T LIN 1307784 Chapter5
Chapter V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
This research observed the differences and similarities of the semantic features and their
correlatives in interrogative pronouns in three different languages: English, Russian and
Uzbek. The conclusion of the research is made on the basis of observations and analysis that
have been presented in previous chapters. The main objects of the observation, analysis and
comparisons are: syntactic structure and semantic meaning of the interrogative sentences in
these three languages. The comparisons were made in semantic and syntactic aspects in
order to answer research questions.
5.1 Conclusions
This researchobserves two research problems,i.e (1) the semantic similarities
interrogative pronouns
of
the
in the interrogative sentences in English, Russian and Uzbek
languages and (2) the semantic
differences
of the interrogative pronouns
in the
interrogative sentences in these languages
First, from the examples which were given above it is obvious that, in all these three
languages: English, Russian and Uzbek special question sentences with the interrogative
pronouns “who” and “what” has the same denotation . That is, interrogative pronoun “who”
asks questions about people, stands at the beginning of the sentence, as asks question about
subject of the sentence. Interrogative pronoun “what” is used to ask information about
inanimate being (thing ,object) and animal. The exception of this rule is the question:
What are you? (in English language)
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Interrogative pronoun “which” is used when the speaker wants to get concrete and specific
answer from other options.
In most cases, special question (wh- questions) sentences has symmetry in translation of
above mentioned questions. But there is difference in translation some interrogative sentences
like:
„What are you?‟
This question in English is used to get information about the listener‟s job. So, it has the
meaning : What is your profession?
This question is the exception of the rule that “what” is used for inanimate things and
“who” is used for people only. But in Russian language we cannot use
interrogative
pronoun „что‟ (what) in this meaning. If the speaker asks:
„Чтоты?‟ / ʃtɔ tɨ/
what you
„What are you?‟
In this case, this question denotes disrespect of the listener and as for semantic meaning this
question equals to the sentence:
„You are nothing.‟
The same with the Uzbek language.
Second,
from above mentioned
special question sentences, that were given as the
examples for the arguments, we can conclude that semantic differences among interrogative
sentences, and especially in usage of
interrogative pronouns happen because of
the
asymmetry in the process of translation.
Differences in translation from one language to another (in most cases difference is in
semantic aspect) is usually caused by mentality and culture of the speakers of that particular
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
language. As culture and mentality of the speakersmake influence on the language that is
spoken by those people. Because their attitude toward everything about the life.
In the research the symmetry and asymmetry in translation from one language to another
(here: English, Russian and Uzbek) were observed and analyzed
at the examples of
interrogative pronouns. For the analysis and comparison in this research was used the
framework of Russian linguist V.G. Gak. Because in his works he paid attention to detailed
analysis of semantic aspects of the words in correlation with their syntactic features, using
the method of comparison of lexicology of different languages on the basis of semantic
meaning, syntactic features and functional categories of the words in particular language. In
his books he explained differences in semantic aspects of the words, causing their asymmetry
in translation to other languages. So, his framework was used in this research not only for
comparative analysis, but also in order to explain the reason of differences in semantic
aspects and syntactic correlation.
5.2 Suggestions
The research observes semantic and syntactic similarities and differences among three
different languages: English, Russian and Uzbek in the example of interrogative pronouns. In
my research I have chosen interrogative pronouns “who”, “what” and “which” in order to
make the theme of the research more specific, but semantic asymmetry in translation
among these languages was given at the examples of other interrogative pronouns also.
Because, in the process of translation the asymmetry in denoting semantic meaning cause the
substitution of the interrogative pronouns. It would be good, if the researchers continue the
theme of comparison using theme subject and predicate agreement in the positive sentences.
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
As, analyzing one language in comparison with another language gives more useful. For
that reason, it would be better if further researches continue observe and analyze semantic
and structural features of these languages in comparison with each other.
This research uses the analytical framework of Gak . Therefore, it is better if future works
on this theme will use frameworks of Arakin , Sherba or other scientists, who has made a
contribution to comparative linguistics.
According to observations and analysis, which were made above there are three suggestions
on this theme:
1. Make comparison of semantic features of interrogative pronouns in correlation with the
grammar aspects of these pronouns. At the same time paying a great attention to the
subject and predicate agreement in the sentence.
2. Secondly, the researchers should take into consideration other specific details like:
mentality of the speakers of that particular language, their customs and traditions.
3.
The future works can deal with other semantic aspects of the interrogative questions
like: idiomatic expressions, taking into consideration the context of the utterance.
5.3 Closing
The importance of this research is that, it attempts to indicate not only the structural
features of interrogative sentences, but at the same time highlight their functional-semantic
aspects. Because comparative analysis of interrogative pronouns in these languages should
be on the basis of three main aspects: their form (syntactic features), meaning ( semantic
aspects) and function ( syntactic correlates). It would be better if future researches on this
theme will analyze and compare semantic features of particular words in correlation with
their syntactic features. In order to make complete and correct analysis of interrogative
sentences in terms of their functional and semantic features in any language.
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
This research observed the differences and similarities of the semantic features and their
correlatives in interrogative pronouns in three different languages: English, Russian and
Uzbek. The conclusion of the research is made on the basis of observations and analysis that
have been presented in previous chapters. The main objects of the observation, analysis and
comparisons are: syntactic structure and semantic meaning of the interrogative sentences in
these three languages. The comparisons were made in semantic and syntactic aspects in
order to answer research questions.
5.1 Conclusions
This researchobserves two research problems,i.e (1) the semantic similarities
interrogative pronouns
of
the
in the interrogative sentences in English, Russian and Uzbek
languages and (2) the semantic
differences
of the interrogative pronouns
in the
interrogative sentences in these languages
First, from the examples which were given above it is obvious that, in all these three
languages: English, Russian and Uzbek special question sentences with the interrogative
pronouns “who” and “what” has the same denotation . That is, interrogative pronoun “who”
asks questions about people, stands at the beginning of the sentence, as asks question about
subject of the sentence. Interrogative pronoun “what” is used to ask information about
inanimate being (thing ,object) and animal. The exception of this rule is the question:
What are you? (in English language)
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Interrogative pronoun “which” is used when the speaker wants to get concrete and specific
answer from other options.
In most cases, special question (wh- questions) sentences has symmetry in translation of
above mentioned questions. But there is difference in translation some interrogative sentences
like:
„What are you?‟
This question in English is used to get information about the listener‟s job. So, it has the
meaning : What is your profession?
This question is the exception of the rule that “what” is used for inanimate things and
“who” is used for people only. But in Russian language we cannot use
interrogative
pronoun „что‟ (what) in this meaning. If the speaker asks:
„Чтоты?‟ / ʃtɔ tɨ/
what you
„What are you?‟
In this case, this question denotes disrespect of the listener and as for semantic meaning this
question equals to the sentence:
„You are nothing.‟
The same with the Uzbek language.
Second,
from above mentioned
special question sentences, that were given as the
examples for the arguments, we can conclude that semantic differences among interrogative
sentences, and especially in usage of
interrogative pronouns happen because of
the
asymmetry in the process of translation.
Differences in translation from one language to another (in most cases difference is in
semantic aspect) is usually caused by mentality and culture of the speakers of that particular
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
language. As culture and mentality of the speakersmake influence on the language that is
spoken by those people. Because their attitude toward everything about the life.
In the research the symmetry and asymmetry in translation from one language to another
(here: English, Russian and Uzbek) were observed and analyzed
at the examples of
interrogative pronouns. For the analysis and comparison in this research was used the
framework of Russian linguist V.G. Gak. Because in his works he paid attention to detailed
analysis of semantic aspects of the words in correlation with their syntactic features, using
the method of comparison of lexicology of different languages on the basis of semantic
meaning, syntactic features and functional categories of the words in particular language. In
his books he explained differences in semantic aspects of the words, causing their asymmetry
in translation to other languages. So, his framework was used in this research not only for
comparative analysis, but also in order to explain the reason of differences in semantic
aspects and syntactic correlation.
5.2 Suggestions
The research observes semantic and syntactic similarities and differences among three
different languages: English, Russian and Uzbek in the example of interrogative pronouns. In
my research I have chosen interrogative pronouns “who”, “what” and “which” in order to
make the theme of the research more specific, but semantic asymmetry in translation
among these languages was given at the examples of other interrogative pronouns also.
Because, in the process of translation the asymmetry in denoting semantic meaning cause the
substitution of the interrogative pronouns. It would be good, if the researchers continue the
theme of comparison using theme subject and predicate agreement in the positive sentences.
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
As, analyzing one language in comparison with another language gives more useful. For
that reason, it would be better if further researches continue observe and analyze semantic
and structural features of these languages in comparison with each other.
This research uses the analytical framework of Gak . Therefore, it is better if future works
on this theme will use frameworks of Arakin , Sherba or other scientists, who has made a
contribution to comparative linguistics.
According to observations and analysis, which were made above there are three suggestions
on this theme:
1. Make comparison of semantic features of interrogative pronouns in correlation with the
grammar aspects of these pronouns. At the same time paying a great attention to the
subject and predicate agreement in the sentence.
2. Secondly, the researchers should take into consideration other specific details like:
mentality of the speakers of that particular language, their customs and traditions.
3.
The future works can deal with other semantic aspects of the interrogative questions
like: idiomatic expressions, taking into consideration the context of the utterance.
5.3 Closing
The importance of this research is that, it attempts to indicate not only the structural
features of interrogative sentences, but at the same time highlight their functional-semantic
aspects. Because comparative analysis of interrogative pronouns in these languages should
be on the basis of three main aspects: their form (syntactic features), meaning ( semantic
aspects) and function ( syntactic correlates). It would be better if future researches on this
theme will analyze and compare semantic features of particular words in correlation with
their syntactic features. In order to make complete and correct analysis of interrogative
sentences in terms of their functional and semantic features in any language.
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Zamira Sarieva, 2015
COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC ASPECTS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC CORRELATES IN THE INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu