Uji Aktivitas Penghambatan Diare Ekstrak Etanol Daun Srikaya (Annona squamosa L.) terhadap Mencit Jantan
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Adnyana, K., Elin Y., Joseph, I. S, dan Muhammad, I. (2004). Efek Ekstrak Daun
Jambu Biji Daging Buah Putih dan Jambu Biji Daging Buah Merah
sebagai Antidiare. Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia. 29(1): 19-27.
Agrawal, M., Yogesh A., Prakash I., and Amruta K. (2012). Phytochemical and
HPLTC Studies of Various Extract of Annona squamosa (Annonaceae).
International Journal of PharmTech Research. 4(1): 364-368.
Ahadi, M.R. (2003). Kandungan Tanin Terkondensasi dan Laju Dekomposisi
pada Serasah Daun Rhizospora mucronata pada Ekosistem Tambak
Tumpangsari, Purwakarta. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Alaudin, D. (1992). Telaah Fitokimia Kulit Batang Srikaya. JF FMIPA ITB.
Ammon, H. V., Thomas, P.J., and Phillips, S. F. (1974). Effects of oleic and
ricinoleic acids on net jejunal water and electrolyte movement. Perfusion
studies in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 53: 374-379.
Anief, M. (1995). Ilmu Meracik Obat, Teori dan Praktik. Cetakan Kelima.
Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Halaman 107.
Anonim. (2004). Reviews on Indian Medicinal Plants. I.C.M.R. Vol 2: 353-357.
Chavan, M.J., Wakte P.S., Shinde D.B. (2010). Analgesic and Antiinflamatory
Activity of Caryophyllene Oxide from Annona squamosa L. bark.
Phytomedicine. 17: 149-151.
Chitme, H.R., Chandra, R., and Kaushik, S. (2004). Studies on Anti-Diarrhea
Activity of Calotropis gigantean R. BR. in Experimental Animals. J
Pharm Pharmaceut Sci. 7(1): 70-74.
Clinton, C. (2009). Plants Tannins a Novel Approach to the Treament of
Ulcerative Colitis. Natural Medicine Journal. 2: 1-3.
Darmono, D. (2011). Buku Ajar Farmakologi Eksperimental. Jakarta: UI Press.
Halaman 3-5.
Departemen Kesehatan RI. (2011). Buku Saku Petugas Kesehatan. Jakarta:
Departemen Kesehatan RI. Halaman 8.
Departemen Kesehatan RI. (1985). Cara Pembuatan Simplisia. Jakarta:
Departemen Kesehatan RI. Halaman 10.
Dinesh, K.Y., Neetu, S., Kapil, D., Rolee, S., Mahendra, S., Gautam, P., Rakesh,
M. Anti-ulcer constituents of Annona squamosa twigs. Fitoterapia. 82:
666-675.
54
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ditjen, POM. (1995). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi Keempat. Jakarta: Departemen
Kesehatan RI. Halaman 9.
Ditjen POM. (1995). Materia Medika Indonesia. Jilid VI. Jakarta: Departemen
Kesehatan RI. Halaman 300-306, 323-326.
Djuanda, A. dkk. (2016) MIMS Petunjuk Konsultasi. Jakarta: PT Bhuana Ilmu
Populer (Kelompok Gramedia). Halaman A72.
Farnsworth, N.R. (1966). Biological and Phytochemical Scrinning of Plants.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 55(3): 257.
Farthing M, Salam MA, Lindberg G, Dite P. (2013). Acute Diarrhea in Adults and
Children: A global perspective. World Gastroenterology Organisation
Global Guidelines. J Clin Gastroenterol. 47(1): 12-20.
Finkel, R., Michelle A. C., Luigi, X. C. (2009). Farmakologi. Ulasan Bergambar.
Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC. Halaman: 400.
Gajalakshmi S., R. Divya, V. Divya Deepika, , and A. Sathiavelu. (2011).
Pharmacological Activities of Annona Squamosa: A Review.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and
Research.10 (2): 24-29.
Goodman, S.L., and Gilman, A. (1996). The Pharmacological Basis of
Therapeutics. 9th edition. USA: McGraw-Hill. Halaman 927.
Haijun, Y., Ning, Z., Xiang L., Jianwei C., Baochang C.(2009). Structure-activity
relationships of diverse annonaceous acetogenins againts human tumor
cells. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 19: 2199-2202.
Harborne, J.B. (1998). Phytochemical Methods. London: Chapman & Hall.
Halaman 60-66.
Harborne, J.B. (1987). Metode Fitokimia, Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisa
Tumbuhan. Terjemahan Kosasih Padmawinata. Edisi II. Bandung: ITB
Press. Halaman 147.
Havagiray, R., Ramesh, C., Sadhna, K. (2004). Study of antidiarrhoeal activity of
Calotropis gigantean R. B. R. In experimental animals. J Pharma
Pharmaceut Sci. 7: 70-75.
Hiroshi, M., Toru, L., Chee-Yan, C., Kit-Lam, C., Koichi, T., Jun’ichi, K. ( 2006).
Vasorelaxant activity of cyclic peptide, cyclosquamosin B from Annona
squamosa. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 16: 4609-4611.
Huntington, H.P. (2000). Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Science:
Methods and Applications. Ecological Applications. 10(5): 1270-1274.
55
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ikawati, Z. (2008). Pengantar Farmakologi Molekuler. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada
University Press. Halaman 50, 78-81.
Jeevan-Ram, A., Bhakshu, L.M., and Venkata Raju, R.R. (2004). In Vitro
Antimicrobial Activity of Certain Medicinal Plants from Eastern Ghats,
India, Used for Skin Diseases. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 90(2-3):
353-357.
Katzung, B.G. (2007). Farmakologi Dasar & Klinik. Edisi 10. Jakarta: Penerbit
Buku Kedokteran. Halaman 1063.
Kaur, R., Komalpreet K., Pawandeep K., and Iqbal S. (2015). Sitaphal:
Unexplored Therapeutic Potential. Asian Journal of Research in
Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 3(4): 129-141.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2011). Situasi Diare di Indonesia. Jakarta:
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Halaman 5-7.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2013). Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Kementerian
Kesehatan RI. Halaman 110-113.
Khoirul, M dan Arifah. (2010). Sapu Bersih Semua Penyakit dengan Ramuan
Tradisional. Yogyakarta: Citra Media.
[KKIPM] Kelompok Kerja Ilmiah Phyto Medica. (1993). Penapisan Farmakologi
Pengujian Fitokimia dan Pengujian Klinik. Jakarta: Yayasan
Pengembangan Obat Bahan Alam Phytomedica. Halaman 19-21.
Kokate, C.K. (1994). Practical Pharmacognosy. Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi,
India. Halaman 107-113.
Longanga, O.A., Vercruysse, A., and Foriers, A. (2000). Contribution to The
Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies of
Traditionally Used Medicinal Plant in The Treatment of Dysentery and
Diarrhoea in Lomela Area, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Journal Ethnopharmacol. 71(3): 411-423.
Lutterodt, G.D. (1989). Inbition of Gastrointestinal Release of the Acetylcoline by
Quercetin as A Possible Mode of Action of Psidium guajava Leaf Extract
in The Treatment of Acute Diarrhoeal Disease. Jetnopharmacol. 3(25):
235-247.
Mujeeb, M., Khan, S.A., Ali, M., Mall, A., and Ahmad A. (2009). Antidiabetic
activity of the aqueous extract of Annona squamosa in streptozotosin
induced-hyperglycemic rats. The Pharma Research. 2: 59-63.
Mukhlesur, R.M., Shahnaj, P., Ekramul, H.M., Ekramul I.M., Mohammad A.,
Mosaddik, B. (2005). Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Constituents from the
seeds of Annona squamosa. Fitoterapia. 76: 484-489.
56
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mutschler, E. (1999). Dinamika Obat. Edisi Kelima. Cetakan Ketiga. Bandung:
Penerbit ITB. Halaman 521-542.
Mohamed. S.L., Ramkanth, S., Azagusundharam, M., Gnanaprakash, K.,
Thiruvengada, R., Vasanthi, S., Gauthaman, K. ( 2011). Protective effect
of methanolic extract of Annona squamosa L. in isoniazid-rifampicin
induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci. 24(2): 129-134.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease. (2011).
Diarrhea. National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. NIH
Publication. 11: 2749.
Nuratmi, B., Wien, W., dan Siti, S. (1999). Khasiat Daun Salam (Eugenia
polyantha Wight) sebagai Antidiare pada Tikus Putih. Media Litbangkes
Edisi Khusus “ Obat Asli Indonesia”. 8(3): 14-17.
Otshudi, L.A., Vercruysse, A., and Foriers, A. (2000). Contribution to The
Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies of
Traditionally Used Medicinal Plant in The Treatment of Dysentery and
Diarrhoea in Lomela Area, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Journal Ethnopharmacol. 71(3): 411-423.
Perez, G.S, Perez G.C, Zavala M.A.(2005). A Study of Antidiarrhoeal Properties
of Loeselia Mexicana on Mice and Rats. Phytomed. 12(9): 670-674.
Purwita, A.A., Novita, K.I., dan Guntur, T. (2013). Penggunaan Ekstrak Daun
Srikaya (Annona squamosa) sebagai Pengendali Jamur Fusarium
oxysporum secara In Vitro. LenteraBio. 2(2): 179-183.
Rajesh, K.G., Achyut, N.K., Sandhya, D., Ameetabh, T., Vibha, T., Ramesh., C.,
GeetaWatal. In vivo evaluation of anti-oxidant and anti-lipidimic
potential of Annona squamosa aqueous extract in type 2 diabetic models.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 6: 569-575.
Rajsekhar, S. (2011) Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology of Annona squamosa: A
Review. Int. J. of Pharm. & Life Sci. 2 (10): 1183-1189.
Randall. M.D., Stephen, A., dan Kendall D. (2009). Fasttrack. Pharmacology.
London: Pharmaceutical Press. Halaman 98.
Sabella, R. (2009). 101 Terapi Herbal, Buah dan Sayuran untuk Diabetes, Cara
Cerdas Melibas Diabetes. Klaten: Abata Sehat. Halaman 32-33.
Sen, S., Chakraborty, R., Sridhar, C., Reddy YSR, De B. (2010). Free Radicals,
Antioxidants, Diseases and Phytomedicines: Current Status and Future
Prospect. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and
Research. 3(1): 91-100.
Shiramane, R.S., Biradar, K.V., Chivde, B.V., and Gout, V. (2011). In-vivo
Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Delonix Regia Flowers in
57
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Experimental Induced Diarrhoea in Wistar Albino Rats. International
Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry. 1(3): 2231-2781.
Srilakshmi, S., Sravanthi, KC., Sarvani, M., Krishnaharsha A., Karteek P. (2011).
Anthelmintic activity of Annona squamosa seed extract. International
Journal of Pharmacy & Technology. 3(1): 1623-1628.
Srivastava, S., V.K Lal. (2011). Medicinal Potential of Annona squamosa: At a
Glance. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 4(11): 4596-4598.
Sumiwi, SA., Rini, H., dan Irfani, S. Aktivitas Antidiare Ekstrak Etanol Kulit
Batang Sintok dengan Metode Transit Intestinal pada Mencit.
Tan, H.T dan Kirana, R. (2007). Obat-Obat Penting. Khasiat, Penggunaan, dan
Efek-Efek Sampingnya. Edisi Keenam. Jakarta: PT Elex Media
Komputindo. Halaman 296.
Tripathi, K.D., (2008). Essential of Medical Pharmacology. Six edition. New
Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Ltd. Halaman 847.
Vanitha, V, K. J. Umadevi, and K Vijayalakshmi. (2011). Determination of
Bioactive Components of Annona squamosa Leaf by GC-MS Analysis.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research.
3(4): 309-312.
Vijayaraghavan, K., S. Mohamed Ali, R. Maruthi. (2013). Studies On
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Chromolaena
Odorata and Annona squamosa. International Journal of Innovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technologi. 2(12): 7315-7321.
Vohora S.B., Kumar, I., Naqvi, S.A.H. (1975). Phytochemical, Pharmacological,
Antibacterial and Antiovulatory Studies on Annona squamosa. Planta
Medica 28: 96-100.
Wandasari, F., Ruslan, K. dan Kusmardiyani, S., 2007, Telaah Fitokimia Daun
Srikaya (Anona Squamosa L.) yang berasal dari dua lokasi tumbuh,
Skripsi, Penelitian Obat Bahan Alam, Sekolah Farmasi ITB, Bandung.
World
Health
Organization.
(2013).
Diarrhoeal
disease.
(http://www.who.int/topics/diarrhoea/en/ diakses pada tanggal 05
Agustus 2016).
World Health Organization. (2013). Fact sheet on diarrhoeal disease.
(http://www.who.int/entity/mediacentre/factsheets/fs330/en/ diakses pada
tanggal 05 Agustus 2016).
World Gastroenterology Organization. (2012). Acute diarrhea in adults and
children: a global perspective. United Kingdom : World
Gastroenterology Organization. Halaman 3.
58
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Adnyana, K., Elin Y., Joseph, I. S, dan Muhammad, I. (2004). Efek Ekstrak Daun
Jambu Biji Daging Buah Putih dan Jambu Biji Daging Buah Merah
sebagai Antidiare. Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia. 29(1): 19-27.
Agrawal, M., Yogesh A., Prakash I., and Amruta K. (2012). Phytochemical and
HPLTC Studies of Various Extract of Annona squamosa (Annonaceae).
International Journal of PharmTech Research. 4(1): 364-368.
Ahadi, M.R. (2003). Kandungan Tanin Terkondensasi dan Laju Dekomposisi
pada Serasah Daun Rhizospora mucronata pada Ekosistem Tambak
Tumpangsari, Purwakarta. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Alaudin, D. (1992). Telaah Fitokimia Kulit Batang Srikaya. JF FMIPA ITB.
Ammon, H. V., Thomas, P.J., and Phillips, S. F. (1974). Effects of oleic and
ricinoleic acids on net jejunal water and electrolyte movement. Perfusion
studies in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 53: 374-379.
Anief, M. (1995). Ilmu Meracik Obat, Teori dan Praktik. Cetakan Kelima.
Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Halaman 107.
Anonim. (2004). Reviews on Indian Medicinal Plants. I.C.M.R. Vol 2: 353-357.
Chavan, M.J., Wakte P.S., Shinde D.B. (2010). Analgesic and Antiinflamatory
Activity of Caryophyllene Oxide from Annona squamosa L. bark.
Phytomedicine. 17: 149-151.
Chitme, H.R., Chandra, R., and Kaushik, S. (2004). Studies on Anti-Diarrhea
Activity of Calotropis gigantean R. BR. in Experimental Animals. J
Pharm Pharmaceut Sci. 7(1): 70-74.
Clinton, C. (2009). Plants Tannins a Novel Approach to the Treament of
Ulcerative Colitis. Natural Medicine Journal. 2: 1-3.
Darmono, D. (2011). Buku Ajar Farmakologi Eksperimental. Jakarta: UI Press.
Halaman 3-5.
Departemen Kesehatan RI. (2011). Buku Saku Petugas Kesehatan. Jakarta:
Departemen Kesehatan RI. Halaman 8.
Departemen Kesehatan RI. (1985). Cara Pembuatan Simplisia. Jakarta:
Departemen Kesehatan RI. Halaman 10.
Dinesh, K.Y., Neetu, S., Kapil, D., Rolee, S., Mahendra, S., Gautam, P., Rakesh,
M. Anti-ulcer constituents of Annona squamosa twigs. Fitoterapia. 82:
666-675.
54
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ditjen, POM. (1995). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi Keempat. Jakarta: Departemen
Kesehatan RI. Halaman 9.
Ditjen POM. (1995). Materia Medika Indonesia. Jilid VI. Jakarta: Departemen
Kesehatan RI. Halaman 300-306, 323-326.
Djuanda, A. dkk. (2016) MIMS Petunjuk Konsultasi. Jakarta: PT Bhuana Ilmu
Populer (Kelompok Gramedia). Halaman A72.
Farnsworth, N.R. (1966). Biological and Phytochemical Scrinning of Plants.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 55(3): 257.
Farthing M, Salam MA, Lindberg G, Dite P. (2013). Acute Diarrhea in Adults and
Children: A global perspective. World Gastroenterology Organisation
Global Guidelines. J Clin Gastroenterol. 47(1): 12-20.
Finkel, R., Michelle A. C., Luigi, X. C. (2009). Farmakologi. Ulasan Bergambar.
Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC. Halaman: 400.
Gajalakshmi S., R. Divya, V. Divya Deepika, , and A. Sathiavelu. (2011).
Pharmacological Activities of Annona Squamosa: A Review.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and
Research.10 (2): 24-29.
Goodman, S.L., and Gilman, A. (1996). The Pharmacological Basis of
Therapeutics. 9th edition. USA: McGraw-Hill. Halaman 927.
Haijun, Y., Ning, Z., Xiang L., Jianwei C., Baochang C.(2009). Structure-activity
relationships of diverse annonaceous acetogenins againts human tumor
cells. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 19: 2199-2202.
Harborne, J.B. (1998). Phytochemical Methods. London: Chapman & Hall.
Halaman 60-66.
Harborne, J.B. (1987). Metode Fitokimia, Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisa
Tumbuhan. Terjemahan Kosasih Padmawinata. Edisi II. Bandung: ITB
Press. Halaman 147.
Havagiray, R., Ramesh, C., Sadhna, K. (2004). Study of antidiarrhoeal activity of
Calotropis gigantean R. B. R. In experimental animals. J Pharma
Pharmaceut Sci. 7: 70-75.
Hiroshi, M., Toru, L., Chee-Yan, C., Kit-Lam, C., Koichi, T., Jun’ichi, K. ( 2006).
Vasorelaxant activity of cyclic peptide, cyclosquamosin B from Annona
squamosa. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 16: 4609-4611.
Huntington, H.P. (2000). Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Science:
Methods and Applications. Ecological Applications. 10(5): 1270-1274.
55
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ikawati, Z. (2008). Pengantar Farmakologi Molekuler. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada
University Press. Halaman 50, 78-81.
Jeevan-Ram, A., Bhakshu, L.M., and Venkata Raju, R.R. (2004). In Vitro
Antimicrobial Activity of Certain Medicinal Plants from Eastern Ghats,
India, Used for Skin Diseases. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 90(2-3):
353-357.
Katzung, B.G. (2007). Farmakologi Dasar & Klinik. Edisi 10. Jakarta: Penerbit
Buku Kedokteran. Halaman 1063.
Kaur, R., Komalpreet K., Pawandeep K., and Iqbal S. (2015). Sitaphal:
Unexplored Therapeutic Potential. Asian Journal of Research in
Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 3(4): 129-141.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2011). Situasi Diare di Indonesia. Jakarta:
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Halaman 5-7.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2013). Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Kementerian
Kesehatan RI. Halaman 110-113.
Khoirul, M dan Arifah. (2010). Sapu Bersih Semua Penyakit dengan Ramuan
Tradisional. Yogyakarta: Citra Media.
[KKIPM] Kelompok Kerja Ilmiah Phyto Medica. (1993). Penapisan Farmakologi
Pengujian Fitokimia dan Pengujian Klinik. Jakarta: Yayasan
Pengembangan Obat Bahan Alam Phytomedica. Halaman 19-21.
Kokate, C.K. (1994). Practical Pharmacognosy. Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi,
India. Halaman 107-113.
Longanga, O.A., Vercruysse, A., and Foriers, A. (2000). Contribution to The
Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies of
Traditionally Used Medicinal Plant in The Treatment of Dysentery and
Diarrhoea in Lomela Area, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Journal Ethnopharmacol. 71(3): 411-423.
Lutterodt, G.D. (1989). Inbition of Gastrointestinal Release of the Acetylcoline by
Quercetin as A Possible Mode of Action of Psidium guajava Leaf Extract
in The Treatment of Acute Diarrhoeal Disease. Jetnopharmacol. 3(25):
235-247.
Mujeeb, M., Khan, S.A., Ali, M., Mall, A., and Ahmad A. (2009). Antidiabetic
activity of the aqueous extract of Annona squamosa in streptozotosin
induced-hyperglycemic rats. The Pharma Research. 2: 59-63.
Mukhlesur, R.M., Shahnaj, P., Ekramul, H.M., Ekramul I.M., Mohammad A.,
Mosaddik, B. (2005). Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Constituents from the
seeds of Annona squamosa. Fitoterapia. 76: 484-489.
56
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mutschler, E. (1999). Dinamika Obat. Edisi Kelima. Cetakan Ketiga. Bandung:
Penerbit ITB. Halaman 521-542.
Mohamed. S.L., Ramkanth, S., Azagusundharam, M., Gnanaprakash, K.,
Thiruvengada, R., Vasanthi, S., Gauthaman, K. ( 2011). Protective effect
of methanolic extract of Annona squamosa L. in isoniazid-rifampicin
induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci. 24(2): 129-134.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease. (2011).
Diarrhea. National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. NIH
Publication. 11: 2749.
Nuratmi, B., Wien, W., dan Siti, S. (1999). Khasiat Daun Salam (Eugenia
polyantha Wight) sebagai Antidiare pada Tikus Putih. Media Litbangkes
Edisi Khusus “ Obat Asli Indonesia”. 8(3): 14-17.
Otshudi, L.A., Vercruysse, A., and Foriers, A. (2000). Contribution to The
Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies of
Traditionally Used Medicinal Plant in The Treatment of Dysentery and
Diarrhoea in Lomela Area, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Journal Ethnopharmacol. 71(3): 411-423.
Perez, G.S, Perez G.C, Zavala M.A.(2005). A Study of Antidiarrhoeal Properties
of Loeselia Mexicana on Mice and Rats. Phytomed. 12(9): 670-674.
Purwita, A.A., Novita, K.I., dan Guntur, T. (2013). Penggunaan Ekstrak Daun
Srikaya (Annona squamosa) sebagai Pengendali Jamur Fusarium
oxysporum secara In Vitro. LenteraBio. 2(2): 179-183.
Rajesh, K.G., Achyut, N.K., Sandhya, D., Ameetabh, T., Vibha, T., Ramesh., C.,
GeetaWatal. In vivo evaluation of anti-oxidant and anti-lipidimic
potential of Annona squamosa aqueous extract in type 2 diabetic models.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 6: 569-575.
Rajsekhar, S. (2011) Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology of Annona squamosa: A
Review. Int. J. of Pharm. & Life Sci. 2 (10): 1183-1189.
Randall. M.D., Stephen, A., dan Kendall D. (2009). Fasttrack. Pharmacology.
London: Pharmaceutical Press. Halaman 98.
Sabella, R. (2009). 101 Terapi Herbal, Buah dan Sayuran untuk Diabetes, Cara
Cerdas Melibas Diabetes. Klaten: Abata Sehat. Halaman 32-33.
Sen, S., Chakraborty, R., Sridhar, C., Reddy YSR, De B. (2010). Free Radicals,
Antioxidants, Diseases and Phytomedicines: Current Status and Future
Prospect. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and
Research. 3(1): 91-100.
Shiramane, R.S., Biradar, K.V., Chivde, B.V., and Gout, V. (2011). In-vivo
Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Delonix Regia Flowers in
57
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Experimental Induced Diarrhoea in Wistar Albino Rats. International
Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry. 1(3): 2231-2781.
Srilakshmi, S., Sravanthi, KC., Sarvani, M., Krishnaharsha A., Karteek P. (2011).
Anthelmintic activity of Annona squamosa seed extract. International
Journal of Pharmacy & Technology. 3(1): 1623-1628.
Srivastava, S., V.K Lal. (2011). Medicinal Potential of Annona squamosa: At a
Glance. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 4(11): 4596-4598.
Sumiwi, SA., Rini, H., dan Irfani, S. Aktivitas Antidiare Ekstrak Etanol Kulit
Batang Sintok dengan Metode Transit Intestinal pada Mencit.
Tan, H.T dan Kirana, R. (2007). Obat-Obat Penting. Khasiat, Penggunaan, dan
Efek-Efek Sampingnya. Edisi Keenam. Jakarta: PT Elex Media
Komputindo. Halaman 296.
Tripathi, K.D., (2008). Essential of Medical Pharmacology. Six edition. New
Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Ltd. Halaman 847.
Vanitha, V, K. J. Umadevi, and K Vijayalakshmi. (2011). Determination of
Bioactive Components of Annona squamosa Leaf by GC-MS Analysis.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research.
3(4): 309-312.
Vijayaraghavan, K., S. Mohamed Ali, R. Maruthi. (2013). Studies On
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Chromolaena
Odorata and Annona squamosa. International Journal of Innovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technologi. 2(12): 7315-7321.
Vohora S.B., Kumar, I., Naqvi, S.A.H. (1975). Phytochemical, Pharmacological,
Antibacterial and Antiovulatory Studies on Annona squamosa. Planta
Medica 28: 96-100.
Wandasari, F., Ruslan, K. dan Kusmardiyani, S., 2007, Telaah Fitokimia Daun
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