Pengaruh Penambahan Kitosan Terhadap Karakteristik Bioplastik Dari Pati Talas (Colocasia esculenta) Menggunakan Plasticizer Sorbitol
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
[1]
Aznury, S. Martha, Tjandra, Pancoro and Adi, Pengaruh Sumber Karbon
Terhadap Produksi Bioplastik Polihidroksialkanoat (PHA) Dengan Ralstonia
Eutropha, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia vol 9,
pp. 28-32, 2010.
[2]
Plastic Europe, Plastics – the Facts 2014/2015, An analysis of European
latest plastics production, demand and waste data . Switzerland, Association
of Plastic Manufacturers, 2014.
[3]
Indra, BP. 2014. Tahun 2015 Konsumsi Plastik Meningkat 5%.
http://www.imq21.com/news/read/273796/20141219/123604/2015Konsums
i-Plastik-Meningkat-5-.html. Diakses pada tanggal 12 Februari 2016
[4]
Atifah. N. Syamsul, Khaswar and A. Suryani, Kajian Fermentasi Bioplastik
Poli-3-Hidroksialkanoat (PHA) Oleh Ralstonia Eutropha Menggunakan
Sumber Karbon Hidrolisat Pati Sagu. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Jurnal
Teknologi Pertanian, Vol 8 No.3, pp. 160-171, 2007.
[5]
Suryani, Sintesa Dan Uji Biodegradasi Polimer Alami, Aceh, Politeknik
Negeri Lhokseumawe, 2013.
[6]
Nurbaya. Syarifa Ramadhani, Teti Estiasih, Utilization of Yellow Corm
Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) in Producing Cookies, Malang,
Universitas Brawijaya, Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri Vol. 1 No.1 p.46-55,
Oktober 2013, 2013.
[7]
Haryani. K, Hargono and Budiyati, Pembuatan Khitosan Dari Kulit Udang
Untuk Mengadsorpsi Logam Krom (Cr6+) dan Tembaga (Cu), Semarang,
Undip, Reaktor, Vol. 11 No.2, Desember 2007, Hal. : 86-90, 2007.
[8]
N. Gontard, S. Guilbert and J. L. Cuq, Water and Glycerol As Plasticizer
Affect Mechanical and Water Vapor Barrier Pr operties of Edible Wheat
Gluten Film. J Food Sci, Vol. 58 (1), pp. 206 - 211, 1993.
[9]
Darni and Yuli, Penentuan Kondisi Optimum Ukuran Partikel dan Bilangan
Reynold Pada Sintesis Bioplastik Berbasis Sorgum, Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia
dan Lingkungan, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 95-103, ISSN 1412-5064, 2011.
[10] S. Pilla, Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering
Applications, University of Wisconsin-Madison USA, John Wiley and Son
inc, 2011.
66
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[11] Ummah. Nathiqoh Al, Uji Ketahanan Biodegradable Plastik Berbasis
Tepung Biji Durian (Durio zibethinus murr) Terhadap Air Dan Pengukuran
Densitasnya. Semarang, Universitas Negeri Semarang, 2013.
[12] Averous. L, Polylactic Acid: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. France,
University of Strasbourg, 2008.
[13] Yilmaz. Mirac and Yavuz Beyatli, Biyoplastik: Poli-β-Hidroksibütirat
(PHB). Turkey, Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, 2003.
[14] Chee. Jiun-Yee, Sugama-Salim Yoga, Nyok-Sean Lau, Siew-Chen Ling,
Raeid M.M Abed and Sudesh Kumar, Bacterially Produced
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA): Converting Renewable Resources into
Bioplastics. Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2010.
[15] Smits. Angela Leonarda Maria, De Moleculaire Organisatie in
Zetmeelproducten De Invloed van Polyolen als Weekmakers , Netherlands,
Universiteit Utrecht, 2001.
[16] Agrosynergie, Introduction on Starch. France: Agrosynergie, 2010.
[17] B. Smith Michael, Organic Chemistry: An acid-base approach, Taylor and
Francis Group, USA, 2011.
[18] Kementerian Negara Riset dan Teknologi, Talas, Jakarta, Deputi
Menegristek Bidang Pendayagunaan dan Pemasyarakatan Ilmu Pengetahuan
dan Teknologi, 2001.
[19] Koswara. Sutrisno, Teknologi Pengolahan Umbi‐Umbian Bagian 1:
Pengolahan Umbi Talas. Bogor: Southeast Asian Food And Agricultural
Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center Research and Community
Service Institution, 2014
[20] J. H. Payne, G. J. Ley and G. Akau, Processing and Chemical Investigations
of Taro. Honolulu, T. H. Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station of the
University Of Hawail. Bulletin No. 86, 1941.
[21] M. N. V. R.Kumar, Review of Chitin and Chitosan Application. Reactive &
Functional Polymers, Pergamen Press, Oxford, Vol 46, pp. 1-27, 2000.
[22] E . Onsoyen and O. Skaugrud, Metal Recovery Using Chitosan . J. Chem.
Technol. Biotechnol,Vol 49, pp. 395-404, 1990.
[23] O. Gyliene, I. Razmute, R. Tarozaite and O. Nivinskiene, Chemical
Composition and Sorption Properties Of Chitosan Produced From Fly
Larva Shells. Chemija (Vilnius), T.14 Nr.3: 121-127, 2003.
67
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[24] Houwink B. Ilmu kedokteran gigi pencegahan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada
University Press; 1993. h. 88–91, 190–3, 1993.
[25] Kanzil LB, Santoso R, Efek peningkatan pH plak dan potensial
remineralisasi dari beberapa pemanis dalam permen karet sesudah makan
karbohidrat, Majalah Ilmiah Kedokteran Gigi FKG Usakti 1999; 2 (Edisi
khusus Forum Ilmiah VI): 47–50, 1999.
[26] Goldberg I, Functional foods. New York: Chapmann Hall; 1994. p. 219–37,
1994.
[27] Garrow JS, James WPT, Human nutrition and dietetics. 9th ed. Singapore,
Longman Singapore; 1993. p. 40–1, 340–1, 570–7, 1993.
[28] Linder MC. Nutritional biochemistry and metabolism. 2nd ed. Connectitut.
Appleton and Lange; 1991. p. 35–40, 1991.
[29] Astuti. Sandra Widyo, Aplikasi Edible Coating Berbahan Dasar Derifat
Selulosa terhadap Kualitas Keripik Kentang, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas
Jenderal Soedirman, 2010.
[30] Winarno, Kimia Pangan dan Gizi, Gramedia, Jakarta, 2004.
[31] B. Smith Michael, Organic Chemistry: An acid-base approach, Taylor and
Francis Group, USA, 2011.
[32] Z. Chen, Physicochemical Properties of Sweet Potato Starches and Their
Application in Noodle Products. PhD. Thesis Wageningen University, The
Netherlands, 2003.
[33] S. N. Moorthy, Physicochemical and functional properties of tropical tuber
starches: a review. Starch ! Starke, 54, pp.559-592, 2002.
[34] J. J. M. Swinkels, Source of starch, its chemistry and physics. Di dalam :
G.M.A.V. Beynum dan J.A Roels (eds.). Starch Conversion Technology.
Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1985.
[35] Widyaningsih. S, Dwi Kartika, and Yuni Tri Nurhayati. Pengaruh
Penambahan Sorbitol dan Kalsium Karbonat terhadap Karakteristik dan
Sifat Biodegradasi Film dari Pati Kulit Pisang, Purwokerto, Fakultas Sains
dan Teknik Unsoed, Molekul, Vol. 7. No. 1. Mei, 2012: 69 – 81, 2012.
[36] Wirawan. Sang Kompiang, Agus Prasetya, Ernie, Pengaruh Plasticizer pada
Karakteristik Edible Film dari Pektin. 2012. Vol. 14 (1) : 61-67, 2012.
[37] Tester. RF, Morrison. WR, Swelling and Gelatinization of Cereal Starches,
Effects of Amylopectin, Amylose, and Lipids. Skotlandia: Department of
68
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Strathclyde, Cereal Chem.
67(6):551-557, 1990.
[38] H. Lobo and J . V. Bonilla, Handbook of Plastics Analysis, CRC Press,
2003.
[39] ASTM D882, Standard Test Method For Notched Izod Impact Strength Of
Thermoplastics. Annual Books of ASTM Standards, USA, 2002.
[40] P. L. King, P. F. Mcmillan and G. M. Moore, Infrared spectroscopy of
silicate glasseswith application to natural systems. In Infrared Spectroscopy
in Geochemistry, Exploration Geochemistry and Remote Sensing (P.L.
KING, M.S. RAMSEY, G.SWAYZE, ed.), Mineral. Assoc. Canada, Vol.
33, pp. 93-133, 2004.
[41] S. Marbun, Sintesis Bioplastik dari Pati Ubi Jalar Menggunakan Penguat
Logam ZnO dan Penguat Alami Selulosa, Skripsi Fakultas Teknik,
Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 2012.
[42] R. F Sinaga, G. M. Ginting, M. H. S. Ginting and R. Hasibuan, Pengaruh
Penambahan Gliserolterhadap Sifat Kekuatan Tarik Dan Pemanjangan Saat
Putus Bioplastik Dari Pati Umbi Talas, Jurnal Departemen Teknik Kimia
USU, Medan, 2014.
[43] Wida Rahmawati, Yovita Asih Kusumastuti, Nita Aryanti, Karakterisasi Pati
Talas (Colocasia Esculenta (L.) Schott) Sebagai Alternatif Sumber Pati
Industri Di Indonesia, Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Dan Industri, Vol. 1, No.1,
2012.
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Pati Garut, Semiloka Agroindusti Kerakyatan, IAITP-BPPT, Jakarta, 1998.
[45] E. Chiellini, Environmentally Degradable Polymers and Plastics (EDPs)-An
Overview. Italy: Dept of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of
Pisa, 2001.
[46] B. O. Juliano, Criteria and test for rice grain quality. In: Rice Chemistry
and Technology. American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul,
Minnesota, 1994.
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organik. ISBN 978-602-98902-1-1, 2011.
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Departemen Ilmu Teknologi Pangan – IPB, 2010.
[49] Jading, Abadi. Tethool, Eduard. Payung, Paulus & Gultom, Sarman.
Karakteristik Fisikokimia Pati Sagu Hasil Pengeringan Secara Fluidisasi
69
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Menggunakan Alat Pengering Cross Flow Fluidized Bed Bertenaga Surya
Dan Biomassa. Jurusan Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Negeri Papua.
Jurnal Reaktor, Vol. 13 No. 3, Hal. 155-164, Juni 2011.
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Mikrobiologi, 1994.
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Universitas Sumatera Utara
Putus Bioplastik Dari Pati Umbi Talas, Jurnal Departemen Teknik Kimia
USU, Medan, 2014.
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[1]
Aznury, S. Martha, Tjandra, Pancoro and Adi, Pengaruh Sumber Karbon
Terhadap Produksi Bioplastik Polihidroksialkanoat (PHA) Dengan Ralstonia
Eutropha, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia vol 9,
pp. 28-32, 2010.
[2]
Plastic Europe, Plastics – the Facts 2014/2015, An analysis of European
latest plastics production, demand and waste data . Switzerland, Association
of Plastic Manufacturers, 2014.
[3]
Indra, BP. 2014. Tahun 2015 Konsumsi Plastik Meningkat 5%.
http://www.imq21.com/news/read/273796/20141219/123604/2015Konsums
i-Plastik-Meningkat-5-.html. Diakses pada tanggal 12 Februari 2016
[4]
Atifah. N. Syamsul, Khaswar and A. Suryani, Kajian Fermentasi Bioplastik
Poli-3-Hidroksialkanoat (PHA) Oleh Ralstonia Eutropha Menggunakan
Sumber Karbon Hidrolisat Pati Sagu. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Jurnal
Teknologi Pertanian, Vol 8 No.3, pp. 160-171, 2007.
[5]
Suryani, Sintesa Dan Uji Biodegradasi Polimer Alami, Aceh, Politeknik
Negeri Lhokseumawe, 2013.
[6]
Nurbaya. Syarifa Ramadhani, Teti Estiasih, Utilization of Yellow Corm
Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) in Producing Cookies, Malang,
Universitas Brawijaya, Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri Vol. 1 No.1 p.46-55,
Oktober 2013, 2013.
[7]
Haryani. K, Hargono and Budiyati, Pembuatan Khitosan Dari Kulit Udang
Untuk Mengadsorpsi Logam Krom (Cr6+) dan Tembaga (Cu), Semarang,
Undip, Reaktor, Vol. 11 No.2, Desember 2007, Hal. : 86-90, 2007.
[8]
N. Gontard, S. Guilbert and J. L. Cuq, Water and Glycerol As Plasticizer
Affect Mechanical and Water Vapor Barrier Pr operties of Edible Wheat
Gluten Film. J Food Sci, Vol. 58 (1), pp. 206 - 211, 1993.
[9]
Darni and Yuli, Penentuan Kondisi Optimum Ukuran Partikel dan Bilangan
Reynold Pada Sintesis Bioplastik Berbasis Sorgum, Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia
dan Lingkungan, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 95-103, ISSN 1412-5064, 2011.
[10] S. Pilla, Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering
Applications, University of Wisconsin-Madison USA, John Wiley and Son
inc, 2011.
66
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[11] Ummah. Nathiqoh Al, Uji Ketahanan Biodegradable Plastik Berbasis
Tepung Biji Durian (Durio zibethinus murr) Terhadap Air Dan Pengukuran
Densitasnya. Semarang, Universitas Negeri Semarang, 2013.
[12] Averous. L, Polylactic Acid: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. France,
University of Strasbourg, 2008.
[13] Yilmaz. Mirac and Yavuz Beyatli, Biyoplastik: Poli-β-Hidroksibütirat
(PHB). Turkey, Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, 2003.
[14] Chee. Jiun-Yee, Sugama-Salim Yoga, Nyok-Sean Lau, Siew-Chen Ling,
Raeid M.M Abed and Sudesh Kumar, Bacterially Produced
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA): Converting Renewable Resources into
Bioplastics. Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2010.
[15] Smits. Angela Leonarda Maria, De Moleculaire Organisatie in
Zetmeelproducten De Invloed van Polyolen als Weekmakers , Netherlands,
Universiteit Utrecht, 2001.
[16] Agrosynergie, Introduction on Starch. France: Agrosynergie, 2010.
[17] B. Smith Michael, Organic Chemistry: An acid-base approach, Taylor and
Francis Group, USA, 2011.
[18] Kementerian Negara Riset dan Teknologi, Talas, Jakarta, Deputi
Menegristek Bidang Pendayagunaan dan Pemasyarakatan Ilmu Pengetahuan
dan Teknologi, 2001.
[19] Koswara. Sutrisno, Teknologi Pengolahan Umbi‐Umbian Bagian 1:
Pengolahan Umbi Talas. Bogor: Southeast Asian Food And Agricultural
Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center Research and Community
Service Institution, 2014
[20] J. H. Payne, G. J. Ley and G. Akau, Processing and Chemical Investigations
of Taro. Honolulu, T. H. Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station of the
University Of Hawail. Bulletin No. 86, 1941.
[21] M. N. V. R.Kumar, Review of Chitin and Chitosan Application. Reactive &
Functional Polymers, Pergamen Press, Oxford, Vol 46, pp. 1-27, 2000.
[22] E . Onsoyen and O. Skaugrud, Metal Recovery Using Chitosan . J. Chem.
Technol. Biotechnol,Vol 49, pp. 395-404, 1990.
[23] O. Gyliene, I. Razmute, R. Tarozaite and O. Nivinskiene, Chemical
Composition and Sorption Properties Of Chitosan Produced From Fly
Larva Shells. Chemija (Vilnius), T.14 Nr.3: 121-127, 2003.
67
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[24] Houwink B. Ilmu kedokteran gigi pencegahan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada
University Press; 1993. h. 88–91, 190–3, 1993.
[25] Kanzil LB, Santoso R, Efek peningkatan pH plak dan potensial
remineralisasi dari beberapa pemanis dalam permen karet sesudah makan
karbohidrat, Majalah Ilmiah Kedokteran Gigi FKG Usakti 1999; 2 (Edisi
khusus Forum Ilmiah VI): 47–50, 1999.
[26] Goldberg I, Functional foods. New York: Chapmann Hall; 1994. p. 219–37,
1994.
[27] Garrow JS, James WPT, Human nutrition and dietetics. 9th ed. Singapore,
Longman Singapore; 1993. p. 40–1, 340–1, 570–7, 1993.
[28] Linder MC. Nutritional biochemistry and metabolism. 2nd ed. Connectitut.
Appleton and Lange; 1991. p. 35–40, 1991.
[29] Astuti. Sandra Widyo, Aplikasi Edible Coating Berbahan Dasar Derifat
Selulosa terhadap Kualitas Keripik Kentang, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas
Jenderal Soedirman, 2010.
[30] Winarno, Kimia Pangan dan Gizi, Gramedia, Jakarta, 2004.
[31] B. Smith Michael, Organic Chemistry: An acid-base approach, Taylor and
Francis Group, USA, 2011.
[32] Z. Chen, Physicochemical Properties of Sweet Potato Starches and Their
Application in Noodle Products. PhD. Thesis Wageningen University, The
Netherlands, 2003.
[33] S. N. Moorthy, Physicochemical and functional properties of tropical tuber
starches: a review. Starch ! Starke, 54, pp.559-592, 2002.
[34] J. J. M. Swinkels, Source of starch, its chemistry and physics. Di dalam :
G.M.A.V. Beynum dan J.A Roels (eds.). Starch Conversion Technology.
Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1985.
[35] Widyaningsih. S, Dwi Kartika, and Yuni Tri Nurhayati. Pengaruh
Penambahan Sorbitol dan Kalsium Karbonat terhadap Karakteristik dan
Sifat Biodegradasi Film dari Pati Kulit Pisang, Purwokerto, Fakultas Sains
dan Teknik Unsoed, Molekul, Vol. 7. No. 1. Mei, 2012: 69 – 81, 2012.
[36] Wirawan. Sang Kompiang, Agus Prasetya, Ernie, Pengaruh Plasticizer pada
Karakteristik Edible Film dari Pektin. 2012. Vol. 14 (1) : 61-67, 2012.
[37] Tester. RF, Morrison. WR, Swelling and Gelatinization of Cereal Starches,
Effects of Amylopectin, Amylose, and Lipids. Skotlandia: Department of
68
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Strathclyde, Cereal Chem.
67(6):551-557, 1990.
[38] H. Lobo and J . V. Bonilla, Handbook of Plastics Analysis, CRC Press,
2003.
[39] ASTM D882, Standard Test Method For Notched Izod Impact Strength Of
Thermoplastics. Annual Books of ASTM Standards, USA, 2002.
[40] P. L. King, P. F. Mcmillan and G. M. Moore, Infrared spectroscopy of
silicate glasseswith application to natural systems. In Infrared Spectroscopy
in Geochemistry, Exploration Geochemistry and Remote Sensing (P.L.
KING, M.S. RAMSEY, G.SWAYZE, ed.), Mineral. Assoc. Canada, Vol.
33, pp. 93-133, 2004.
[41] S. Marbun, Sintesis Bioplastik dari Pati Ubi Jalar Menggunakan Penguat
Logam ZnO dan Penguat Alami Selulosa, Skripsi Fakultas Teknik,
Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 2012.
[42] R. F Sinaga, G. M. Ginting, M. H. S. Ginting and R. Hasibuan, Pengaruh
Penambahan Gliserolterhadap Sifat Kekuatan Tarik Dan Pemanjangan Saat
Putus Bioplastik Dari Pati Umbi Talas, Jurnal Departemen Teknik Kimia
USU, Medan, 2014.
[43] Wida Rahmawati, Yovita Asih Kusumastuti, Nita Aryanti, Karakterisasi Pati
Talas (Colocasia Esculenta (L.) Schott) Sebagai Alternatif Sumber Pati
Industri Di Indonesia, Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Dan Industri, Vol. 1, No.1,
2012.
[44] E. Pudjiono, Konsep Pengembangan Mesin Untuk Menunjang Pengadaan
Pati Garut, Semiloka Agroindusti Kerakyatan, IAITP-BPPT, Jakarta, 1998.
[45] E. Chiellini, Environmentally Degradable Polymers and Plastics (EDPs)-An
Overview. Italy: Dept of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of
Pisa, 2001.
[46] B. O. Juliano, Criteria and test for rice grain quality. In: Rice Chemistry
and Technology. American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul,
Minnesota, 1994.
[47] Hasnelly, Kajian sifat fisiko kimia formulasi tepung komposit produk
organik. ISBN 978-602-98902-1-1, 2011.
[48] Kusnandar, Teknologi Modifikasi Pati dan Aplikasinya di Industri Pangan.
Departemen Ilmu Teknologi Pangan – IPB, 2010.
[49] Jading, Abadi. Tethool, Eduard. Payung, Paulus & Gultom, Sarman.
Karakteristik Fisikokimia Pati Sagu Hasil Pengeringan Secara Fluidisasi
69
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Menggunakan Alat Pengering Cross Flow Fluidized Bed Bertenaga Surya
Dan Biomassa. Jurusan Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Negeri Papua.
Jurnal Reaktor, Vol. 13 No. 3, Hal. 155-164, Juni 2011.
[50] P. M. Gaman, K. B. Sherrington, Pengantar Ilmu Pangan, Nutrisi, dan
Mikrobiologi, 1994.
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