An Error Analysis On The Use Of Gerund Made By The Eleventh Grade Students Of Sma Free Methodist Medan
AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF GERUND MADE BY THE
ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA FREE METHODIST MEDAN
A THESIS
BY:
SISKA AMELIA
REG. NO. 140721027
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2016
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF GERUND MADE BY THE
ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA FREE METHODIST MEDAN
A THESIS
BY
SISKA AMELIA
REG. NO. 140721027
SUPERVISOR
CO-SUPERVISOR
Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOL.
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D
NIP. 19570308 198403 1 004
NIP. 19750209 20812 1 002
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra From
Department English.
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2016
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of
Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S.
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D
NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002
NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the
degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural
Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara on 23 July 2016
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. Drs. Budi Agustono, M.S.
NIP.19600805198703 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S.
___________________
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D.
___________________
Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed., TESOL
___________________
Drs. M. Syafie’ie Siregar, M.A.
___________________
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, SISKA AMELIA , DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS
THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS
THESIS.
THIS
THESIS
CONTAINS
NO
MATERIAL
PUBLISHED
ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS
BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR A WARDED ANOTHER DEGREE.
NO
OTHER
PERSON’S
WORK
HAS
BEEN
USED
WITHOUT
DUE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS
HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN
ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed :
Date
: July 23rd, 2016
1
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: SISKA AMELIA
TITLE OF THESIS
: AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF
GERUND MADE BY THE ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS
OF
SMA
FREE
METHODIST
MEDAN
QUALIFICATION
:
S-1/SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION
DEPARTMENT
AT
OF
THE
DISCRETION
ENGLISH,
FACULTY
OF
THE
LIBRARIAN
OF
CULTURAL
OF
STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF
THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: July 23rd , 2016
2
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillahirrahmaanirrahiim.
First of all, I would like to thank and praise to Almighty God, Allah SWT who
has given the mercy, the blessing, guarding, and guidance in my life, especially in
accomplishing this thesis one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from
English Department at Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.
Shalawat and Salam for the Prophet Muhammad SAW who has brought us from the
darkness to the brightness.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Drs. Chairul Husni,
M.ED. TESOL and my co-supervisor, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D, for the benefit
of their wide knowledge and for their suggestions, guidance and advice in making
corrections to this thesis. I also would like to thank all lectures who given knowledge
throughout academic years.
Then, I would like to thank the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. Drs. Budi
Agustono, M.S , the Head of English Department Dr. Muhizar Muchtar M.S, and the
Secretary of English Department Rahmadsyah Rangkuti M.A., Ph.D, and all the staff for
their valuable help throughout the academic years.
I wishes to thank Morris Walfrino, S.Pd, the headmaster of SMA Free Methodist
Medan for having allowed the students in grade XI as respondents of this study and the
entire teachers, especially Surya Tarigan, S.Pd, for all the time, the information about
learning process of English, and for guidance there and for all the students who have a
good cooperation during the research.
Then, my deepest thank and love are dedicated to my beloved parents, Aspan
Effendi and Siti Elvina, who have patiently given moral, spiritual, and prays to their
3
Universitas Sumatera Utara
daughter. And also thank to my siblings, Elfan Syahputra, S.Pd, and Fatia Aulia who
have really support education from the first semester until completed this thesis.
My special thank is dedicated to my beloved partner Ridho Rahadian Fauzan,
who always help, patient, and support me everytime , for having great time together, love
you and lucky to have you. For my beloved friends Tri Suci Ratnasari S.S , Ayang
Kuswira S.Pd, Sofie Siregar, Rena Andari , Natassa Febrini S.Psi , Rasyika Yumni S.E,
Cut Alin S.E, Indra, Dandy, Lilis Handayani S.S, Zulfida Sari , Aviandhani, Hasanah,
Nana Suryana, Sahuri , Rumada, Rezki, and Abun.
who always supports, cares, and
other things that help me to complete this thesis. Thank you for the nice friendship
during our study. I will be missing the days we spent together. The last, thanks to my
classmate in English Department who always spend our times together.
Medan, July 2016
Siska Amelia
Reg. No.140721027
4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
This thesis deals with Error Analysis on the Use of Gerund Made by The Eleventh
Grade Students of SMA Free Methodist Medan ”. The objectives are to find the kinds and
the most dominant errors in the use of Gerund , the data are taken from 30 students as the
samples by giving them some test concerning Gerund. The data, then, are analyzed based
on the kinds and the most dominant errors. From the analysis it is found that the
percentage of omission error 40.47%, addition is 23.47%, misformation is 29.32%, and
misordering is 6,74%. Therefore, the most dominant error is Omission Error 40.47%.
Keywords: Error analysis, kinds of error, gerund
5
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berkaitan dengan “An Error Analysis on the Use of Gerund Made by The
Eleventh Grade Students of SMA Free Methodist Medan ”. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah
untuk menemukan jenis-jenis kesalahan dan kesalahan yang paling dominan di dalam
menggunakan Gerund, data diambil dari 30 siswa sebagai sample dengan memberikan
mereka beberapa test yang berhubungan dengan Gerund. Kemudian, data di analisis
berdasarkan jenis dan kesalahan yang paling dominan. Dari analisis-analisis itu
ditemukan persentase kesalahan penghilangan 40.47%, kesalahan penambahan 23.47%,
kesalahan informasi 29.32%, dan kesalahan susunan 6.74%. Oleh karena itu, kesalahan
yang paling dominan adalah kesalahan penghilangan 40.47%.
Keywords: Error analysis, kinds of error, gerund.
6
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ................................................................
v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ............................................................
vi
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................
vii
ABSTRACT
............................................................................................
ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS .........................................................................
xi
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................
xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ............................................
1
1.2 Problem of the Study ....................................................
4
1.3 Objective of the Study .................................................
5
1.4 Scope of the Study ......................................................
5
1.5 Significance of the Study ............................................
5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Theoretical Concepts ...................................................
6
2.2 Description of Error Analysis .......................................
6
2.2.1 Types of Error ..........................................................
8
2.2.2 The Cause of Error ....................................................
9
2.3. The Difference between Error and Mistake ................
10
2.4 Gerund in Brief ...........................................................
10
2.4.1 Definition .................................................................
10
2.4.2 Functions ....................................................................
12
7
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2.4.3 Gerund and Present Participle ..................................
19
2.4.4 Comparison between Gerund and Infinitive ............
21
2.5 Previous Studies ………………………………….. ....
23
CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH
3.1 Research Method .........................................................
25
3.2 Data and Data Source ..................................................
25
3.3 Data Collecting Procedure ..........................................
26
3.4 Data Analysis Method .................................................
26
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
4.1 Data Analysis ..............................................................
28
4.1.1 Kinds of Error in Using Gerund as Subject .............
28
4.1.2 Kinds of Error in Using Gerund as Object ...............
33
4.1.3 Kinds of Error in Using Gerud as Preposition .........
38
4.1.4 Kinds of Error in Using Gerund as Possesive ..........
40
4.1 Findings .........................................................................
42
4.2.1 The Table of Errors ..................................................
42
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusions .................................................................
45
5.2 Suggestions .................................................................
46
REFERENCES ........................................................................................
47
APPENDICES
8
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Kinds of Error ...............................................................................
42
Table 2. The Errors of Omission ................................................................
43
Table 3. The Errors of Addition .................................................................
43
Table 4. The Errors of Misformation` .......................................................
44
Table 5. The Errors of Misordering ............................................................
44
9
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA FREE METHODIST MEDAN
A THESIS
BY:
SISKA AMELIA
REG. NO. 140721027
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2016
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF GERUND MADE BY THE
ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA FREE METHODIST MEDAN
A THESIS
BY
SISKA AMELIA
REG. NO. 140721027
SUPERVISOR
CO-SUPERVISOR
Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOL.
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D
NIP. 19570308 198403 1 004
NIP. 19750209 20812 1 002
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra From
Department English.
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2016
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of
Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S.
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D
NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002
NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the
degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural
Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara on 23 July 2016
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. Drs. Budi Agustono, M.S.
NIP.19600805198703 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S.
___________________
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D.
___________________
Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed., TESOL
___________________
Drs. M. Syafie’ie Siregar, M.A.
___________________
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, SISKA AMELIA , DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS
THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS
THESIS.
THIS
THESIS
CONTAINS
NO
MATERIAL
PUBLISHED
ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS
BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR A WARDED ANOTHER DEGREE.
NO
OTHER
PERSON’S
WORK
HAS
BEEN
USED
WITHOUT
DUE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS
HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN
ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed :
Date
: July 23rd, 2016
1
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: SISKA AMELIA
TITLE OF THESIS
: AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF
GERUND MADE BY THE ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS
OF
SMA
FREE
METHODIST
MEDAN
QUALIFICATION
:
S-1/SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION
DEPARTMENT
AT
OF
THE
DISCRETION
ENGLISH,
FACULTY
OF
THE
LIBRARIAN
OF
CULTURAL
OF
STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF
THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: July 23rd , 2016
2
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillahirrahmaanirrahiim.
First of all, I would like to thank and praise to Almighty God, Allah SWT who
has given the mercy, the blessing, guarding, and guidance in my life, especially in
accomplishing this thesis one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from
English Department at Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.
Shalawat and Salam for the Prophet Muhammad SAW who has brought us from the
darkness to the brightness.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Drs. Chairul Husni,
M.ED. TESOL and my co-supervisor, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D, for the benefit
of their wide knowledge and for their suggestions, guidance and advice in making
corrections to this thesis. I also would like to thank all lectures who given knowledge
throughout academic years.
Then, I would like to thank the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. Drs. Budi
Agustono, M.S , the Head of English Department Dr. Muhizar Muchtar M.S, and the
Secretary of English Department Rahmadsyah Rangkuti M.A., Ph.D, and all the staff for
their valuable help throughout the academic years.
I wishes to thank Morris Walfrino, S.Pd, the headmaster of SMA Free Methodist
Medan for having allowed the students in grade XI as respondents of this study and the
entire teachers, especially Surya Tarigan, S.Pd, for all the time, the information about
learning process of English, and for guidance there and for all the students who have a
good cooperation during the research.
Then, my deepest thank and love are dedicated to my beloved parents, Aspan
Effendi and Siti Elvina, who have patiently given moral, spiritual, and prays to their
3
Universitas Sumatera Utara
daughter. And also thank to my siblings, Elfan Syahputra, S.Pd, and Fatia Aulia who
have really support education from the first semester until completed this thesis.
My special thank is dedicated to my beloved partner Ridho Rahadian Fauzan,
who always help, patient, and support me everytime , for having great time together, love
you and lucky to have you. For my beloved friends Tri Suci Ratnasari S.S , Ayang
Kuswira S.Pd, Sofie Siregar, Rena Andari , Natassa Febrini S.Psi , Rasyika Yumni S.E,
Cut Alin S.E, Indra, Dandy, Lilis Handayani S.S, Zulfida Sari , Aviandhani, Hasanah,
Nana Suryana, Sahuri , Rumada, Rezki, and Abun.
who always supports, cares, and
other things that help me to complete this thesis. Thank you for the nice friendship
during our study. I will be missing the days we spent together. The last, thanks to my
classmate in English Department who always spend our times together.
Medan, July 2016
Siska Amelia
Reg. No.140721027
4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
This thesis deals with Error Analysis on the Use of Gerund Made by The Eleventh
Grade Students of SMA Free Methodist Medan ”. The objectives are to find the kinds and
the most dominant errors in the use of Gerund , the data are taken from 30 students as the
samples by giving them some test concerning Gerund. The data, then, are analyzed based
on the kinds and the most dominant errors. From the analysis it is found that the
percentage of omission error 40.47%, addition is 23.47%, misformation is 29.32%, and
misordering is 6,74%. Therefore, the most dominant error is Omission Error 40.47%.
Keywords: Error analysis, kinds of error, gerund
5
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berkaitan dengan “An Error Analysis on the Use of Gerund Made by The
Eleventh Grade Students of SMA Free Methodist Medan ”. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah
untuk menemukan jenis-jenis kesalahan dan kesalahan yang paling dominan di dalam
menggunakan Gerund, data diambil dari 30 siswa sebagai sample dengan memberikan
mereka beberapa test yang berhubungan dengan Gerund. Kemudian, data di analisis
berdasarkan jenis dan kesalahan yang paling dominan. Dari analisis-analisis itu
ditemukan persentase kesalahan penghilangan 40.47%, kesalahan penambahan 23.47%,
kesalahan informasi 29.32%, dan kesalahan susunan 6.74%. Oleh karena itu, kesalahan
yang paling dominan adalah kesalahan penghilangan 40.47%.
Keywords: Error analysis, kinds of error, gerund.
6
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ................................................................
v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ............................................................
vi
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................
vii
ABSTRACT
............................................................................................
ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS .........................................................................
xi
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................
xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ............................................
1
1.2 Problem of the Study ....................................................
4
1.3 Objective of the Study .................................................
5
1.4 Scope of the Study ......................................................
5
1.5 Significance of the Study ............................................
5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Theoretical Concepts ...................................................
6
2.2 Description of Error Analysis .......................................
6
2.2.1 Types of Error ..........................................................
8
2.2.2 The Cause of Error ....................................................
9
2.3. The Difference between Error and Mistake ................
10
2.4 Gerund in Brief ...........................................................
10
2.4.1 Definition .................................................................
10
2.4.2 Functions ....................................................................
12
7
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2.4.3 Gerund and Present Participle ..................................
19
2.4.4 Comparison between Gerund and Infinitive ............
21
2.5 Previous Studies ………………………………….. ....
23
CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH
3.1 Research Method .........................................................
25
3.2 Data and Data Source ..................................................
25
3.3 Data Collecting Procedure ..........................................
26
3.4 Data Analysis Method .................................................
26
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
4.1 Data Analysis ..............................................................
28
4.1.1 Kinds of Error in Using Gerund as Subject .............
28
4.1.2 Kinds of Error in Using Gerund as Object ...............
33
4.1.3 Kinds of Error in Using Gerud as Preposition .........
38
4.1.4 Kinds of Error in Using Gerund as Possesive ..........
40
4.1 Findings .........................................................................
42
4.2.1 The Table of Errors ..................................................
42
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusions .................................................................
45
5.2 Suggestions .................................................................
46
REFERENCES ........................................................................................
47
APPENDICES
8
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Kinds of Error ...............................................................................
42
Table 2. The Errors of Omission ................................................................
43
Table 3. The Errors of Addition .................................................................
43
Table 4. The Errors of Misformation` .......................................................
44
Table 5. The Errors of Misordering ............................................................
44
9
Universitas Sumatera Utara