E-Mail LAN WAN Video Conference Fax Voice mail Pagers Cable- Television Phone Celullar
Internetworking Prof. Ir. Kudang B. Seminar, MSc, PhD
Direktur Komunikasi & Sistem Informasi IPB
Bogor, 05 Mei 2013
What is Internetworking?
- Internetworking : suatu bentuk hubungan,
kerjasama atau kemitraan yang mendayagunakan TI (teknologi informasi) berbasis jaringan (internet, intranet, ekstranet)
- Trend : menuju pada Internetworked
Enterprises (B-to-B, B-to-C, G-to-G, G-to-B, G-to-C) Globalization Technology Efficient Global Markets Global Business Operation and Alliances The Networked Global Corporation Drives of Change Competitive Environment Competitive Response Implementation How Information Technology Support The Globalization of Business? Shift of Paradigm in Business: Towards Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
E-Mail LAN/ WAN Video
Conference Fax Voice mail
Pagers
Cable- Television Phone/Celullar Merging of Computing & Communications
Businesses’ Trend
- Becoming internetworked enterprises
- Supported by computer networks to
allow fast & accurate data exchange and expansion of business scale with better coordination, and cooperation
- Widely distributed enterprises
connected via MAN, WAN, LAN Business Telecommunications Telecommunications : sending of information (voice, data, text, and images) from place to another.
Telecommunications Networks supported by Electronic Commerce Systems Enterprise Collaboration Systems Internal Business Systems include
Electronic Collaboration Systems
- E-Mail>Voice Mail>Discussions Forums>Data Conferencing>Voice Conferencing>Video Conferencing
- Electronic Meeting
Electronic Commerce Systems
- On-Line POS (Point of Sale)>Web Retailing & Wholesaling>EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)>E-Funds Transfer>E-Banking>Interactive Marketing
- Supply Chain Management
Internal Business Systems
- Internal Transaction Processing>Inquiry Processing>Intranet Web Publishing>Workflow Systems>Activity Monitoring>Process Control
- Management Support Systems
Trend of Telecommunication Technology Toward the use of the Internet and other open and interconnected local & global digital networks for multimedia with heavy use of high speed fiber optic lines and satellite channels to form a global information superhighway
system.
Information Superhighway An advanced high speed Internet-like network that connects individual households, businesses, government agencies, libraries, schools, universities, and other institutions with interactive voice, video, data and multimedia communications.
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) A network that provides integrated services of data exchange in various forms: voice, video, data, images, and multimedia communications.
Business Value of Internetworking
- Overcome geographic barriers
- Overcome time barriers
- Overcome cost barriers
- Overcome structural barriers
Jejaring Komputer (Computer Network)
Computer Network Computer Network Physical Radius Local Area Network (LAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Scope of Users Intra-Net Extra-Net Inter-net
Layered System View Intranet Extranet Internet Corporate members Clients, partners, customers Global society: competitors
What is Internet?
- a worldwide system of computer networks
- a public, cooperative, and self-sustaining facility accessible to hundreds of millions of people worldwide
- use a set of protocols called Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
What is Intranet?
- Networks connecting an affiliated set of clients
- Using standard Internet Protocols, especially TCP/IP and HTTP, and some FTP
- IP-based network of nodes behind a set of
firewalls
What is Extranet?
- part of a company's intranet that is extended to users outside the com
- securely share part of a business's information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other businesses
How Does Intranet Work? Establish an internal network
- Via LAN (Local Area Network)
- Via WAN (Wide Area Network)
- Via MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) which rely on ISDN (Integrated Services of Digital Network)
When TCP/IP protocols are set up, web servers & browsers can be installed to give access to the Intranet.
: person-to-person messaging
- Telnet : logon on into a remote computer (remote login)
: interactive conversations
- Chatting • WWW (World Wide Web): retrieve, format, & display
information (text, audio, graphics, video) using hypertext links
- BBS (Bulletin Board System ): discussion groups
search database of documents, software
- Archive:
- WAIS : Locate files in databases using keywords
What Tools are in Intranet?
- A decision-making tool
- A complete communication tool
- An expert’s tool
- A customer tool
- A human resource tool
Benefits of Intranet
- Cost-effective communication in corporate
- Fostering actual/real interaction of knowledge
- Providing more flexibility in human’s abilities to do jobs
- Promoting secure system of access & interaction
- Becoming corporate communication tools
Corporate can use Extranet for
- Exchange large volumes of data using Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) or XML
- Share product catalogs exclusively with wholesalers or those "in the trade"
- Collaborate with other companies on joint development efforts
- Jointly develop and use training programs with other companies
- Provide or access services provided by one company to a group of other companies, such as an online banking application managed by one company on behalf of affiliated banks Share news of common interest exclusively with partner companies
Security for Intra- & Extra-net
- require firewall server management, the issuance and use of digital certificates or similar means of user authentication, encryption of messages, and the use of virtual private networks (VPN) that tunnel through the public network.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
- an information industry term for methodologies, enterprise manage customer relationships in an organized and efficient manner software, and usually Internet capabilities that help an
- an enterprise builds a database that describes and offerings; remind customers of service information; match customer needs with product plans salespeople, and customer service reps can access relationships in sufficient detail so that management, had purchased; etc. requirements; know what other products a customer
Supply chain management (SCM)
- the oversight of materials, information, and finances as they move in a process from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer
- involves coordinating and integrating these flows both within and among companies
- ultimate goal of any effective supply chain management system is to reduce inventory (with the assumption that products are available when needed)
- Related to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Internetworking for Strategic Advantage 5/8/2013 Kudang B. Seminar 28
Fundamentals of Strategic Advantage
must survive in the globally
- An enterprise
competitive era can change the way
- Internetworking
businesses compete is designed & implemented as
- Internetworking
vital competitive networks that help an enterprise achieve its strategic objectives
5/8/2013 Kudang B. Seminar 29 Information Systems as a Strategic Resource Competitive Marketplace Strategic Externally
Company A Internally Strategic Inter-Firm Strategic Focus Company B 5/8/2013 Kudang B. Seminar “Alliance” 30
Competitive Forces and Strategies
31 Competitive Forces
- Rivalry of competitors within its industry
- Threats of new entrants,
- Threats of substitutes,
- The bargaining power of customers, and
- The bargaining power of suppliers
Competitive Strategies
- Cost Leadership Strategy • Differentiation Strategy • Innovation Strategy • Growth Strategies • Alliance Strategies
5/8/2013 Kudang B. Seminar 33 Cost Leadership Strategy
- Become a low cost producer of products and services
- Find ways to help suppliers or customers reduce their costs • Increase the costs of competitors.
Differentiation Strategy
- Develop ways to differentiate products and services from competitors.
- Reduce the differentiation advantages of competitors.
Innovation Strategy
- Develop new products & services
- Enter new markets or marketing segments
- Establish new business alliances
- Find new ways of producing products/services
- Find new ways of distributing products/services
Growth Strategies
- Significantly expand the company’s capacity to produce goods and services
- Expand into global markets
- Diversify into new products and services • Integrate into related products and services.
Alliance Strategies
- Establish new business linkages and alliances with customers, suppliers, competitors, consultants and other companies (mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures, forming virtual companies, etc.).
Using the Inter-, Intra-, Extra-net Strategically
- Cost and Efficiency Improvements • Performance Improvement in Business Effectiveness • Global Market Penetration • Product and Service Transformation • System Security
Internetworking in Global Management 5/8/2013 Kudang B. Seminar 40
Towards a Global Company Geographic Concept Business Concept Centralization/Decentralization Any Place Mechanistic Holistic Isolationism Low Boundaries Not Invented Here Network of Trust Geographic Presence Cultural Fit Central Controllers Core Connectors Replication of Resources Economic of Scales Stove Pipe Connection Great Network
Communications Short Term View Long Term View Today Global Global IT Management Cultural, Political, Geo-economic challenges Business/IT Strategies Application Portfolios Technology Platforms Data Management Systems Development
Visi & Misi Enterprise: Become a Global Company A global company is a business that is driven by a global strategy which enables to plan and treat all its activities in the context of a whole-world system, and therefore serve its local and global customers with excellence. Business Drivers for Global IT
- Global customer
- Global products
- Global operations
- Global resources
- Global collaboration
Global IT Platforms