S ING 1100179 Table of content

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE OF APPROVAL ......................................................................................

i

STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION .............................................................

ii

PREFACE ...........................................................................................................

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................

iv

ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................

vii

LIST OF TABLES ..............................................................................................

x

LIST OF CHARTS .............................................................................................

xii

LIST OF FIGURE ...............................................................................................

xiii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION......................................................................

1

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8

Background of the Study ....................................................................
Research Question ..............................................................................
Purpose of the Study ...........................................................................
Scope of the Study ..............................................................................
Significance of the Study....................................................................
Clarification of Terms ........................................................................
Organization of the Paper ...................................................................
Concluding Remark ............................................................................

1

3
3
3
4
4
5
5

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................

7

2.1 Cooperative Learning .........................................................................
2.1.1 Definition ................................................................................
2.1.2 Basic Elements of Cooperative Learning ..............................
2.1.3 Benefits of Cooperative Learning Method .............................
2.2 Writing ................................................................................................
2.2.1 Definition ................................................................................
2.2.2 Steps of Teaching Writing ......................................................
2.3 Written Text........................................................................................

2.3.1 Definition ................................................................................
2.3.2 Written Text Assessment ........................................................

7
7
8
10
10
10
11
12
12
12

vii
Anne Denti Agrian, 2015
EXPLORING COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD AS THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’
WRITING SKILL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

2.4 Integrating the Process of Writing and Cooperative Learning Method 15
2.5 Relevant Research .............................................................................. 17
2.6 Concluding Remark ............................................................................ 18
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..........................................

19

3.1 Research Design .................................................................................
3.1.1 Variables .................................................................................
3.2 Research Hypotheses ..........................................................................
3.3 Population and Sample .......................................................................
3.4 Data Collection ...................................................................................
3.4.1 Research Location ..................................................................
3.4.2 Instrument and Material ..........................................................
3.5 Research Procedure ............................................................................
3.5.1 Designing Lesson Plan ...........................................................
3.5.2 Organizing the Research Instruments .....................................
3.5.3 Administering the Pilot Test ...................................................
3.5.4 Administering the Pre-test ......................................................
3.5.5 Teaching and Learning Process ..............................................

3.5.6 Posttest ....................................................................................
3.5.7 Conducting Questionnaire ......................................................
3.6 Data Analysis ......................................................................................
3.6.1 Scoring Technique ..................................................................
3.6.2 Pilot Data Analysis .................................................................
3.6.3 Pre-test and Post-test Data Analysis .......................................
3.6.3.1 Normality Distribution .........................................................
3.6.3.2 Independent t-test .................................................................
3.6.3.3 Dependent t-test ....................................................................
3.6.3.4 Effect Size ............................................................................
3.6.4 Questionnaire Data Analysis ..................................................
3.7 Concluding Remark ............................................................................

19
20
20
20
21
21
21

22
22
22
22
23
23
25
25
26
26
28
29
29
30
30
31
32
32

CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ............................................

33

4.1 Finding and Discussion of Pilot Test..................................................
4.1.1 Pre-test and Post-test ..............................................................
4.1.2 Questionnaire ..........................................................................
4.1.2.1 Validity Test ...........................................................................
4.1.2.2 Reliability Test........................................................................
4.2 Pretest Analysis ..................................................................................
4.2.1 Normality Distribution Test ....................................................

33
33
34
34
35
36
36

viii

Anne Denti Agrian, 2015
EXPLORING COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD AS THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’
WRITING SKILL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

4.2.2 Independent T-Test on Pretest Scores ....................................
Posttest Analysis .................................................................................
4.3.1 Normality Distribution Test ...................................................
4.3.2 Independent T-Test on Posttest Scores ...................................
Dependent T-Test on Pretest and Posttest Scores ..............................
The Calculation of Effect Size............................................................
Finding and Discussion from Questionnaire ......................................
4.6.1 Positive Interdependence ........................................................
4.6.2 Face-to-face Promotive Interaction ........................................
4.6.3 Individual Accountability .......................................................
4.6.4 Interpersonal and Small Group Skills.....................................
4.6.5 Group Processing....................................................................
Concluding Remark ............................................................................

37

39
39
40
41
44
44
45
49
51
53
55
58

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ....................................

59

5.1 Conclusion ..........................................................................................
5.2 Suggestion ..........................................................................................

59
60

REFERENCES ..................................................................................................

62

APPENDICES ...................................................................................................

65

4.3

4.4
4.5
4.6

4.7

ix
Anne Denti Agrian, 2015
EXPLORING COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD AS THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’
WRITING SKILL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1

Basic Elements of Cooperative Leraning by Johnson, Johnson
and Holubec (1991) ........................................................................ 8

Table 2.2

Writing Assessment Rubric ............................................................

13

Table 3.1

Quasi Experimental Design ............................................................

19

Table 3.2

Schedule of Teaching and Learning Activity .................................

23

Table 3.3

The Criteria and Technique of Scoring ..........................................

27

Table 3.4

The Scale of Effect Size .................................................................

32

Table 4.1

Item-Total Statistics .......................................................................

34

Table 4.2

Case Processing Summary .............................................................

36

Table 4.3

Reliability Statistics ........................................................................

36

Table 4.4

Frequencies .....................................................................................

37

Table 4.5

Test Statisticsa.................................................................................

37

Table 4.6

Group Statistics ..............................................................................

38

Table 4.7

Independent Sample Test ...............................................................

38

Table 4.8

Test of Normality ...........................................................................

39

Table 4.9

Group Statistics ..............................................................................

40

Table 4.10 Independent Sample Test ...............................................................

41

Table 4.11 Paired Samples Statistics ................................................................

42

Table 4.12 Paired Samples Correlations ..........................................................

42

Table 4.13 Paired Samples Test .......................................................................

42

Table 4.14 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 1 ..............

45

Table 4.15 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 2 ..............

46

Table 4.16 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 3 ..............

46

Table 4.17 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 4 ..............

47

Table 4.18 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 5 ..............

47

Table 4.19 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 6 ..............

49

x
Anne Denti Agrian, 2015
EXPLORING COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD AS THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’
WRITING SKILL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

Table 4.20 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 7 ..............

49

Table 4.21 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 8 ..............

50

Table 4.22 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 9 ..............

52

Table 4.23 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 10 ............

53

Table 4.24 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 11 ............

53

Table 4.25 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 12 ............

55

Table 4.26 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 13 ............

55

Table 4.27 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 14 ............

56

Table 4.28 Frequencies of students’ response on question number 15 ............

57

xi
Anne Denti Agrian, 2015
EXPLORING COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD AS THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’
WRITING SKILL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF CHARTS

Chart 4.1

Data percentage of question number 1 ...........................................

45

Chart 4.2

Data percentage of question number 2 ...........................................

46

Chart 4.3

Data percentage of question number 3 ...........................................

46

Chart 4.4

Data percentage of question number 4 ...........................................

47

Chart 4.5

Data percentage of question number 5 ...........................................

47

Chart 4.6

Data percentage of question number 6 ...........................................

49

Chart 4.7

Data percentage of question number 7 ...........................................

50

Chart 4.8

Data percentage of question number 8 ...........................................

50

Chart 4.9

Data percentage of question number 9 ...........................................

52

Chart 4.10 Data percentage of question number 10 .........................................

53

Chart 4.11 Data percentage of question number 11 .........................................

54

Chart 4.12 Data percentage of question number 12 .........................................

55

Chart 4.13 Data percentage of question number 13 .........................................

56

Chart 4.14 Data percentage of question number 14 .........................................

56

Chart 4.15 Data percentage of question number 15 .........................................

57

xii
Anne Denti Agrian, 2015
EXPLORING COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD AS THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’
WRITING SKILL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 2.1

The relationship between cooperative learning method and the
process of writing toward writing product .....................................

16

xiii
Anne Denti Agrian, 2015
EXPLORING COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD AS THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’
WRITING SKILL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu