AN ANALYSIS OF CONNOTATIVE MEANING OF KEYWORD IN THE SCRIPT OF BARRACK OBAMA'S RACE SPEECH.
AN ANAI,YSIS OF CONNOTATIW I!'LANING
OF Ki}1VORD IN TIIE SCRIPI OI B.{RRACK OBA]'IIA'S RACE SPEECTT
Alh6is
S ubnilerl
id Panial Ft
lJiln.nt
to
t|. R.quirctunt
Fo, Saima S61d Deq,.e
By
RESTI'ASTRIANI
0i935009
ENGLISIT DE?ART'TENI
IlACULIII OI LETTERS
-ANDAI-AS UMIERSI'TY
ABSlf,AX
Dxld sknpsi ini dib,na. dtds tata (uci (*4eor.') yos rerdat:t Pada Fidaro
Bmck Obama ybg berken@ dc.gd 16. Kcll kunci memiliki b!lrM_b3's{r }atu
t nruk piliFn m,upm akivirT, Dembdgkirkm tnmgot. ncnciDdkln
allu nenjuigrn Mliid peidatal/kepe(ate unm, nemp€4aruni .niosio.al
nencindilasikd sutu
pembaca/pendensa'dr nenpun)ai li.laensi hemlDculd ymg cuhrp dtg€l
TUue F€Dulis skipsi ini idllan utuk nen8idcntifitdi F.w p*n Rtrnck Obmd
tis}liap lila kurci
)dg dimpaitd mehlui m,Ina tonoratif (.o,,,/,r,rs zs,nr",g) dri\Ma
(yzi.ridr i,
lntisn ini dilatulm o"l.lui linjam iLnu penrdm dald suatu
ole[
R
Frond william(
,i.r!6s). Seldjubta Fnelitim ini nengguale teod kara luci
m ktlr kunci dm
(1981) da leon mrrna konol:tilol.h Roled Barthes (1975) Hnbug
l vdnq
(J€,ircation
K^^
ard{)
sigiifit6i
md{na konotaril dijab.rtM Delalui
^tn
'anapm
ada djlajtke dengm bnltr Gis,) i-dg rerilat dengd konicts shinega d.{Er diket4hui pcsd
dtui Beack Obui ros diiderDreBikd oehlui du ialEpd sielitk3si ]ttu sis'ifihisi
denotalilda siglillBi koDobrii
Penclitid membrhikm ban{a Bara.k obma neneglnale bctodc penard's
tonobdldalm ncnydpokd pes, notivasi d.n pbddeamva Sciia9 l:1: kuci mcmliki
.-4e". ..1 b Bolon""_ m., hJ L lali p ib mLpb
, p o.e . r " emt
Lri rbcqma. rDolar {l.d n\c. d,L Jd lr dm Ji l'r' . '
CIIA.PTER
1
INTRODUCTION
r.l Da.rq.odd
or drc SludY
Languee i5 d srslem
ol
signs lha,
exp6*s idat dd h $eFoG
.o6p6ble to a slsred ol Miri.g, $o alpbdtt ol d.il-oDres srnbolic
tolire
fomllc, milirart si8Ieh, d.. hit
ir ir th. mon inpotur of all
rires,
rice
s)llBms {Saussure in Ddesi, 2004:8) All p&plc hare lan3usc; ir.an b.
ldgur8e, wrinen ldguaee or bql] lang!a!.. Ldsunle
sounds
sd
gesture rhtt have
One ol lhc ways to
wor&
thar are callcd
overin
therexlMd
h3vD
r mdni.g {Cbsdler,
crucidl lo lhe lEme
*veEl le)*ordi Keylods
2002:2)
m *ods *hich
s
lopic
Eedh co.cds
tit
may
arc mos otun Lrords *hich represnt an
on how lan8Eee is
our $e mtuings ol .ach ke)1vords. To
gNd appoach dcak wih lnis kind of
seniotics is
.ver.rd
aE u*d
und.Idisu$ion A
ess.rliil or basic co.c.pt or rhc ler.l 4d $ey ue
This
imaEcc
*pEss rhc idca is bl spceh Commoily, sp€ah ha
kewords. Kclaeords
e
co bt qods
.al
Nd
often lhemdic (LaMn,
in lom of
wl)ze i! snioiics
dN|lrlfue!
sF(h ad
6nd
is consideEbly a
The basic defrlirjon or
1he srddy
oasi$5. Th. mod doDinet coiEDpoBrj modelsolrvhat
k
rhal pop.sed by a sans I'guist Fedinaid de saussu.e.
conniturer of si8!
Sau$lre fgucd rhar 'nolhina k morc appmPiare rhin $e study ol lmg/ages to
bnns oul rhe natuE ofthe $mioloEi€l probl.m (Sn6s@,
seniorics
dF*
heavily on lincrrhtics corc.!6.
i! Chmdler.2002J)
pdly becaus of
Szu$r\
infltrcnc.. and
de
nudyolothersien
b6:use liDsrisiics is mo'e esbblishen di{iplinc rhm dE
rftds.
Satrsuto toleded to language
olall otlne synen olsiSs (Sausure. in
semiorics
as itE mon
Chandler, 2002:t),
inrolrs $e sdv nd oilv or ebar
*c rfs b ar'sig6
€ver,day spec.\ bur of M)U1tlS which ttand fo.' soneifiing
sns,
signs hke rhe
ifrPotul'
el+ ln i
.:fridi
lbft ol *o s, imases, sounds, sesr€ dd
(Chmdle., 2002:l). Semidrics an be rpplicd to anlhin8 Bhich
si8niljing sohdhiig Sedslics :Dtllsh
cu lho
including rdLlni.n. r.nmns, n.*sp.pcr
sd
be appligl
cu
in
b€
obje-ls
H 6
b i'edd 1*r
naSaines 3nicle, posler! trlxq
nusic, phorogipht 4d Pdinling.
doely asmi.rcd qi$ cultucl
Semiolics is nos
rvdLe$blishcd *ilnin
the
mriidNan hdnion
content anallsis inrol'cs a
'contedt of fr.nia
F{!
qletibrivc
semiolics
cdtat an lsn
is
olseinl$i. € Esch. \\hrt
oppDach to
*c|l b
srudies,
the.ndlt3is of
3ml}ze m€did
ii. smiLn
res 6
$rucnn:d
*holss Md in\digrtF lareni, connobiive mebin8s (Cirodla. 2005:6).
Connokliv€ m@iog
nor ro slretch'
ruge of meanine. lh* cotcems
rhe
t
chniques by
engendered in
'evcri&v'
criticieh a psdcupation eirh
rhich lireErr lMEU.gc loris, ud a conljm ro sp€cif:i ald
dilreEnriaE the* 6!m ihe modes
In m$t
lanBlag. b.vond iis nomal
trrl'
IheE
till
bt
ol odimrt'
lanEuage
some kc!.vords
G.do.
$hich will acqutc slnboln
vrlue. Thcy come ro c&ry ligrdtive or netapharical m€ninA
neaningolrhc Ford. For exuPle:
d Reis bl
s
well
as rhe
Lasic
By hjs ddn on lne .os, Chrin defoyed 6e cmity, by ncans ol $c crois h.
ad b.ought $em b3ck b Gol. Hs dic'l on rhe
lnnen h{Lb rues inro onc
crN ro put d end to L\e hated dd bnng us borh bac* b God 6 one peoplc,
dy
cwple
frcm lne
ab.vc, lne
*ord
closs' Rle610 w..dcn cro$
4.d
crucifi\ionduingtheiimeoltLe RomanEmpn.- Howe'.'er. for chii$io, it
lor
has a
slmb.lic mtring b€yond rhc basionBeing Synboliolly, it mcans dearh md
\uff.nig (tnon, l93a:l8l)
Bsd
on
lno*
B3l*k Obdat
fa.rs. this ftsarch is conduc&d to find out rh. kcyrords
€ce spccch
od relrte
each
kojeords
b
of
comohtivc meaning
on*mioric poiir viev. Byconsidering rhisphenonenq llar itiswonhvto sbdv
'I(le"o'd-o 'le BrrtObas a p.T-br"m'igt' r p'^pr''iv" ii
ordtr
ro
disdrle
Ll idhtifi utiotr
-l]]ir
df tbc
lroblrB
Estrrch is lEused on t*o main probl.ns Thcy
l. Wl.t
2.
it
rhe rcal meenings behind
$t
e
tn3 rypes oi
m6
follorvingl
kelvd.ds lound in A.rack Obana\ nce sp€ech?
connobtiv. meaning
cs
b€ derived
6on 6e
key {ords
ol
Bmck Obma\trespc-h2
Tii5
lgch
k D attmpl
in *riden rert of Bnock
kerlord found in $ccch
ro stody keFvord
Ob€ma
dd i3
connobtivd hedning
s Fce spe€h ln do;na $is tes.arch, thc
and {he Prccess
ofitlentiryios thc otuoGivD mcming
of lnde key sords de dcscnb€d Mor6!er, this rhesis helP $c rcndod
uderldd
$e meaning ol
a
tet
to
motu lbJougl its kela\_ords, b€cause knowhdge
ol s n; .inpoturropem Iu' b untletud !h_ r*d
aoprobn;e'v
CIIAPTER,I
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
evert
rexr
will h.ve cerlai! keyavods, whethgr in
rhe
of1h.l.n,
phrasq *hich are ctucial to lhe unde6lrnding ol the baic coF.pl
dclancq
$e
sod
c
in.Ae, rhc word has po*er or spirit
dre
*onl
that
Kewo.d h6 sev.ml c.ireria such
be build a positive or negative
un
credte rhe
rnd rhe word
6
hiqh fFquency df
inplicn naninS, ihe wod lhat ehpo{ed ptoplc
cd cret
anolher sbdy like
!r
lom olRord
or tum out people\ bclict It aho
tusltio.. dd
il ako ca.
Io do 5melning.
tu
be applied in
b€ used for analyzing
$a
{tle lnd
Luer'j.od\qrt.qqlF.nboi.\3 c r\.,. ornour\,c",
Coniotdive ncrning
h
eeneElly unsrable. h varies considerabll a.coilL.g to
such Ii.rors such as culture, hislori.sl p.riod,
expenence oa the
sF€lei
Th€
sinildty
Triner d.ulru?lEile"c hrt:.
orre
sial :la* and dE e.deEl lil.
benveen
'inE
hctr
key*d,n Md
sorh,!'.
Havi4 an.ltzed the pEvious dal4 ir is concluded $or
Bamck Obma u$d rhe sign
stslm
ii
hk s!€eh,
io convey lbc intended n,es@es views
norivalions in thc comohlile fom ol keyyods. as
intended
conDotlrive
mcss!6 rold aboul the spnl to hale
I
loqd 6oh
di€ da6.
dd
hk
perfecl unior spinr to figfir
aeains thc .Jcial discih;naiion. rhc ptul.sr for moratiry and hrmoi!,, and de
bclicr in Cod, Clristirlity
ed
rhe
hlh
48
BIBLIOGRAPIIY
&ines, Rolud.
Pe1n
{1975).
,l4rl loda! ln: L!cv.N. editor. I995.
\l ,o.r \e'
'a
Dours. Jin. (20119) Obat@ Marer
201
Socnd Scmiorics
A tica Berotu1f.rz7
o.rron hq://M.scdbd.coitdet?81
Resi€ved lcbruary t4,
I 76/Obma Moles Am€nuu
Beyond-Racial#sbts
Brc*n, Gillim Md Gerge Yule ( 1983).
Cmbndge Uniredity Pr€ss
Burchcr,
Mdgmt JEr (\956).
Chandler, Ddiel. (?002)
The
I)'rc,dr,,,ltutr^ Cdlndse:
N?Fa
j Antican Ctrue. N€R York: Al&cd
S.r,ort.rr fte ds,.s London: Rornledsc
Chedrer, Ddier 1.2c05) Seniotic lol Beginnlrs. Retrieved Mdch 22, 2009,
rom hlll//*lrvltd .c.u]./hcdid/s,lB/ Quoted at ! 9/l ? 2007.
Cobl€y,
laul ud l-ita Jbe.
(1999). lntroducinq sehiatics. Cdbndge:Totem
(rmr) nE,ltuticdh dreah: a sho historr afan idea that
,drt n Oslodunivedity Prcs US.
Cullen. Jim
Fairclorgh,
Nomo
(200 I ).
,vd t,rar,
,V,B
shaped a
lz,Szdsa London: Rourlcdsc.
Adm G, eI d\. (2003) The Reappropriation aI SriC atizihg Labeb:
lnplicdi.$ lor Social ldentity Reliieved Ap.il 4 2009. liom
Gallinsky,
http://*$e.psych.nonnwestem.edrtpsych/peopldf&ulty,/bodennausdreapp.
HalD. St€veL
(20119).
ne Por?rol wa/l^ ofsl@ery ana Fteedon.
HNard Univediry Pres.
Hawkcs, Tercn.e. {2001).
Jhcru,/dn d,/ Se,i,rtcr.
Londo.: RoutledCc.
Homby,A.s (r93r). atrbldgudsnt s Dictiohary af,4herican Enelilh
Oxford: O\fod Univcnitv Pres.
OF Ki}1VORD IN TIIE SCRIPI OI B.{RRACK OBA]'IIA'S RACE SPEECTT
Alh6is
S ubnilerl
id Panial Ft
lJiln.nt
to
t|. R.quirctunt
Fo, Saima S61d Deq,.e
By
RESTI'ASTRIANI
0i935009
ENGLISIT DE?ART'TENI
IlACULIII OI LETTERS
-ANDAI-AS UMIERSI'TY
ABSlf,AX
Dxld sknpsi ini dib,na. dtds tata (uci (*4eor.') yos rerdat:t Pada Fidaro
Bmck Obama ybg berken@ dc.gd 16. Kcll kunci memiliki b!lrM_b3's{r }atu
t nruk piliFn m,upm akivirT, Dembdgkirkm tnmgot. ncnciDdkln
allu nenjuigrn Mliid peidatal/kepe(ate unm, nemp€4aruni .niosio.al
nencindilasikd sutu
pembaca/pendensa'dr nenpun)ai li.laensi hemlDculd ymg cuhrp dtg€l
TUue F€Dulis skipsi ini idllan utuk nen8idcntifitdi F.w p*n Rtrnck Obmd
tis}liap lila kurci
)dg dimpaitd mehlui m,Ina tonoratif (.o,,,/,r,rs zs,nr",g) dri\Ma
(yzi.ridr i,
lntisn ini dilatulm o"l.lui linjam iLnu penrdm dald suatu
ole[
R
Frond william(
,i.r!6s). Seldjubta Fnelitim ini nengguale teod kara luci
m ktlr kunci dm
(1981) da leon mrrna konol:tilol.h Roled Barthes (1975) Hnbug
l vdnq
(J€,ircation
K^^
ard{)
sigiifit6i
md{na konotaril dijab.rtM Delalui
^tn
'anapm
ada djlajtke dengm bnltr Gis,) i-dg rerilat dengd konicts shinega d.{Er diket4hui pcsd
dtui Beack Obui ros diiderDreBikd oehlui du ialEpd sielitk3si ]ttu sis'ifihisi
denotalilda siglillBi koDobrii
Penclitid membrhikm ban{a Bara.k obma neneglnale bctodc penard's
tonobdldalm ncnydpokd pes, notivasi d.n pbddeamva Sciia9 l:1: kuci mcmliki
.-4e". ..1 b Bolon""_ m., hJ L lali p ib mLpb
, p o.e . r " emt
Lri rbcqma. rDolar {l.d n\c. d,L Jd lr dm Ji l'r' . '
CIIA.PTER
1
INTRODUCTION
r.l Da.rq.odd
or drc SludY
Languee i5 d srslem
ol
signs lha,
exp6*s idat dd h $eFoG
.o6p6ble to a slsred ol Miri.g, $o alpbdtt ol d.il-oDres srnbolic
tolire
fomllc, milirart si8Ieh, d.. hit
ir ir th. mon inpotur of all
rires,
rice
s)llBms {Saussure in Ddesi, 2004:8) All p&plc hare lan3usc; ir.an b.
ldgur8e, wrinen ldguaee or bql] lang!a!.. Ldsunle
sounds
sd
gesture rhtt have
One ol lhc ways to
wor&
thar are callcd
overin
therexlMd
h3vD
r mdni.g {Cbsdler,
crucidl lo lhe lEme
*veEl le)*ordi Keylods
2002:2)
m *ods *hich
s
lopic
Eedh co.cds
tit
may
arc mos otun Lrords *hich represnt an
on how lan8Eee is
our $e mtuings ol .ach ke)1vords. To
gNd appoach dcak wih lnis kind of
seniotics is
.ver.rd
aE u*d
und.Idisu$ion A
ess.rliil or basic co.c.pt or rhc ler.l 4d $ey ue
This
imaEcc
*pEss rhc idca is bl spceh Commoily, sp€ah ha
kewords. Kclaeords
e
co bt qods
.al
Nd
often lhemdic (LaMn,
in lom of
wl)ze i! snioiics
dN|lrlfue!
sF(h ad
6nd
is consideEbly a
The basic defrlirjon or
1he srddy
oasi$5. Th. mod doDinet coiEDpoBrj modelsolrvhat
k
rhal pop.sed by a sans I'guist Fedinaid de saussu.e.
conniturer of si8!
Sau$lre fgucd rhar 'nolhina k morc appmPiare rhin $e study ol lmg/ages to
bnns oul rhe natuE ofthe $mioloEi€l probl.m (Sn6s@,
seniorics
dF*
heavily on lincrrhtics corc.!6.
i! Chmdler.2002J)
pdly becaus of
Szu$r\
infltrcnc.. and
de
nudyolothersien
b6:use liDsrisiics is mo'e esbblishen di{iplinc rhm dE
rftds.
Satrsuto toleded to language
olall otlne synen olsiSs (Sausure. in
semiorics
as itE mon
Chandler, 2002:t),
inrolrs $e sdv nd oilv or ebar
*c rfs b ar'sig6
€ver,day spec.\ bur of M)U1tlS which ttand fo.' soneifiing
sns,
signs hke rhe
ifrPotul'
el+ ln i
.:fridi
lbft ol *o s, imases, sounds, sesr€ dd
(Chmdle., 2002:l). Semidrics an be rpplicd to anlhin8 Bhich
si8niljing sohdhiig Sedslics :Dtllsh
cu lho
including rdLlni.n. r.nmns, n.*sp.pcr
sd
be appligl
cu
in
b€
obje-ls
H 6
b i'edd 1*r
naSaines 3nicle, posler! trlxq
nusic, phorogipht 4d Pdinling.
doely asmi.rcd qi$ cultucl
Semiolics is nos
rvdLe$blishcd *ilnin
the
mriidNan hdnion
content anallsis inrol'cs a
'contedt of fr.nia
F{!
qletibrivc
semiolics
cdtat an lsn
is
olseinl$i. € Esch. \\hrt
oppDach to
*c|l b
srudies,
the.ndlt3is of
3ml}ze m€did
ii. smiLn
res 6
$rucnn:d
*holss Md in\digrtF lareni, connobiive mebin8s (Cirodla. 2005:6).
Connokliv€ m@iog
nor ro slretch'
ruge of meanine. lh* cotcems
rhe
t
chniques by
engendered in
'evcri&v'
criticieh a psdcupation eirh
rhich lireErr lMEU.gc loris, ud a conljm ro sp€cif:i ald
dilreEnriaE the* 6!m ihe modes
In m$t
lanBlag. b.vond iis nomal
trrl'
IheE
till
bt
ol odimrt'
lanEuage
some kc!.vords
G.do.
$hich will acqutc slnboln
vrlue. Thcy come ro c&ry ligrdtive or netapharical m€ninA
neaningolrhc Ford. For exuPle:
d Reis bl
s
well
as rhe
Lasic
By hjs ddn on lne .os, Chrin defoyed 6e cmity, by ncans ol $c crois h.
ad b.ought $em b3ck b Gol. Hs dic'l on rhe
lnnen h{Lb rues inro onc
crN ro put d end to L\e hated dd bnng us borh bac* b God 6 one peoplc,
dy
cwple
frcm lne
ab.vc, lne
*ord
closs' Rle610 w..dcn cro$
4.d
crucifi\ionduingtheiimeoltLe RomanEmpn.- Howe'.'er. for chii$io, it
lor
has a
slmb.lic mtring b€yond rhc basionBeing Synboliolly, it mcans dearh md
\uff.nig (tnon, l93a:l8l)
Bsd
on
lno*
B3l*k Obdat
fa.rs. this ftsarch is conduc&d to find out rh. kcyrords
€ce spccch
od relrte
each
kojeords
b
of
comohtivc meaning
on*mioric poiir viev. Byconsidering rhisphenonenq llar itiswonhvto sbdv
'I(le"o'd-o 'le BrrtObas a p.T-br"m'igt' r p'^pr''iv" ii
ordtr
ro
disdrle
Ll idhtifi utiotr
-l]]ir
df tbc
lroblrB
Estrrch is lEused on t*o main probl.ns Thcy
l. Wl.t
2.
it
rhe rcal meenings behind
$t
e
tn3 rypes oi
m6
follorvingl
kelvd.ds lound in A.rack Obana\ nce sp€ech?
connobtiv. meaning
cs
b€ derived
6on 6e
key {ords
ol
Bmck Obma\trespc-h2
Tii5
lgch
k D attmpl
in *riden rert of Bnock
kerlord found in $ccch
ro stody keFvord
Ob€ma
dd i3
connobtivd hedning
s Fce spe€h ln do;na $is tes.arch, thc
and {he Prccess
ofitlentiryios thc otuoGivD mcming
of lnde key sords de dcscnb€d Mor6!er, this rhesis helP $c rcndod
uderldd
$e meaning ol
a
tet
to
motu lbJougl its kela\_ords, b€cause knowhdge
ol s n; .inpoturropem Iu' b untletud !h_ r*d
aoprobn;e'v
CIIAPTER,I
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
evert
rexr
will h.ve cerlai! keyavods, whethgr in
rhe
of1h.l.n,
phrasq *hich are ctucial to lhe unde6lrnding ol the baic coF.pl
dclancq
$e
sod
c
in.Ae, rhc word has po*er or spirit
dre
*onl
that
Kewo.d h6 sev.ml c.ireria such
be build a positive or negative
un
credte rhe
rnd rhe word
6
hiqh fFquency df
inplicn naninS, ihe wod lhat ehpo{ed ptoplc
cd cret
anolher sbdy like
!r
lom olRord
or tum out people\ bclict It aho
tusltio.. dd
il ako ca.
Io do 5melning.
tu
be applied in
b€ used for analyzing
$a
{tle lnd
Luer'j.od\qrt.qqlF.nboi.\3 c r\.,. ornour\,c",
Coniotdive ncrning
h
eeneElly unsrable. h varies considerabll a.coilL.g to
such Ii.rors such as culture, hislori.sl p.riod,
expenence oa the
sF€lei
Th€
sinildty
Triner d.ulru?lEile"c hrt:.
orre
sial :la* and dE e.deEl lil.
benveen
'inE
hctr
key*d,n Md
sorh,!'.
Havi4 an.ltzed the pEvious dal4 ir is concluded $or
Bamck Obma u$d rhe sign
stslm
ii
hk s!€eh,
io convey lbc intended n,es@es views
norivalions in thc comohlile fom ol keyyods. as
intended
conDotlrive
mcss!6 rold aboul the spnl to hale
I
loqd 6oh
di€ da6.
dd
hk
perfecl unior spinr to figfir
aeains thc .Jcial discih;naiion. rhc ptul.sr for moratiry and hrmoi!,, and de
bclicr in Cod, Clristirlity
ed
rhe
hlh
48
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