DAFTAR PUSTAKA Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Dan Fraksi-Fraksi Dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Dan Bacillus Subtilis Serta Profil Kltnya.
32
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abdul, M, Auribie, B, 2011, Antioxidant Activity Of Tannin From Tamarix
Aphylla L. Leaves, Basra J. Agric., Sci, 24 (1).
Alam, G., Mufidah, Massi, N., Rahim, A., Usmar., 2012, Skrining Komponen
Kimia dan Uji Aktivitas Mukolitik Ekstrak Rimpang Bangle (Zingiber
purpureum Roxb) Terhadap Mukosa Usus Sapi Secara In Vitro, Majalah
Farmasi dan Farmakologi, 16 (3), 123-126.
Andersen, O & Markham, K, 2006, Flavonoid Chemistry, Biochemistry and
Applications, CRC Press, Boca Rotan, 2-3.
Apristiani, D & Astuti, P, 2005, Isolasi Komponen Aktif Antibakteri Ekstrak
Kloroform Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) dengan
Bioautografi, Biofarmasi, 3 (2), 43-46.
Ariyanti, N.K., Darmayas, I.D., & Sudirga, S.K., 2012, Daya Hambat Ekstrak
Kulit Daun Lidah Buaya (Aloe barbadensis Miller) Terhadap
Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 dan
Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Jurnal Biologi, 16 (1), 1-4.
Asih, I.A., Ratnayani, K, & Swardana, I., 2012, Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa
Golongan Flavonoid Dari Madu Kelengkeng (Nepholium longata L.),
Jurnal Kimia, 6 (1), Hal 72-78.
Bhavsar, A & Brown, E, 2006, Cell Wall Assembly In Bacillus subtilis: How
Spirals and Sapces Challenge Paradigms, Moleculer Microbiology, 60 (5),
1077-1090.
Chong, K.H., Zuraina, Z., Sasidharan, S., Devi, P.V.K., Latha, L.Y., Ramanathan,
S., 2008, Antimicrobial Activity of Elaeis guineensis Leaf,
Pharmacologyonline, 3, 379-386.
Dhayanti, AY, Trisunuwati, P dan Murwani,S, 2008, Efek Antimikroba Ekstrak
N-Heksan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) Terhadap Eschericia coli
Secara In Vitro, Laporan Penelitian, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan,
Universitas Brawijaya.
Gannon, J.C., 2000, The Global Infectious Disease Threat And Its Implications
for The United State, NIE, 99-17.
Gibson, J.M., 1996, Mikrobiologi dan Patologi Modern Untuk Perawat,
Diterjemahkan Oleh Prasada, S., 1, Cetakan Pertama, 17, Jakarta, Buku
Kedokteran ECG.
33
Farnsworth, 1966, Biological and Phytochemical Screening of Plants,
Pharmaceutical Science, Hal 257.
Hatmanti, 2000, Pengenalan Bacillus spp, Oseana, 25 (1), 31-41.
Hayati, E.K., & Halimah, N., 2010, Phytochemical Test and Brine Shrimp
Lethality Test Against Artemia salina Leach of Anting- Anting (Acalypha
indica Linn) Plant Extract, Alchemy, 1 (2), 53-103.
Jaffri, J.M., Mohamed, S., Rohimi, N., Ahmad, I.N., Noordin, M.M., Manap,
Y.A., 2011, Antihypertensive and Cardiovasculer Effect of Cathecin-Rich
Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extract in Nitric Oxide-Deficient Rats,
Journal of Medical Food, 14, 775-783..
Jawetz, E., Melnick, J.L., & Adelberg, E.A., 1991, Mikrobiologi Kedokteran,
Diterjemahkan Oleh Maulany, R.F., & Edinugroho., 239, 143, Jakarta,
Salemba Medika
Kraus, D. and Peschel, A., 2008, Staphylococcus aureus Evasion of Innate
Antimicrobial Defense, Future Microbiol, 4, 437-451.
Lay, B.W & Hastowo, S., 1994, Analisis Mikroba di Laboratorium, 91, 100-101,
Jakarta, PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Mulyani, S. & Laksana, T., 2011, Analisis Flavonoid dan Tanin Dengan Metode
Mikroskopi – Mikokimiawi, Majalah Obat Tradisional, 16 (3), 109-114.
Mutschler, E, 1991, Dinamika Obat edisi kelima, Diterjemahkan Oleh Widhianto,
M.B & Ranti, A.S., 634, Bandung, Penerbit ITB.
NCBI, Systemic Bacteriology, www.ncbi.nlm.niv.gov/Staphylococcus (Diakses
tanngal 29 Desember 2013).
Namvar, F., Muhamed, S., Behravan, J., Mustapha, N.M., Noorjahan, Alitheen,
B.M., et al., 2009, Estrogenic Activity of Elaeis guineensis leaf,
Pharmacologyonline, 2, 818-826.
Nursyam, H, Andayani,S, Salis,H, 2013, Antibacterial Activity Of Sponge
Extracts (Geodia Sp) Against Staphylococcus aureus And Escherichia
coli, Global Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, 1 (1), 88-92.
Nyananyo, B.l., Mensah, S.I., Achama, C., 2010, Phytochemical Investigations Of
Some Tropical Plants From The Niger Delta Area Of Nigeria, Scientia
Africana, 9 (1), 173-177.
34
Okstad & Kolsto, 2011, Genomic of Bacillus Species, Hal 29, Norwegia, Springer
Science.
Pelczhar, M.J., & Chan, E.C.S., 1988, Dasar Dasar Mikrobiologi I,
Diterjemahkan Oleh Hadioetomo, R.S., Imas, T., Tjitrosomo, S.S., &
Angka, S.L., 954, 947, 517, 522, 523, Jakarta, Penerbit Universitas
Indonesia.
Poelengan, M., Andriani, K., Susanti, S., Sussan,L., Komala, M., 2007, Uji Daya
Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Batang Bungur (Largerstormenia speciosa
Pers) Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli Secara In
Vitro, Laporan Penelitian, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Pratiwi, S.T., 2008, Mikrobiologi Farmasi, 191-192, 196, Jakarta, Penerbit
Erlangga.
Rizsa, S., 1994, Kelapa Sawit Upaya Peningkatan Produktivitas, 39, Yogyakarta,
Penerbit Kanisius.
Rohman, A., 2009, Kromatografi Untuk Analisis Obat, 2, Yogyakarta, Graha
Ilmu.
Shaik, G, 2011, Phytochemical Analysis of The Indian Medicinal Plant Argyreia
involucrate, International Journal Of Research In Pharmaceutical And
Biomedical Science, 2 (4), 1778-1782.
Septiana, A.T., Asnani, A., 2012, Kajian Sifat Fisikokimia Ekstrak Rumput Laut
Coklat Sargassum duplicatum Menggunakan Berbagai Pelarut dan Metode
Ekstraksi, Agrointek 6 (1), 22-28.
Sasidharan, S., Nilawatyi, R., Xavier, R., Latha, L.Y., Amala, R., 2010, Wound
Healing Potential of Elaeis guineensis Jacq Leaves in An Infected Albino
Rat Model, Molecules, 15, 3186-3199.
Sasisdharan, S., Sharmini, R., Vijayarathna, S., Latha, L.Y., Vijenthi, R., Amala,
R., et al, 2009, Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanolic
Extracts of Elaeis guineensis Jacq Leaf, Pharmacologyonline, 3, 84-90.
Setyamidjaja, D, 1991, Budidaya Kelapa Sawit, 1, 5-6, Yogyakarta, Penerbit
Kanisius.
Sindhu, C.G., 2011, Phytochemical Screening of Mirabilus jalap Linn Leaf
Extract By TLC, RJPBCS, 2 (1), 521.
Sundram, 2013, Palm Oil : Chemistery And Nutrition Updates,
www.americanpalmoil.com/pdf/DRsundram, (Diakses tanggal 20 Mei
2012).
35
Shafaghat, A, 2010, Phytochemical Investigation of Quranic Fruits and Plants ,
Journal of Medical Plants, 9 (35), 1-5.
Tiwari, P., Kumar, B., Gurpreet, K., Harleen, K., 2011, Phytochemical Screening
and Extraction : A Review, International Pharmaceutical Science, 1 (1),
99-106.
Vaghasiyah, Y., Dave, R., Chanda, S., 2011, Phytochemical Analysis of Some
Medicinal Plants From Western Region of India, Research Journal
Medicininal Plant, 5 (5), 567-576.
Valgas, C., Souza, S.M., Smânia, E.F.A., J.R, Artur, S., Screening Method to
Determine Antibacterial Activity of Natural Product, 2007, Brazilian
Journal of Biology, 38, 369-380.
Vijayarathna, S., Zakaria, Z., Chen, Y., Latha, L.Y., Kanwar, J.R and Sasidharan,
S., 2012, The Antimicrobial Efficacy of Elaeis guineensis:
Characterization, In Vitro and In Vivo Studies, Molecules, 17, 4860-4877.
Wagner, H., Bladt, S., 1996, Plant Drug Analisys: A Thin Layer Chromatography
Atlas, Second Ed., 350, New York , Springer.
Xie, M & Wang Q, 2010, Antibacterial activity and mechanism of luteolin on
Staphylococcus aureus, Pubmed article in Chinese 50 (9), 1180.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abdul, M, Auribie, B, 2011, Antioxidant Activity Of Tannin From Tamarix
Aphylla L. Leaves, Basra J. Agric., Sci, 24 (1).
Alam, G., Mufidah, Massi, N., Rahim, A., Usmar., 2012, Skrining Komponen
Kimia dan Uji Aktivitas Mukolitik Ekstrak Rimpang Bangle (Zingiber
purpureum Roxb) Terhadap Mukosa Usus Sapi Secara In Vitro, Majalah
Farmasi dan Farmakologi, 16 (3), 123-126.
Andersen, O & Markham, K, 2006, Flavonoid Chemistry, Biochemistry and
Applications, CRC Press, Boca Rotan, 2-3.
Apristiani, D & Astuti, P, 2005, Isolasi Komponen Aktif Antibakteri Ekstrak
Kloroform Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) dengan
Bioautografi, Biofarmasi, 3 (2), 43-46.
Ariyanti, N.K., Darmayas, I.D., & Sudirga, S.K., 2012, Daya Hambat Ekstrak
Kulit Daun Lidah Buaya (Aloe barbadensis Miller) Terhadap
Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 dan
Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Jurnal Biologi, 16 (1), 1-4.
Asih, I.A., Ratnayani, K, & Swardana, I., 2012, Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa
Golongan Flavonoid Dari Madu Kelengkeng (Nepholium longata L.),
Jurnal Kimia, 6 (1), Hal 72-78.
Bhavsar, A & Brown, E, 2006, Cell Wall Assembly In Bacillus subtilis: How
Spirals and Sapces Challenge Paradigms, Moleculer Microbiology, 60 (5),
1077-1090.
Chong, K.H., Zuraina, Z., Sasidharan, S., Devi, P.V.K., Latha, L.Y., Ramanathan,
S., 2008, Antimicrobial Activity of Elaeis guineensis Leaf,
Pharmacologyonline, 3, 379-386.
Dhayanti, AY, Trisunuwati, P dan Murwani,S, 2008, Efek Antimikroba Ekstrak
N-Heksan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) Terhadap Eschericia coli
Secara In Vitro, Laporan Penelitian, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan,
Universitas Brawijaya.
Gannon, J.C., 2000, The Global Infectious Disease Threat And Its Implications
for The United State, NIE, 99-17.
Gibson, J.M., 1996, Mikrobiologi dan Patologi Modern Untuk Perawat,
Diterjemahkan Oleh Prasada, S., 1, Cetakan Pertama, 17, Jakarta, Buku
Kedokteran ECG.
33
Farnsworth, 1966, Biological and Phytochemical Screening of Plants,
Pharmaceutical Science, Hal 257.
Hatmanti, 2000, Pengenalan Bacillus spp, Oseana, 25 (1), 31-41.
Hayati, E.K., & Halimah, N., 2010, Phytochemical Test and Brine Shrimp
Lethality Test Against Artemia salina Leach of Anting- Anting (Acalypha
indica Linn) Plant Extract, Alchemy, 1 (2), 53-103.
Jaffri, J.M., Mohamed, S., Rohimi, N., Ahmad, I.N., Noordin, M.M., Manap,
Y.A., 2011, Antihypertensive and Cardiovasculer Effect of Cathecin-Rich
Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extract in Nitric Oxide-Deficient Rats,
Journal of Medical Food, 14, 775-783..
Jawetz, E., Melnick, J.L., & Adelberg, E.A., 1991, Mikrobiologi Kedokteran,
Diterjemahkan Oleh Maulany, R.F., & Edinugroho., 239, 143, Jakarta,
Salemba Medika
Kraus, D. and Peschel, A., 2008, Staphylococcus aureus Evasion of Innate
Antimicrobial Defense, Future Microbiol, 4, 437-451.
Lay, B.W & Hastowo, S., 1994, Analisis Mikroba di Laboratorium, 91, 100-101,
Jakarta, PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Mulyani, S. & Laksana, T., 2011, Analisis Flavonoid dan Tanin Dengan Metode
Mikroskopi – Mikokimiawi, Majalah Obat Tradisional, 16 (3), 109-114.
Mutschler, E, 1991, Dinamika Obat edisi kelima, Diterjemahkan Oleh Widhianto,
M.B & Ranti, A.S., 634, Bandung, Penerbit ITB.
NCBI, Systemic Bacteriology, www.ncbi.nlm.niv.gov/Staphylococcus (Diakses
tanngal 29 Desember 2013).
Namvar, F., Muhamed, S., Behravan, J., Mustapha, N.M., Noorjahan, Alitheen,
B.M., et al., 2009, Estrogenic Activity of Elaeis guineensis leaf,
Pharmacologyonline, 2, 818-826.
Nursyam, H, Andayani,S, Salis,H, 2013, Antibacterial Activity Of Sponge
Extracts (Geodia Sp) Against Staphylococcus aureus And Escherichia
coli, Global Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, 1 (1), 88-92.
Nyananyo, B.l., Mensah, S.I., Achama, C., 2010, Phytochemical Investigations Of
Some Tropical Plants From The Niger Delta Area Of Nigeria, Scientia
Africana, 9 (1), 173-177.
34
Okstad & Kolsto, 2011, Genomic of Bacillus Species, Hal 29, Norwegia, Springer
Science.
Pelczhar, M.J., & Chan, E.C.S., 1988, Dasar Dasar Mikrobiologi I,
Diterjemahkan Oleh Hadioetomo, R.S., Imas, T., Tjitrosomo, S.S., &
Angka, S.L., 954, 947, 517, 522, 523, Jakarta, Penerbit Universitas
Indonesia.
Poelengan, M., Andriani, K., Susanti, S., Sussan,L., Komala, M., 2007, Uji Daya
Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Batang Bungur (Largerstormenia speciosa
Pers) Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli Secara In
Vitro, Laporan Penelitian, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Pratiwi, S.T., 2008, Mikrobiologi Farmasi, 191-192, 196, Jakarta, Penerbit
Erlangga.
Rizsa, S., 1994, Kelapa Sawit Upaya Peningkatan Produktivitas, 39, Yogyakarta,
Penerbit Kanisius.
Rohman, A., 2009, Kromatografi Untuk Analisis Obat, 2, Yogyakarta, Graha
Ilmu.
Shaik, G, 2011, Phytochemical Analysis of The Indian Medicinal Plant Argyreia
involucrate, International Journal Of Research In Pharmaceutical And
Biomedical Science, 2 (4), 1778-1782.
Septiana, A.T., Asnani, A., 2012, Kajian Sifat Fisikokimia Ekstrak Rumput Laut
Coklat Sargassum duplicatum Menggunakan Berbagai Pelarut dan Metode
Ekstraksi, Agrointek 6 (1), 22-28.
Sasidharan, S., Nilawatyi, R., Xavier, R., Latha, L.Y., Amala, R., 2010, Wound
Healing Potential of Elaeis guineensis Jacq Leaves in An Infected Albino
Rat Model, Molecules, 15, 3186-3199.
Sasisdharan, S., Sharmini, R., Vijayarathna, S., Latha, L.Y., Vijenthi, R., Amala,
R., et al, 2009, Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanolic
Extracts of Elaeis guineensis Jacq Leaf, Pharmacologyonline, 3, 84-90.
Setyamidjaja, D, 1991, Budidaya Kelapa Sawit, 1, 5-6, Yogyakarta, Penerbit
Kanisius.
Sindhu, C.G., 2011, Phytochemical Screening of Mirabilus jalap Linn Leaf
Extract By TLC, RJPBCS, 2 (1), 521.
Sundram, 2013, Palm Oil : Chemistery And Nutrition Updates,
www.americanpalmoil.com/pdf/DRsundram, (Diakses tanggal 20 Mei
2012).
35
Shafaghat, A, 2010, Phytochemical Investigation of Quranic Fruits and Plants ,
Journal of Medical Plants, 9 (35), 1-5.
Tiwari, P., Kumar, B., Gurpreet, K., Harleen, K., 2011, Phytochemical Screening
and Extraction : A Review, International Pharmaceutical Science, 1 (1),
99-106.
Vaghasiyah, Y., Dave, R., Chanda, S., 2011, Phytochemical Analysis of Some
Medicinal Plants From Western Region of India, Research Journal
Medicininal Plant, 5 (5), 567-576.
Valgas, C., Souza, S.M., Smânia, E.F.A., J.R, Artur, S., Screening Method to
Determine Antibacterial Activity of Natural Product, 2007, Brazilian
Journal of Biology, 38, 369-380.
Vijayarathna, S., Zakaria, Z., Chen, Y., Latha, L.Y., Kanwar, J.R and Sasidharan,
S., 2012, The Antimicrobial Efficacy of Elaeis guineensis:
Characterization, In Vitro and In Vivo Studies, Molecules, 17, 4860-4877.
Wagner, H., Bladt, S., 1996, Plant Drug Analisys: A Thin Layer Chromatography
Atlas, Second Ed., 350, New York , Springer.
Xie, M & Wang Q, 2010, Antibacterial activity and mechanism of luteolin on
Staphylococcus aureus, Pubmed article in Chinese 50 (9), 1180.