Ancaman Trematoda di Sungai Mekong.
GATRA
ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
o
o
S e n in
2(S)
17
18
O Jan
~
S e la s a
•
19
O P eb
o
Rabu
456
7
20
21
o Mar
O Apr
23
O M ei
Jumat
S a b tu
o DCBA
o
M in g g u
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
8
22
0
K a m is
O Jun
O Jul
•
Ags
O Sep
O O kt
O Nov
31
O D es
__ KA_N~KE_R
_
b is a m a s u k k e d a la m tu b u h
A n c a m a n T re m a to d a
di Sungai M ekong
b e s e r ta ik a n
y a n g d is a n ta p .
m em ang
T r e m a to d a
sebagai
b ia n g
k a n k e r.
D o k te r
A gnes
p a d a F a k u lta s
d ic u r ig a i
H a!
in i
d ia k u i
K u r n ia w a n ,
p a r a s ito lo g
K e d o k te r a n
U n iv e r s ita s
I n d o n e s ia . C a c in g b is a h id u p d i b e b e r a p a
o rg a n
tu b u h
m a n u s ia .
A d a c a c in g y a n g
h id u p d i s a lu r a n c e r n a , d i liv e r d a n k a n to n g
\
!f!!r!
."'. ::"j.~,1~·
Penduduk tepi Sungai Mekong dibayangi ancaman kank~f:' .',
kantong empedu. Diduga karena sering mengonsumsi ikan
yang mengandung cacing daun. 8eberapa spesies cacing
bisa menyebabkan beragam jenis kanker.
e m e r in ta h
P
T h a ila n d
b e rp e ra n g
m usuh.
S e la in
dengan
K a m b o ja
p e rk a ra
ta p a l
b e r ji b a k u
h a r u s m e m e r ik s a g e ja la p e n y a k it k a n k e r ,"
sedang
m e la w a n
dua
b e r s e te r u
T r e m a to d a ,
c a c in g
s e b u ta n
a ta u d ik e n a l
daun
la n ta r a n
b e n tu k n y a m e n y e r u p a i d a u n .
P e m e r in ta h
itu
m e n ila i,
"n e g e ri
c a c in g
g a ja h p u tih "
te r s e b u t
p a n ta s
d im u s n a h k a n
la n ta r a n
m enyebabkan
p e f ld u d u k n y a
m e n d e r ita
k a n k e r . C a c in g
itu
d ite m u k a n
di
s e p a n ja n g
P e m e r in ta h
K e s e h a ta n
Sungai
itu
K o re a ,
dan
C in a .
in i,
b e b e ra p a
p e ja b a t
d i w ila y a h - w ila y a h
M ekong
30
m e m in ta
ta h u n
R e u te r s ,
u n tu k
d in a s
a w a l b u la n
w a rg a
yang
m e m e r ik s a
b e r u s ia
tin ja n y a .
T r e m a to d a .
40
ta h u n
(W H O ),
itu
a d a la h
L e b ih
d a r i 6 7 ju ta
m e n g a la m i n a s ib
buang
sum ber
yang
p e n y a k it
b u ru k .
S e r in g
a ir b e s a r s e m b a r a n g a n
K e m u d ia n
te r k a n d u n g
ik a n itu a k a n m e n g e lu a r k a n
c a c in g
d io b a ti,
J ik a tid a k
T r e m a to d a .
m e re k a
d ik h a w a tir k a n
m e n d e r ita k a n k e r k a n to n g e m p e d u s e la n g
b e b e r a p a ta h u n .
agar
sem ua
em pedu,
w a rg a
obat
g r a tis .
adanya
P o k p e rm d e e
m e re k a
m e n g a n ju r k a n
d ib e r i
se c a ra
c a c in g
k a n to n g
m enam bahkan,
d io p e r a s i
a g a r tu m o r
te r in f e k s i
la n ta r a n
m e n ta h
ik a n
W HO
m enduga,
u n tu k
m e n ja g a
m a ta n g
T r e m a to d a
m e re k a
m engonsum si
s e te n g a h
s e b u ta n
la in .
ko i-p la .
m a ta n g
k e se g a ra n
yang
d im a k a n
la g i. J a d i,
p a r a s it
yang
m e ru p a k a n
T r e m a to d a
m e m ilik i
b e b e ra p a
in a n g ,
te r m a s u k m a n u s ia .
A d a d u a s u b s p e s ie s c a c in g
yang
m e n g a k ib a tk a n
C lo n o r c h is d a n
T r e m a to d a
k a n k e r,
O p is to r c h is .
yakni
D u a s u b s p e ie s in i
tu m b u h d a n m e n e ta s d i k a n to n g e m p e d u .
"D i
te m p a t
p e ra d a n g a n
itu ,
c a c in g
m e n im b u lk a n
h in g g a k r o n is ,"
u ja r A g n e s .
B ila s e s e o r a n g
a ta u
c a c in g itu a k a n m u d a h m e m ic u k a n k e r .
p o p u le r
P a d a ik a n y a n g
ir u , la r v a c a c in g
d a p a t b e r ta h a n h id u p s e h in g g a
su d a h p u n y a g e n k a n k e r,
G e ja la s e r a n g a n
c a c in g in i s u lit
te r d e te k s i. K e tik a c a c in g tu m b u h d i d a la m
tu b u h h in g g a m e n im b u lk a n
te r lih a t
ta n d a - ta n d a
Onpad 2011
k a n k e r , tid a k
khusus.
GATRA
Huma.
a ir . S e te la h
ik a n
44
IUlplng
fe se s y a n g
keong
m e n g in f e k s i k e o n g , ia k e lu a r c la n d im a k a n
N am un,
tu m o r
itu tid a k m e n y e b a r k e o r g a n - o r g a n
P ih a k
k e m u d ia n
ik a n
M a k a , P o k p e rm d e e
m engandung
di
f e s e s itu - - y a n g
d is a n ta p
se g e ra
s e b a g ia n
d ia ,
s a n ita s i
m a n u s ia ,
tid a k d im a s a k
c a c in g
b e ru m u r
yang
la v a - -
itu
yang
T r e m a to d a
ik a n . B ila lo lo s d a r i ta n g k a p a n
dengan
m engandung
M e n u ru t
s e te la h
D u n ia
w a r g a la in n y a te r a n c a m
T u ju a n n y a , u n tu k m e lih a ta p a k a h k o to r a n
"S edangkan
c a c in g
y a n g s a m a k a r e n a d i tu b u h m e r e k a d id u g a
k e s e h a ta n
y a n g d ila lu i S u n g a i
a d a la h
te p i s u n g a i.
te r in f e k s i.
s e b a ik n y a
S e p e r ti d ik u tip
la in n y a . " Y a n g b is a m e n y e b a b k a n
M ekong
b ila d ite m u k a n
K a m b o ja ,
tu b u h
kanker
o ra n g
p r a ziq u a n te l
L aos,
e m p e d u , d i p a r u - p a r u , s e r ta d i d a la m o r g a n
m e n c a ta t 9 ju ta w a r g a d i s e p a n ja n g S u n g a i
la u t T h a ila n d .
V ie tn a m ,
P r o v in s i
d a ta n g
K e s e h a ta n
M e k o n g y a n g m e n g a lir d i w ila y a h tim u r
S u n g a i in i ju g a m e lin ta s i
K e p a la
h id u p d i k a n to n g e m p e d u ," k a ta A g n e s .
P e r in ta h
O r g a n is a s i
s e r a n g a n c a c in g . M u s u h k e d u a in i ta k
k a s a tm a ta k a r e n a u k u r a n n y a s a n g a t k e c il.
dengan
D in a s
ju g a
m enghadang
N a m a c a c in g itu :
P o rp e rm d e e ,
N o n g b u a la n p o o .
k a re n a
b a ta s ,
u ja r P o n g s a d h o r n
P e n d e r ita
3 AGUSTUS 2011
tid a k
m e ra sa k a n
g e ja la
s a k it
k e tik a
Trematoda.
d ite m u k a n
d i K a lim a n ta n ,
y a itu
M e r e k a b a r u a k a n m e n g a la m i g e ja la s a k it
fasciolopsis y a n g b is a
m e n g in f e k s i
u s u s . "Trematoda
in i
b ila s u d a h
m e n g in f e k s i
tu b u h n y a
m u la i
te r in f e k s i
m e n d e r ita
kanker
k a n to n g
e m p e d u k r o n is .
M e n u ru t
C a ra n y a ,
m a ta n g
A gnes,
kanker
em pedu
s e b e tu ln y a b is a d ic e g a h .
dengan
m em asak
s e b e lu m
ik a n s a m p a i
d ik o n s u m s i.
ja n g a n m e m b ia r k a n
s e h in g g a ia tid a k
tu b u h m a n u s ia .
I n tin y a ,
la r v a - la r v a itu h id u p ,
b is a m e n e ta s
s e r in g
m enem pel
yang
p e rn a h
B e rd a sa rk a n
se se o ra n g
m e n g a la m i
S e m e n ta r a
kanker
itu ,
D o k te r
a h li p e n y a k it
p a d a F a k u lta s
K e d o k te r a n
P a d ja d ja r a n ,
B andung,
p u n y a a n a lis is s e n d ir i. la m e n d u g a ,
d ila k u k a n ,
y a k n i c a c in g b e r b e n tu k
T h a ila n d
p ip ih d a n h id u p
yang
Trematoda
s e p e r ti
S u la w e s i T e n g a h d i s e k ita r D a n a u L in d u ,"
penduduk
T engah,
di
itu ta k la in a k ib a t s p e s ie s
te r ja d i
di
m e n ja n g k iti
d i s e k ita r a lir a n S u n g a i M e k o n g
d i b e r b a g a i a lir a n d a r a h . " I tu p u n ja r a n g
L o k a s in y a
gangguan
S u m a n tr i,
U n iv e r s ita s
apa
te r lo k a lis a s i.
in i.
p e n c e m a a n , s e p e r ti d ia r e .
Trematoda y a n g a d a d i I n d o n e s ia a d a la h
Trematoda d a r a h (Schistosoma japanicum),
dan
la r v a c a c in g
Trematoda u s u s b is a m e n g a k ib a tk a n
R achm at
d i I n d o n e s ia ?
p e n e litia n
yang
n y a u m b i," u ja m y a . S e b a b d i s itu la h
d a la m
B a g a im a n a d e n g a n p o te n s is e r a n g a n
Trematoda
o r a n g - o r lln g
s e n a n g m a k a n ta n a m a n a ir y a n g p u -
Trematoda
a k ib a t
Trematoda
d a ri g e n u s
pem ah
te r ja d i
d i d a e ra h
Schistosoma,
d i S u la w e s i
b e r k e tin g g ia n
tu tu r A g n e s . D a la m ja n g k a p a n ja n g , in f e k s i
1 .0 0 0 - 1 .1 0 0 m e te r d i a ta s p e r m u k a a n
Tremotoda d a r a h p a d a tu b u h m a n u s ia b is a
la u t.
m enyebabkan
A da
ju g a
Trematoda
18%
" V e k to r p e m b a w a p a r a s itn y a a d a la h
s ir o s is h a ti.
d a ra h
yang
kanker
p e n y a k it
b e rh u b u n g a n
in f e k s i. P e n y a k it
dengan
in f e k s i y a n g
s e je n is s ip u t," k a ta R a c h m a t. P a d a s a a titu ,
dapat m enyebabkan
b a n y a k m a m a lia
p a r a s it
k e ja d ia n le b ih tin g g i d i A f r ik a , y a k n i 2 5 % ,
in i, s e p e r ti s a p i, k e r b a u , k u d a , a n jin g , b a b i,
s e d a n g k a n d i n e g a r a la in n y a s e k ita r 1 0 % .
r u s a , a n o a , d a n tik u s . P e n y a k itin i
I n f e k s i itu d a p a t d is e b a b k a n
k a li d ite m u k a n
y a n g te r ja n g k it
d i I n d o n e s ia
B ru g d a n T e sc h p a d a
p e r ta m a
o le h D o k te r
kanker
a k ib a t
in f e k s i
p a r a s it.
o le h v ir u s ,
b a k te r i, a ta u p a r a s it s e p e r ti c a c in g .
1935.
S e tia p
C a c in g m e m a n g b is a m e n y e b a b k a n
k a n k e r p lm y a a n g k a
je n is
m e n g a k ib a tk a n
c a c in g
kanker
pun
yang
b is a
b e rb e d a .
S e k ita r KJIHGFEDCBA
In fe k si
p a r a s it
c a c in g
Opisthorchis
viverrini d a n Clonorchis sinencis, m is a ln y a ,
m e n u ru t
R a c h m a t, m e n y e b a b k a n
kanker
s a lu r a n e m p e d u . L a lu c a c in g Schistosoma
baematobium d a p a t m e n g a k ib a tk a n k a n k e r
kandung
k e m ih .
Sedangkan
Schistosoma japonicum
( a ) T e 1 l- lrm e n g a n ~ u _ n 9 '
..
dengan
kanker usus .
.; ~ m ir a c id iu m · . d ile w a t ':
.k a n d a la m t in ja ',
in f e k s i
b e r k a ita n
S e m e n ta r a
d is e b a b k a n
a n ta r a
itu ,
v ir u s ,
kanker
yang
onctnnrus,
khususnya
la in k a n k e r m u lu t r a h im , k a n k e r
h a ti, k a n k e r
h id u n g - te n g g o r o k ,
kanker
k e ! e n ja r g e ta h b e n in g , d a n k a n k e r d a r a h .
R achm at
m e n e n g a r a i,
p a r a s it b is a
m e n y e b a b k a n k a n k e r le w a tin f e k s i. K e tik a
m uncul
asam
p e ra d a n g a n ,
d io k s ir ib o
te r ja d i
n u k le u s
p e ru b a h a n
(D N A )
pada
s e ! d a r a h p u tih . S e l d a r a h p u r ih d ir u s a k
s e h in g g a
b is a m e n ja d i b a h a n o n k o g e n ik
yang dapat m enyebabkan
S e p e r ti
u n tu k
p e m b e r a n ta s a n
daun,
Schistosomiasis
a d a la h
dengan
m e m u tu s
m e la lu i
s ip u t
dengan
c o n to h ,
r a n ta i
sebagai
m engubah
le m b a p - b a s a h
k a n k c r,
c a c in g
h a b ita t
m e n ja d i
m engubah
Y a itu
s ip u t
k e r in g .
p e rsa w a h a n
p e rk e b u n a n
a ta u m e m b u a t
yang
te r g e n a n g
s e la lu
p e n u la r a n
v e k to r .
d a ri
A m b il
m e n ja d i
p e rsa w a h a n
a ir k a r e n a
s ip u t
tid a k d a p a t h id u p d i g e n a n g a n a ir .m
A R IE S
DAN
GATRA
3 A G U S T U S - Z O ll
.
~
W IS N U
KELANA.
W AGE
BERNADETTA
PAMUNGKAS
F E B R IA N A .
(B A N D U N G )
45
ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
o
o
S e n in
2(S)
17
18
O Jan
~
S e la s a
•
19
O P eb
o
Rabu
456
7
20
21
o Mar
O Apr
23
O M ei
Jumat
S a b tu
o DCBA
o
M in g g u
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
8
22
0
K a m is
O Jun
O Jul
•
Ags
O Sep
O O kt
O Nov
31
O D es
__ KA_N~KE_R
_
b is a m a s u k k e d a la m tu b u h
A n c a m a n T re m a to d a
di Sungai M ekong
b e s e r ta ik a n
y a n g d is a n ta p .
m em ang
T r e m a to d a
sebagai
b ia n g
k a n k e r.
D o k te r
A gnes
p a d a F a k u lta s
d ic u r ig a i
H a!
in i
d ia k u i
K u r n ia w a n ,
p a r a s ito lo g
K e d o k te r a n
U n iv e r s ita s
I n d o n e s ia . C a c in g b is a h id u p d i b e b e r a p a
o rg a n
tu b u h
m a n u s ia .
A d a c a c in g y a n g
h id u p d i s a lu r a n c e r n a , d i liv e r d a n k a n to n g
\
!f!!r!
."'. ::"j.~,1~·
Penduduk tepi Sungai Mekong dibayangi ancaman kank~f:' .',
kantong empedu. Diduga karena sering mengonsumsi ikan
yang mengandung cacing daun. 8eberapa spesies cacing
bisa menyebabkan beragam jenis kanker.
e m e r in ta h
P
T h a ila n d
b e rp e ra n g
m usuh.
S e la in
dengan
K a m b o ja
p e rk a ra
ta p a l
b e r ji b a k u
h a r u s m e m e r ik s a g e ja la p e n y a k it k a n k e r ,"
sedang
m e la w a n
dua
b e r s e te r u
T r e m a to d a ,
c a c in g
s e b u ta n
a ta u d ik e n a l
daun
la n ta r a n
b e n tu k n y a m e n y e r u p a i d a u n .
P e m e r in ta h
itu
m e n ila i,
"n e g e ri
c a c in g
g a ja h p u tih "
te r s e b u t
p a n ta s
d im u s n a h k a n
la n ta r a n
m enyebabkan
p e f ld u d u k n y a
m e n d e r ita
k a n k e r . C a c in g
itu
d ite m u k a n
di
s e p a n ja n g
P e m e r in ta h
K e s e h a ta n
Sungai
itu
K o re a ,
dan
C in a .
in i,
b e b e ra p a
p e ja b a t
d i w ila y a h - w ila y a h
M ekong
30
m e m in ta
ta h u n
R e u te r s ,
u n tu k
d in a s
a w a l b u la n
w a rg a
yang
m e m e r ik s a
b e r u s ia
tin ja n y a .
T r e m a to d a .
40
ta h u n
(W H O ),
itu
a d a la h
L e b ih
d a r i 6 7 ju ta
m e n g a la m i n a s ib
buang
sum ber
yang
p e n y a k it
b u ru k .
S e r in g
a ir b e s a r s e m b a r a n g a n
K e m u d ia n
te r k a n d u n g
ik a n itu a k a n m e n g e lu a r k a n
c a c in g
d io b a ti,
J ik a tid a k
T r e m a to d a .
m e re k a
d ik h a w a tir k a n
m e n d e r ita k a n k e r k a n to n g e m p e d u s e la n g
b e b e r a p a ta h u n .
agar
sem ua
em pedu,
w a rg a
obat
g r a tis .
adanya
P o k p e rm d e e
m e re k a
m e n g a n ju r k a n
d ib e r i
se c a ra
c a c in g
k a n to n g
m enam bahkan,
d io p e r a s i
a g a r tu m o r
te r in f e k s i
la n ta r a n
m e n ta h
ik a n
W HO
m enduga,
u n tu k
m e n ja g a
m a ta n g
T r e m a to d a
m e re k a
m engonsum si
s e te n g a h
s e b u ta n
la in .
ko i-p la .
m a ta n g
k e se g a ra n
yang
d im a k a n
la g i. J a d i,
p a r a s it
yang
m e ru p a k a n
T r e m a to d a
m e m ilik i
b e b e ra p a
in a n g ,
te r m a s u k m a n u s ia .
A d a d u a s u b s p e s ie s c a c in g
yang
m e n g a k ib a tk a n
C lo n o r c h is d a n
T r e m a to d a
k a n k e r,
O p is to r c h is .
yakni
D u a s u b s p e ie s in i
tu m b u h d a n m e n e ta s d i k a n to n g e m p e d u .
"D i
te m p a t
p e ra d a n g a n
itu ,
c a c in g
m e n im b u lk a n
h in g g a k r o n is ,"
u ja r A g n e s .
B ila s e s e o r a n g
a ta u
c a c in g itu a k a n m u d a h m e m ic u k a n k e r .
p o p u le r
P a d a ik a n y a n g
ir u , la r v a c a c in g
d a p a t b e r ta h a n h id u p s e h in g g a
su d a h p u n y a g e n k a n k e r,
G e ja la s e r a n g a n
c a c in g in i s u lit
te r d e te k s i. K e tik a c a c in g tu m b u h d i d a la m
tu b u h h in g g a m e n im b u lk a n
te r lih a t
ta n d a - ta n d a
Onpad 2011
k a n k e r , tid a k
khusus.
GATRA
Huma.
a ir . S e te la h
ik a n
44
IUlplng
fe se s y a n g
keong
m e n g in f e k s i k e o n g , ia k e lu a r c la n d im a k a n
N am un,
tu m o r
itu tid a k m e n y e b a r k e o r g a n - o r g a n
P ih a k
k e m u d ia n
ik a n
M a k a , P o k p e rm d e e
m engandung
di
f e s e s itu - - y a n g
d is a n ta p
se g e ra
s e b a g ia n
d ia ,
s a n ita s i
m a n u s ia ,
tid a k d im a s a k
c a c in g
b e ru m u r
yang
la v a - -
itu
yang
T r e m a to d a
ik a n . B ila lo lo s d a r i ta n g k a p a n
dengan
m engandung
M e n u ru t
s e te la h
D u n ia
w a r g a la in n y a te r a n c a m
T u ju a n n y a , u n tu k m e lih a ta p a k a h k o to r a n
"S edangkan
c a c in g
y a n g s a m a k a r e n a d i tu b u h m e r e k a d id u g a
k e s e h a ta n
y a n g d ila lu i S u n g a i
a d a la h
te p i s u n g a i.
te r in f e k s i.
s e b a ik n y a
S e p e r ti d ik u tip
la in n y a . " Y a n g b is a m e n y e b a b k a n
M ekong
b ila d ite m u k a n
K a m b o ja ,
tu b u h
kanker
o ra n g
p r a ziq u a n te l
L aos,
e m p e d u , d i p a r u - p a r u , s e r ta d i d a la m o r g a n
m e n c a ta t 9 ju ta w a r g a d i s e p a n ja n g S u n g a i
la u t T h a ila n d .
V ie tn a m ,
P r o v in s i
d a ta n g
K e s e h a ta n
M e k o n g y a n g m e n g a lir d i w ila y a h tim u r
S u n g a i in i ju g a m e lin ta s i
K e p a la
h id u p d i k a n to n g e m p e d u ," k a ta A g n e s .
P e r in ta h
O r g a n is a s i
s e r a n g a n c a c in g . M u s u h k e d u a in i ta k
k a s a tm a ta k a r e n a u k u r a n n y a s a n g a t k e c il.
dengan
D in a s
ju g a
m enghadang
N a m a c a c in g itu :
P o rp e rm d e e ,
N o n g b u a la n p o o .
k a re n a
b a ta s ,
u ja r P o n g s a d h o r n
P e n d e r ita
3 AGUSTUS 2011
tid a k
m e ra sa k a n
g e ja la
s a k it
k e tik a
Trematoda.
d ite m u k a n
d i K a lim a n ta n ,
y a itu
M e r e k a b a r u a k a n m e n g a la m i g e ja la s a k it
fasciolopsis y a n g b is a
m e n g in f e k s i
u s u s . "Trematoda
in i
b ila s u d a h
m e n g in f e k s i
tu b u h n y a
m u la i
te r in f e k s i
m e n d e r ita
kanker
k a n to n g
e m p e d u k r o n is .
M e n u ru t
C a ra n y a ,
m a ta n g
A gnes,
kanker
em pedu
s e b e tu ln y a b is a d ic e g a h .
dengan
m em asak
s e b e lu m
ik a n s a m p a i
d ik o n s u m s i.
ja n g a n m e m b ia r k a n
s e h in g g a ia tid a k
tu b u h m a n u s ia .
I n tin y a ,
la r v a - la r v a itu h id u p ,
b is a m e n e ta s
s e r in g
m enem pel
yang
p e rn a h
B e rd a sa rk a n
se se o ra n g
m e n g a la m i
S e m e n ta r a
kanker
itu ,
D o k te r
a h li p e n y a k it
p a d a F a k u lta s
K e d o k te r a n
P a d ja d ja r a n ,
B andung,
p u n y a a n a lis is s e n d ir i. la m e n d u g a ,
d ila k u k a n ,
y a k n i c a c in g b e r b e n tu k
T h a ila n d
p ip ih d a n h id u p
yang
Trematoda
s e p e r ti
S u la w e s i T e n g a h d i s e k ita r D a n a u L in d u ,"
penduduk
T engah,
di
itu ta k la in a k ib a t s p e s ie s
te r ja d i
di
m e n ja n g k iti
d i s e k ita r a lir a n S u n g a i M e k o n g
d i b e r b a g a i a lir a n d a r a h . " I tu p u n ja r a n g
L o k a s in y a
gangguan
S u m a n tr i,
U n iv e r s ita s
apa
te r lo k a lis a s i.
in i.
p e n c e m a a n , s e p e r ti d ia r e .
Trematoda y a n g a d a d i I n d o n e s ia a d a la h
Trematoda d a r a h (Schistosoma japanicum),
dan
la r v a c a c in g
Trematoda u s u s b is a m e n g a k ib a tk a n
R achm at
d i I n d o n e s ia ?
p e n e litia n
yang
n y a u m b i," u ja m y a . S e b a b d i s itu la h
d a la m
B a g a im a n a d e n g a n p o te n s is e r a n g a n
Trematoda
o r a n g - o r lln g
s e n a n g m a k a n ta n a m a n a ir y a n g p u -
Trematoda
a k ib a t
Trematoda
d a ri g e n u s
pem ah
te r ja d i
d i d a e ra h
Schistosoma,
d i S u la w e s i
b e r k e tin g g ia n
tu tu r A g n e s . D a la m ja n g k a p a n ja n g , in f e k s i
1 .0 0 0 - 1 .1 0 0 m e te r d i a ta s p e r m u k a a n
Tremotoda d a r a h p a d a tu b u h m a n u s ia b is a
la u t.
m enyebabkan
A da
ju g a
Trematoda
18%
" V e k to r p e m b a w a p a r a s itn y a a d a la h
s ir o s is h a ti.
d a ra h
yang
kanker
p e n y a k it
b e rh u b u n g a n
in f e k s i. P e n y a k it
dengan
in f e k s i y a n g
s e je n is s ip u t," k a ta R a c h m a t. P a d a s a a titu ,
dapat m enyebabkan
b a n y a k m a m a lia
p a r a s it
k e ja d ia n le b ih tin g g i d i A f r ik a , y a k n i 2 5 % ,
in i, s e p e r ti s a p i, k e r b a u , k u d a , a n jin g , b a b i,
s e d a n g k a n d i n e g a r a la in n y a s e k ita r 1 0 % .
r u s a , a n o a , d a n tik u s . P e n y a k itin i
I n f e k s i itu d a p a t d is e b a b k a n
k a li d ite m u k a n
y a n g te r ja n g k it
d i I n d o n e s ia
B ru g d a n T e sc h p a d a
p e r ta m a
o le h D o k te r
kanker
a k ib a t
in f e k s i
p a r a s it.
o le h v ir u s ,
b a k te r i, a ta u p a r a s it s e p e r ti c a c in g .
1935.
S e tia p
C a c in g m e m a n g b is a m e n y e b a b k a n
k a n k e r p lm y a a n g k a
je n is
m e n g a k ib a tk a n
c a c in g
kanker
pun
yang
b is a
b e rb e d a .
S e k ita r KJIHGFEDCBA
In fe k si
p a r a s it
c a c in g
Opisthorchis
viverrini d a n Clonorchis sinencis, m is a ln y a ,
m e n u ru t
R a c h m a t, m e n y e b a b k a n
kanker
s a lu r a n e m p e d u . L a lu c a c in g Schistosoma
baematobium d a p a t m e n g a k ib a tk a n k a n k e r
kandung
k e m ih .
Sedangkan
Schistosoma japonicum
( a ) T e 1 l- lrm e n g a n ~ u _ n 9 '
..
dengan
kanker usus .
.; ~ m ir a c id iu m · . d ile w a t ':
.k a n d a la m t in ja ',
in f e k s i
b e r k a ita n
S e m e n ta r a
d is e b a b k a n
a n ta r a
itu ,
v ir u s ,
kanker
yang
onctnnrus,
khususnya
la in k a n k e r m u lu t r a h im , k a n k e r
h a ti, k a n k e r
h id u n g - te n g g o r o k ,
kanker
k e ! e n ja r g e ta h b e n in g , d a n k a n k e r d a r a h .
R achm at
m e n e n g a r a i,
p a r a s it b is a
m e n y e b a b k a n k a n k e r le w a tin f e k s i. K e tik a
m uncul
asam
p e ra d a n g a n ,
d io k s ir ib o
te r ja d i
n u k le u s
p e ru b a h a n
(D N A )
pada
s e ! d a r a h p u tih . S e l d a r a h p u r ih d ir u s a k
s e h in g g a
b is a m e n ja d i b a h a n o n k o g e n ik
yang dapat m enyebabkan
S e p e r ti
u n tu k
p e m b e r a n ta s a n
daun,
Schistosomiasis
a d a la h
dengan
m e m u tu s
m e la lu i
s ip u t
dengan
c o n to h ,
r a n ta i
sebagai
m engubah
le m b a p - b a s a h
k a n k c r,
c a c in g
h a b ita t
m e n ja d i
m engubah
Y a itu
s ip u t
k e r in g .
p e rsa w a h a n
p e rk e b u n a n
a ta u m e m b u a t
yang
te r g e n a n g
s e la lu
p e n u la r a n
v e k to r .
d a ri
A m b il
m e n ja d i
p e rsa w a h a n
a ir k a r e n a
s ip u t
tid a k d a p a t h id u p d i g e n a n g a n a ir .m
A R IE S
DAN
GATRA
3 A G U S T U S - Z O ll
.
~
W IS N U
KELANA.
W AGE
BERNADETTA
PAMUNGKAS
F E B R IA N A .
(B A N D U N G )
45