38. Accountability and Transparancy of Public Fund
1/28/2012
Bagian pertama
Bagian pertama
ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARANCY
OF PUBLIC FUND
Gustaaf A. Lumiu
WHAT IS ACCOUNTING OF
PUBLIC FUND?
1
1/28/2012
Accounting of Public Fund: The
accounting mechanism and technical
analysis applied to the management of
public funds.
Public fund of funds owned by the
Public
fund of funds owned by the
community not individual which is usually
managed by public sector organizations, as
well as cooperation projects on public and
private sectors.
2
1/28/2012
In Indonesia, public sector accounting can be
defined: "...accounting mechanisms and
analysis techniques applied to the
analysis techniques applied to the
management of public funds in a high state
institutions and departments under it, local
governments, state enterprises, enterprises,
NGOs and social foundations, as well as in
project‐joint project of public and private
f bl
d
sectors ".
DIFFERENCES OF PUBLIC FINANCE
AND PRIVATE FINANCE
3
1/28/2012
•Adjustment of Income and expenditure.
An individual usually adjusts his
expenditure to his income.
But the public authority generally
adjusts its income to its expenditure
adjusts its income to its expenditure
Unit of time. The public authority
balances its budget during a given period
which is generally a year.
For an individual, there is no period of
time in the course of which the budget
time in the course of which the budget
must be balanced
4
1/28/2012
An Individual cannot borrow from himself
An Individual cannot borrow from himself
The public authority, on the other hand,can
borrow internally from its own people and
externally from other nations.
Surplus budgeting. For an individual, excess
of income over expenditure or surplus
p
p
budgeting is considered to be a virtue.
Public authority it is not as such, it is
expected from the government that
it should raise only as much revenue
it should raise only as much revenue
as it needs during a calendar year
.
5
1/28/2012
WHAT IS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT?
Financial management (FM) refers to the
budgeting, accounting, internal control,
funds flow, financial reporting, and
auditing arrangements by which they
receive funds, allocate them, and record
their use.
their use.
6
1/28/2012
Good FM is important to a country’s
G d FM i i
t tt
t ’
development because it gives assurance
to citizens that their taxes are being
used appropriately,
To donors and lenders that the funds they
To
donors and lenders that the funds they
provide are being used appropriately and to
the private sector that there is an appropriate
environment for investment and growth.
7
1/28/2012
PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT AND
SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY
•participatory planning
p
p
yp
g
•participatory budget formulation
•participatory budget review and analysis
•participatory expenditure tracking
•and participatory performance monitoring
8
1/28/2012
PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
Models and tools related to public finance
management at the macro and micro level
It includes operational
frameworks, guidebooks, manuals, handbooks,
guidelines, checklists, software programs, field
guides, and guide notes, among others,
That are specifically developed, designed and
That
are specifically developed, designed and
used for aiding, demonstrating, and
implementing the steps of public finance
management as seen from a social
accountability perspective
9
1/28/2012
TERIMA KASIH
10
Bagian pertama
Bagian pertama
ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARANCY
OF PUBLIC FUND
Gustaaf A. Lumiu
WHAT IS ACCOUNTING OF
PUBLIC FUND?
1
1/28/2012
Accounting of Public Fund: The
accounting mechanism and technical
analysis applied to the management of
public funds.
Public fund of funds owned by the
Public
fund of funds owned by the
community not individual which is usually
managed by public sector organizations, as
well as cooperation projects on public and
private sectors.
2
1/28/2012
In Indonesia, public sector accounting can be
defined: "...accounting mechanisms and
analysis techniques applied to the
analysis techniques applied to the
management of public funds in a high state
institutions and departments under it, local
governments, state enterprises, enterprises,
NGOs and social foundations, as well as in
project‐joint project of public and private
f bl
d
sectors ".
DIFFERENCES OF PUBLIC FINANCE
AND PRIVATE FINANCE
3
1/28/2012
•Adjustment of Income and expenditure.
An individual usually adjusts his
expenditure to his income.
But the public authority generally
adjusts its income to its expenditure
adjusts its income to its expenditure
Unit of time. The public authority
balances its budget during a given period
which is generally a year.
For an individual, there is no period of
time in the course of which the budget
time in the course of which the budget
must be balanced
4
1/28/2012
An Individual cannot borrow from himself
An Individual cannot borrow from himself
The public authority, on the other hand,can
borrow internally from its own people and
externally from other nations.
Surplus budgeting. For an individual, excess
of income over expenditure or surplus
p
p
budgeting is considered to be a virtue.
Public authority it is not as such, it is
expected from the government that
it should raise only as much revenue
it should raise only as much revenue
as it needs during a calendar year
.
5
1/28/2012
WHAT IS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT?
Financial management (FM) refers to the
budgeting, accounting, internal control,
funds flow, financial reporting, and
auditing arrangements by which they
receive funds, allocate them, and record
their use.
their use.
6
1/28/2012
Good FM is important to a country’s
G d FM i i
t tt
t ’
development because it gives assurance
to citizens that their taxes are being
used appropriately,
To donors and lenders that the funds they
To
donors and lenders that the funds they
provide are being used appropriately and to
the private sector that there is an appropriate
environment for investment and growth.
7
1/28/2012
PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT AND
SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY
•participatory planning
p
p
yp
g
•participatory budget formulation
•participatory budget review and analysis
•participatory expenditure tracking
•and participatory performance monitoring
8
1/28/2012
PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
Models and tools related to public finance
management at the macro and micro level
It includes operational
frameworks, guidebooks, manuals, handbooks,
guidelines, checklists, software programs, field
guides, and guide notes, among others,
That are specifically developed, designed and
That
are specifically developed, designed and
used for aiding, demonstrating, and
implementing the steps of public finance
management as seen from a social
accountability perspective
9
1/28/2012
TERIMA KASIH
10