostly used by the translator and how the translator’s voice is contributed in the translated version of Michael Scott’s The Sorceress: The Secret of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel by

(3)

5.2. Suggestions

The study suggested several suggestions for those who are interested to further study in the similar area or topic. The further study could elaborate more on the translation strategies and the translator’s voice in the translated narrative text. Regarding the novel, the study suggests that further researcher may discuss some other researchable issues in the translation strategies or the translator’s voice, for instance the construction of translator’s voice. The study also suggests that English department should provide their students with more developed and significant sources concerning translation or translator’s voice in particular. This is aimed to help students to have more knowledge in doing their research.