Hubungan Pola Morfologi Vertikal Skeletal Wajah pada Maloklusi Klas I, II dan III dengan Ketebalan Simfisis Mandibula di Klinik PPDGS Ortodonti RSGMP FKG USU
74
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1. Sakrani H, Hussein S, Ansari O. Prevalence of Malocclusion in Patients
Reporting in an Orthodontic OPD of a Teritary Care Hospital. Department of
Orthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan. 2008:
80-5.
2. Jacobson A. Radiographic Cephalometry in Steiner Analysis. Quintessence
Publishing Co. Chicago. 2006: 71-8.
3. Singh G. Text Book of Orthodontics. 2nd Ed, New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers
Medical Publisher, 2007: 130-4.
4. Rakosi T. An Atlas and Manual of Cephalometric Radiography, London: Wolf
Medical Publications Ltd, 1982: 7-8, 34-45,65,78-89.
5. Wahab R, Idris H, Yacob H. Cephalometric and Malocclusion Analysis of
Kadazan Dusun Ethnic Orthodontic Patients. Sains Malaysiana, 2013; 42(1): 2532.
6. Enoki C, Telles C, Matsumoto M. Dental-Skeletal Dimensions in Growing
Individuals with Variations in the Lower Facial Height. Braz Dent J, 2004;
15(1):68-74.
7. Tsunori M, Mashita M, Kasai K. Relationship Between Facial Types and Tooth
and Bone Charactiristics of the Mandible Obtained by CT Scanning. Angle
Orthod, 1998, 68(6); 557-62.
75
8. Al-Khateeb S, Al Maaitah EF, Alhaija ESA. Mandibular Symphysis Morphology
and Dimensions in Different Anteroposterior Jaw Relationships. Angle Orthod,
2014; 84: 304-9.
9. Gama A, Vedovello S, Filho MV. Evaluation of the Alveolar Process of
Mandibular Incisor in Class I, II, and III Individuals with Different Facial
Patterns. UNOPAR Cient Ciênc Biol Saûde, 2012; 14(2): 95-8.
10. Gracco A, Luca L, Bonhodgiorno MC. Computed Tomography Evaluation of
Mandibular Incisor Bony Support in Untreated Patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial
Orthop, 2010; 138: 179-87.
11. Arruda KEM, Neto JV, Almeida GA. Assessment of the Mandibular Symphysis
of Caucasian Brazilian Adults with Well-Balanced Faces and Normal Occlusion:
The Influence of Gender and Facial Type. Dental Press J Orthod, 2012; 17(3): 4050.
12. Aki T, Nanda RS, Crurrier F. Assessment of Symphysis Morphology as a
Predictor of the Direction of Mandibular Growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial
Orthop, 1994; 106: 60-9.
13. Garib DG, Yatabe MS, Ozawa TO. Alveolar Bone Morphology Under the
Perspective of the Computed Tomography: Defining the Biological Limits of
Tooth Movement. Dental Press J Orthod, 2010; 15(5): 192-205.
14. Profit WR. Diagnosa and Treatment Planning. Contemporary Orthodontics.
Mosby, St. Louis. 2007; 65-9.
76
15. Berlanga NM, Perez JL, Flores-Mir C. Lower Incisor Dentoalveolar
Compensation and Symphysis Dimensions Among Class I and III Malocclusion
Patients with Different Facial Vertical Skeletal Patterns. Angle Orthod, 2013; 83:
948-55.
16. Wehrbein H, Bauer W. Mandibular Incisors, Alveolar Bone, and Symphysis after
Orthodontic Treatment. A Retrospective Study. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop,
1996; 110: 239-46.
17. Uysal T, Yagci A, Ozer T. Mandibular Anterior Bony Support and Incisor
Crowding : Is There a Relationship. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2012; 142:
645-53.
18. Yamada C, Kitai N, Kakimoto N. Spasial Relationship Between the Mandibular
Central Incisor and Associated Alveolar Bone in Adults with Mandibular
Prognathism. Angle Orthod, 2007; 77(5): 766-72.
19. Mangla R, Singh N, Padmanabhan P. Evaluation of Mandibular Morphology in
Different Facial Types. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry, 2011; 2(3): 200-7.
20. Baysal A, Ucar FI, Buyuk SK. Alveolar Bone Thickness and Lower Incisor
Position in Skeletal Class I and Class II Malocclusions Assessed with Cone-Beam
Computed Tomography. KJO, 2013; 43(3): 134-140.
21. Hassan R, Rahimah AK. Occlusion, Malocclusion and Method of MeasurementAn Archives of Orofacial Sciences. 2007; 2: 3-9.
22. Iyyer BS, Bhalajhi SI. Orthodontics the Art and Science. 3rd Ed, New Delhi: Arya
Medi, 2006: 51-113.
77
23. Spalteholz W. Atlas Anatomi Manuaia. Edisi 16, Jakarta: EGC, 1994: 329-31.
24. Hong YK. The Mandibular Incisor. Cephalometric Investigation of its Inclination
and Apex Position in Untreated Dentitions. Thesis. Department of Preventive
Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of Sidney, 1992: 1-16.
25. Handelman CS. The Anterior Alveolus: Its Importance in Limiting Orthodontic
Treatment and its Influence on the Occurance of Iatrogenic Sequelae. Angle
Orthod, 1996; 66(2): 95-110.
26. Bahu Gh dan Agha. Evaluation the Actual and Effective Symphysis to Detect the
Direction of Mandibular Rotation in Iraqi Sample (Cephalometric Study). Tikrit
Journal for Dental Sciences, 2013; 1: 54-60.
27. Vaden JL, Klontz HA. Radiographic Cephalometry in Tweed Analysis.
Quintessence Publishing Co. Chicago. 2006: 125-35.
28. Gutarman CN. A Critical Re-assessment of the Inclination of Lower Incisors.
Thesis. Klinik für Kieferorthopädie and Kinderzahnmedizin Universität Zürich.
2012;1-12.
29. Khan MA, Husein SS. The Association Between Lower Central Incisal
Inclination and Morphology of the Supporting Alveolar Bone-A Lateral
Cephalogram Study. Orthodontic Department, Karachi Medical and Dental
Collage. 35-9.
30. Meisen B, Allais D. Factors of Importance for the Development of Dehiscence
During Labial Movement of Mandibular Incisors : A Retrospective Study of
Adult Orthodontic Patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2005; 127: 552-61.
78
31. Ruf S, Hansen K, Pancherz H. Does Orthodontic Proclination of Lower Oncisors
in Children and Adolescents Cause Gingival Recession?. Am J Orthod Dentofac
Orthop, 1998; 114: 100-6.
32. Renkema A, Fudale P. Development of Labial Gingival Recessions in
Orthodontically Treated Patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2013; 143:
206-12.
33. Evangelista K, Vasconcelos F, Bumann Axel. Dehiscence and Fenestration in
Patients with Class I and Clas II Division 1 Malocclusion Asessed with Cone
Beam Computed Tomografi. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2010; 138: 133e1133e7.
34. Naini FB. Facial Aesthetics Concepts and Clinical Diagnosis. Wiley- BlackWell.
London. 2011: 304-10.
35. Yu Q, Pan XG, Ji GP. The Association Between Lower Incisal Inclination and
Morphology of the Supporting Alveolar Bone-A Cone Beam CT Study. In J Oral
Sci, 2009; 1(4): 217-223.
36. Garlock DT. An Evaluation of Marginal Alveolar Bone in the Anterior Mandible
Using Pre and Post Treatment Computed Tomography in Case Treated NonExtraction. Thesis. Faculty of Dentistry St. Louis University, 2012: 1-20.
37. Wahyuni AS. Statistika Kedokteran.Bamboedoea Communication. 35-45, 51-67.
38. Susanto C. Need dan Demand serta Akibat dari Maloklusi pada Siswa SMU
Negeri 1 Binjai (Skripsi). Medan; Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Sumatera
Utara: 2001.
79
39. Little RM. The Irregularity Index: A Quantitative Score of Mandibular Anterior
Alignment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 1975; 68(5): 554-63.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1. Sakrani H, Hussein S, Ansari O. Prevalence of Malocclusion in Patients
Reporting in an Orthodontic OPD of a Teritary Care Hospital. Department of
Orthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan. 2008:
80-5.
2. Jacobson A. Radiographic Cephalometry in Steiner Analysis. Quintessence
Publishing Co. Chicago. 2006: 71-8.
3. Singh G. Text Book of Orthodontics. 2nd Ed, New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers
Medical Publisher, 2007: 130-4.
4. Rakosi T. An Atlas and Manual of Cephalometric Radiography, London: Wolf
Medical Publications Ltd, 1982: 7-8, 34-45,65,78-89.
5. Wahab R, Idris H, Yacob H. Cephalometric and Malocclusion Analysis of
Kadazan Dusun Ethnic Orthodontic Patients. Sains Malaysiana, 2013; 42(1): 2532.
6. Enoki C, Telles C, Matsumoto M. Dental-Skeletal Dimensions in Growing
Individuals with Variations in the Lower Facial Height. Braz Dent J, 2004;
15(1):68-74.
7. Tsunori M, Mashita M, Kasai K. Relationship Between Facial Types and Tooth
and Bone Charactiristics of the Mandible Obtained by CT Scanning. Angle
Orthod, 1998, 68(6); 557-62.
75
8. Al-Khateeb S, Al Maaitah EF, Alhaija ESA. Mandibular Symphysis Morphology
and Dimensions in Different Anteroposterior Jaw Relationships. Angle Orthod,
2014; 84: 304-9.
9. Gama A, Vedovello S, Filho MV. Evaluation of the Alveolar Process of
Mandibular Incisor in Class I, II, and III Individuals with Different Facial
Patterns. UNOPAR Cient Ciênc Biol Saûde, 2012; 14(2): 95-8.
10. Gracco A, Luca L, Bonhodgiorno MC. Computed Tomography Evaluation of
Mandibular Incisor Bony Support in Untreated Patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial
Orthop, 2010; 138: 179-87.
11. Arruda KEM, Neto JV, Almeida GA. Assessment of the Mandibular Symphysis
of Caucasian Brazilian Adults with Well-Balanced Faces and Normal Occlusion:
The Influence of Gender and Facial Type. Dental Press J Orthod, 2012; 17(3): 4050.
12. Aki T, Nanda RS, Crurrier F. Assessment of Symphysis Morphology as a
Predictor of the Direction of Mandibular Growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial
Orthop, 1994; 106: 60-9.
13. Garib DG, Yatabe MS, Ozawa TO. Alveolar Bone Morphology Under the
Perspective of the Computed Tomography: Defining the Biological Limits of
Tooth Movement. Dental Press J Orthod, 2010; 15(5): 192-205.
14. Profit WR. Diagnosa and Treatment Planning. Contemporary Orthodontics.
Mosby, St. Louis. 2007; 65-9.
76
15. Berlanga NM, Perez JL, Flores-Mir C. Lower Incisor Dentoalveolar
Compensation and Symphysis Dimensions Among Class I and III Malocclusion
Patients with Different Facial Vertical Skeletal Patterns. Angle Orthod, 2013; 83:
948-55.
16. Wehrbein H, Bauer W. Mandibular Incisors, Alveolar Bone, and Symphysis after
Orthodontic Treatment. A Retrospective Study. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop,
1996; 110: 239-46.
17. Uysal T, Yagci A, Ozer T. Mandibular Anterior Bony Support and Incisor
Crowding : Is There a Relationship. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2012; 142:
645-53.
18. Yamada C, Kitai N, Kakimoto N. Spasial Relationship Between the Mandibular
Central Incisor and Associated Alveolar Bone in Adults with Mandibular
Prognathism. Angle Orthod, 2007; 77(5): 766-72.
19. Mangla R, Singh N, Padmanabhan P. Evaluation of Mandibular Morphology in
Different Facial Types. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry, 2011; 2(3): 200-7.
20. Baysal A, Ucar FI, Buyuk SK. Alveolar Bone Thickness and Lower Incisor
Position in Skeletal Class I and Class II Malocclusions Assessed with Cone-Beam
Computed Tomography. KJO, 2013; 43(3): 134-140.
21. Hassan R, Rahimah AK. Occlusion, Malocclusion and Method of MeasurementAn Archives of Orofacial Sciences. 2007; 2: 3-9.
22. Iyyer BS, Bhalajhi SI. Orthodontics the Art and Science. 3rd Ed, New Delhi: Arya
Medi, 2006: 51-113.
77
23. Spalteholz W. Atlas Anatomi Manuaia. Edisi 16, Jakarta: EGC, 1994: 329-31.
24. Hong YK. The Mandibular Incisor. Cephalometric Investigation of its Inclination
and Apex Position in Untreated Dentitions. Thesis. Department of Preventive
Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of Sidney, 1992: 1-16.
25. Handelman CS. The Anterior Alveolus: Its Importance in Limiting Orthodontic
Treatment and its Influence on the Occurance of Iatrogenic Sequelae. Angle
Orthod, 1996; 66(2): 95-110.
26. Bahu Gh dan Agha. Evaluation the Actual and Effective Symphysis to Detect the
Direction of Mandibular Rotation in Iraqi Sample (Cephalometric Study). Tikrit
Journal for Dental Sciences, 2013; 1: 54-60.
27. Vaden JL, Klontz HA. Radiographic Cephalometry in Tweed Analysis.
Quintessence Publishing Co. Chicago. 2006: 125-35.
28. Gutarman CN. A Critical Re-assessment of the Inclination of Lower Incisors.
Thesis. Klinik für Kieferorthopädie and Kinderzahnmedizin Universität Zürich.
2012;1-12.
29. Khan MA, Husein SS. The Association Between Lower Central Incisal
Inclination and Morphology of the Supporting Alveolar Bone-A Lateral
Cephalogram Study. Orthodontic Department, Karachi Medical and Dental
Collage. 35-9.
30. Meisen B, Allais D. Factors of Importance for the Development of Dehiscence
During Labial Movement of Mandibular Incisors : A Retrospective Study of
Adult Orthodontic Patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2005; 127: 552-61.
78
31. Ruf S, Hansen K, Pancherz H. Does Orthodontic Proclination of Lower Oncisors
in Children and Adolescents Cause Gingival Recession?. Am J Orthod Dentofac
Orthop, 1998; 114: 100-6.
32. Renkema A, Fudale P. Development of Labial Gingival Recessions in
Orthodontically Treated Patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2013; 143:
206-12.
33. Evangelista K, Vasconcelos F, Bumann Axel. Dehiscence and Fenestration in
Patients with Class I and Clas II Division 1 Malocclusion Asessed with Cone
Beam Computed Tomografi. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2010; 138: 133e1133e7.
34. Naini FB. Facial Aesthetics Concepts and Clinical Diagnosis. Wiley- BlackWell.
London. 2011: 304-10.
35. Yu Q, Pan XG, Ji GP. The Association Between Lower Incisal Inclination and
Morphology of the Supporting Alveolar Bone-A Cone Beam CT Study. In J Oral
Sci, 2009; 1(4): 217-223.
36. Garlock DT. An Evaluation of Marginal Alveolar Bone in the Anterior Mandible
Using Pre and Post Treatment Computed Tomography in Case Treated NonExtraction. Thesis. Faculty of Dentistry St. Louis University, 2012: 1-20.
37. Wahyuni AS. Statistika Kedokteran.Bamboedoea Communication. 35-45, 51-67.
38. Susanto C. Need dan Demand serta Akibat dari Maloklusi pada Siswa SMU
Negeri 1 Binjai (Skripsi). Medan; Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Sumatera
Utara: 2001.
79
39. Little RM. The Irregularity Index: A Quantitative Score of Mandibular Anterior
Alignment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 1975; 68(5): 554-63.