Study of Development Planning and Development Agrosilvopastoral for the Improvement of Village Economy in West Sumatra: (Case of Sumanik Village in Tanah Datar District)
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF A GRICULTURAL S CIENCES V OL .2 N O .1 (2018) 10 1 –25
1. Introduction
fertile soil conditions and land use for agriculture which reaches 60% of the village area, (3) social
The development of agriculture is a process of condition of the community Which as a major has social change, its application is not only aimed to
been involved in agriculture, and (4) the historical improve the status and welfare of the farmers. But
value of the village as one of the oldest villages in also intended to develop the potential of human
Tanah Datar.
resources both economically, socially, politically, This study aims to: (1) Analyze the assessment culturally, environmentally or through improve-
of the existing condition of farming communities in ments and changes (Iqbal and Sudaryanto, 2008).
Sumanik village; (2) Analyzing perception, Currently the problems that occur in agricultural
motivation, and readiness of farmer community of development are; 1) Decreasing the quality of
Sumanik Village to agrosilvopastura, and its pre- agricultural land due to the high use of chemical
ferences in choosing agricultural system; (3) fertilizers, 2) the lack of skilled people in doing the
Analyze the impact of Agrosilvopastoral activities work in the agricultural sector, 3) the low level of
on the economics of farmers of Sumanik village; (4) rural community education.
Elaborating the most appropriate Agrosilvopastoral One of the opportunities to increase the benefits
model applied in Sumanik Village while main- of agriculture and forestry sustainably can be done
taining the ecological, social and economic by establishing an Agrosilvopastoral system, where
sustainability.
the system is a land use that combines woody
plants with non-timber plants such as food crops,
pastures and livestock, on the same land to form
2. Research Methods
Ecological and economic interactions between
woody plants and other components. In this system,
Location and Time
the production component of each sector will be optimally utilized because the waste production of
This research will be conducted in Sumanik each sector will be useful for the production of
Village, Salimpaung Subdistrict, Tanah Datar other sectors. Another advantage, with the
Regency. The research location will be focused existence of this system, the completeness of the
on the farmers' private farmland in Sumanik ecosystem area will be maintained, because the
Village. Field data collection will be conducted for failure of one component will be covered by other
2 years, ie January 2013 to December 2015. components. On the economic front, this system is
also very profitable because it minimizes the
Data Collection Method
expenditure of fixed costs and also makes the Primary data collection is done in 4 ways,
potential source of income more diverse and namely: 1. Survey, directly using questionnaire.
higher. The result of Rauf's (2004) study of the The value used in the questionnaire refers to the
potential of carbon biomass on Agrosilvopastoral result of the Likert Scale, which changes the initial farming system in the buffer zone of Guniung
value from range 1 to 5, ranging from 1 to 7 Leuser National Park is about 16.4 times greater
(Avenzora 2008). 2. Observation, 3. In-depth than the biomass and carbon stand potential found
interview 4. Documentation study. Primary data in monoculture farming systems.
include 1). Condition and acceptance of farmer One area located in West Sumatra potential to
community that is kateristik, perception, moti-
be Agrosilvopastoral region is Sumanik Village vation, and initial preference introduction of located in Tanah Datar Sumanik Village is a
program, and after program implementation. 2). Village is located in Salimpauang Subdistrict
Stakeholder support includes perception, moti- Tanah Datar Regency. This Village has the greatest
vation, and preference, stakeholder preparedness. potential for the development of Agrosilvopastoral
compared with other villages. This is seen from (1)
village climatic conditions that are included in the rain shadow area at an altitude of 550-650 masl, (2)
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF A GRICULTURAL S CIENCES V OL .2 N O .1 (2018) 10 –25
Data Analysis Method
community on the Agrosilvopastoral farming system after the pilot phase.
The data analysis used to look at people's
perceptions, motivations and preferences is One Phase III - Synthesis and Process of Score-One Criteria (Avenzora, 2008). Analysis of
Agrosilvopastoral Agricultural System Planning revenue and expenditure to see the feasibility of
Analysis is done by projection, either to the etawa goat breeding business as one component of acceptance or to the cost that will occur. Projected agrosivopastura.
costs are based on costs during maintenance
Research Procedures
including, fixed costs, variable costs, revenue projections derived from the sale of milk and male
This research is applied research with aim to goats. The cost of feed is converted to labor costs introduce Agrosilvopastoral agriculture system to
because forage is not purchased. In addition to the Sumanik Village. The research is phenomological
analysis of financial aspects of the program to and oriented to find the best planning option in
assess the success of the business through the implementing Agrosilvopastoral agriculture system
calculation of expected costs and benefits, which on agricultural area in Sumanik Village. In this
include: 1)Net Revenue, 2)R/C Ratio , 3)Net study there are 3 stages to be passed, as for the
Present Value , 3)Internal Rate of Return , stages are as follows;
3)Payback period
To look at the situation and make a strategy of Phase I - Assessment of Existing Conditions
development planning and development of Collecting data on the general condition of the
Agrosilvopastoral resources used SWOT analysis community to serve as justification for logic /
(Strenght / strength, Weakness / weakness, fairness in applying Agrosilvopastoral agriculture
Opportunity / Threat, Threat / threat). Planning system as an option to improve the welfare of
Agrosilvopastoral program in Sumanik Village Sumanik Village community. Analyzing the huge
begins with determining Vision, Mission and potential of agrarian resources of Sumanik Village,
Purpose. The purpose of the Vision and Mission is judging from the area of land suitable for
to know where the direction of Agrosilvopastoral agricultural activities (crops, forestry crops, and
agribusiness is developed. Therefore it is livestock) and off-farm real estate that has been
necessary to build a shared expectation of the utilized for such activities. Analyzing the welfare
desired expectations. Because without the condition of Sumanik Village community, seen
expectations to be achieved, nothing will be done. from the large of society's income, public
The techniques used in this activity are techniques consumption, people's livelihood, and the number
for creating scenarios in the future (future of productive age society and the status of their
Phase II - Trial of Agrosilvopastoral Agricultural
System
3.1. Assessment of Existing Conditions
At this stage the program is implemented for 1 Sumanik Village, is part of Tanah Datar
year, by giving capital rolling to 5 selected regency. This area is 650 -750 m above sea level,
respondents, directed to make the demonstration with an area of 2000 ha. The total population is plot as a trial, in the first 3 months of 5442 people, with details: 2647 people for men and accompaniment. Then do the monitoring 2 times a women 2795 people and population density 272 month to see the development of demonstration people per km. The main occupation of the plot agrosilvopastura. Then evaluated the program, population is farming and the farming is mostly and distributed the questionnaire again, to see the done by female laborers. The number of people perception, motivation, and preference of the who live Sumanik wander estimated 15000 people
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF A GRICULTURAL S CIENCES V OL .2 N O .1 (2018) 10 1 –25
(Profile Village, 2012). Located at hillside of profit-sharing system (even) Sumanik Village, and Merapi Mountain, the condition of the area is
outside Sumanik.
generally in the form of hills, the average The result of the study also shows that the temperature is 29˚C. Corrugated topography with
whole community of respondent farmers is in 10-30% land slope is a potential area for
productive working age according to the criteria of agricultural sector development.
BPS (2010), which is 15-64 years old. The Sumanik Village, is a rain shadow area with
percentage of older farmers is the highest (46.66%). rainfall ranging from min ≤ 100 mm / month and
Therefore, in forming farmer groups, in Sumanik max ≥ 200 mm / month, this makes Village
Village, need to be recruited young farmers because Sumaniak become dry area, because it is very rare
true young farmers are stronger and more eager to rain. The land located in Sumanik Village consists
know new things (Sukartawi, 2002). of rice field of600 ha, dry land (ladang) of 700 ha, and settlement area of 450 ha. The area of
Table 1: Livelihoods of Farmers Community agricultural land that has been utilized significantly
Respondents in Nagari Sumanik is about 500 ha (Profile Village and Village, 2012). Irrigation of rice fields found in Sumanik Village is
Number of very simple, which is limited to watering the
Livelihood
Percentage
Household village that only works in the rainy season. Rice
cultivation is usually done only 1-2 times in 1-1.5
- Farmers who own
their land
years, the average land owned by the farmers is
- farming
relatively narrow of 0.38 ha / KK.
Farming activities undertaken by the
- Farmers own land - Livestock
25 food crop agriculture, forest / tree crops, and raising
community in Sumanik Village are in the form of
livestock. Food crops contained in Sumanik are rice
paddy and various kinds of crops such as: corn,
- Livestock
4 cassava, long beans, taro aubs, ground kale, and
beans, chillies, peanuts, green beans, soybeans,
- Trade
spinach. Some of the forestry crops found in The total income received by the farmers of the Sumanik Village are avocado, durian, jackfruit,
respondents in Sumanik is obtained from farming jengkol, petai, gamal tree, banana, chocolate, surian
plus the income from the side business both in the wood, rain wood, and cinnamon. Currently, people
agricultural sector and outside the agricultural in Sumanik Village are very interested in planting
sector. There are still farmers who earn below the chocolate trees. Feed plants contained in Sumanik
minimum wage (6.70%), from field observations Village are elephant grass and mexican grass grown
the low income level of the farmers' community is on roadsides, rice terraces, in front of the houses,
not resolved from the problem of low control of and in vacant land that grows irregularly.
production assets, such as the relatively narrow In general, there are two characteristics of
farmland.
farmers' livelihood level in Sumanik Village,
namely: 1) the advanced category farmers who
3.2. Introduction of Agrosilvopastoral
control large land, either in the form of their own
Agricultural System
land and other land with the system of holding the pledge so that they have a good level of prosperity;
At this stage of the research, the And 2) low category farmers with relatively small
introduction of Agrosilvopastoral system in the land tenure and low welfare, so that in addition to
farming community in Sumanik Village. In farming on their own land they also use other
addition, interviews and questionnaires were people's land with a land contract system or a
distributed to farmers and stakeholders regarding Agrosilvopastoral farming system.
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF A GRICULTURAL S CIENCES V OL .2 N O .1 (2018) 10 –25
b. Perceptions of Respondents to the Benefits of community in Sumanik Village are monocultures
Most agricultural systems adopted by the
Agricultural Activities
and the average chemical fertilizer use is for urea
fertilizer of 175 kg/ha, for SP-36 100 kg / ha and Basically, all agricultural business is an KCL 50 kg/ha. Agrosivopastura has advantages
economic activity that requires the same basic that monoculture farms do not have in the form of
knowledge of business place management, seed higher diversity so it is expected to meet the basic
selection, cultivation method, yield collection, needs of the community and small farmers as well
product distribution, product processing and as release it from dependence on imported
packaging and marketing.
products, such as inorganic fertilizers and
pesticides that affect the independence of the
c. Perception of Respondents to the Benefits of Livestock Activities
nation. (Yuwariah, 2015).
The result of the interview shows that the The result of the study shows that most of the people in Sumanik Village are not familiar with
farmers in Sumanik Village responded positively to Agrosilvopastoral farming system. In addition, the
the benefits of farming activities. People really community has never received technical counseling
realize that breeding provides many benefits for from the local government on a regular basis on the
their survival.
management of agricultural land and plantations on
an ongoing basis without damaging the land for
d. Respondents' Perceptions of Forest Agriculture future generations.
Activities
Forests play an important role in supporting
Perception of Respondents
human life, because it produces a variety of products that can be classified into three groups:
One's perception is influenced by personal wood, non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and factors and situational factors and an innovation environmental services. Forests also produce three will be adopted by the farmer if the farmer has a groups of environmental, social, and economic good perception of the innovation.
benefits.
a. Perceptions of Respondents to Agricultural Skills Table 2: Perception of farmer community of
The results of the study showed that most of the respondents in Nagari Sumanik respondents perceived that farming skills that they
to his skills in agriculture control most are monoculture farming, followed by
farming and farming of forest crops. The high Percentage of Perceptual Value (%)
Component
positive perceptions of respondents on skills in
monoculture farming system, because the
Monoculture farming
community has not known and realized the benefits of Agrosilvopastoral farming system. The results of Polyculture
farming
the AIAT study of South Sulawesi (2002), indicate
13.33 23.33 26.67 36.67 that in the long term intensive and continuous rice - monoculture resulted in the degradation of soil
Forestry agriculture
Livestock
fertility, thus decreasing the productivity of paddy fields. Therefore, it is necessary to assist the experts
Description: 1 = very unskilled, 2 = unskilled, in the field of agriculture and the government to
3 = somewhat unskilled, 4 = ordinary, give new methods to the farmers and change the
5 = somewhat skilled, 6 = skilled, 7 = highly skilled way they think more complex so as to be able to
increase agricultural production in Sumanik
Village.
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Table 3: Public Perceptions of Respondent Farmers
Stakeholder Readiness
Against the Benefits of Agriculture Seen as a whole Stakeholders in Sumanik
Benefit
Value of perception (%)
Village stated they are ready to implement
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Agrosilvopastoral system, because they want added
Employment provider
value from agriculture system which done through
Economic
agriculture system Agrosilvopastoral which will be
improvement
26.67 73.33 done.
Food supplier
Food supplier
Table 4: Preference of farmer community of
Industrial raw material
30.00 70.00 respondent to form of agrosilvopastura
supplier
application in Nagari Sumanik
Ecotourism industry and
Level of interest (%) spiritual health
6.67 23.33 70.00 App
implementation
Social politic
6 7 tools
3.33 6.67 90.00 option Agrosilvopastura
20.00 80.00 Description: 1 = Very unhelpful 2 = Not useful
is carried out
3 = Somewhat unhelpful 4 = Indifferent independently
with local
5 = Somewhat helpful 6 = Useful 7 = Very useful
farming community of
e . Perceptions of Respondents Against Land
Sumanik village
Condition in Sumanik Village
Agrosilvopastura is done semi-
The community of farmers of Sumanik Village
independently
respondents predominantly perceive that their land
assisted by
condition is very fertile and suitable both for crops,
relevant
forestry, and for raising livestock.
stakeholders Agrosilvopastura
f. Respondent's Perceptions of Land in Sumanik
is done as a pilot
Village
project
Almost a part of the community of farmers
Description:
respondents in Sumanik Village perceived that the
1 = very uninterested, 2 = not interested, availability of agricultural resources in Sumanik
3 = somewhat interested, 4 = normal, Village quite good.
5 = somewhat interested, 6 = interested,
7 = very interested
Motivation of Respondents
The results of the study show that the farmers
Agrosilvopastoral Agricultural System Testing
of respondents in Sumanik are highly motivated to The Agrosilvopastoral demonstration plot was perform Agrosilvopastoral farming system.
commenced on 20 June 2015, on the land belonging to the family of the head of Nanyo Saiyo
Preferences of respondents Farmer Group located in Jorong Guguak Manih, The community of respondents tends to
Sumanik Village with a land area of ± 1.5 ha. prefer the Agrosilvopastoral farming system to be
Integration between food crops, woody crops and implemented in Sumanik Village first as a pilot
Etawa goats in one farming unit leads to project / demonstration plot. This is because they
sustainability between production and land want to learn first before practicing
allocation and other resources. Sarjono et al (2003), Agrosilvopastoral farming system on their own
said that there is an interaction between the land.
cultivation of food crops, tree crops and livestock
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF A GRICULTURAL S CIENCES V OL .2 N O .1 (2018) 10 –25
because plants produce biomass that can be used as goats once a week, d) pay attention to the livestock animal feed. While cattle produce manure that can
goat for Lust is not overlooked, e) marries the
be restored to improve and maintain soil fertility. leprous goat, and f) helps the birth of a goat. The respondents selected in this research
implementation program were 5 respondents,
Evaluation of respondent’s orientation to Agrosilvopastoral
including the chairman of Nanyo Saiyo Farmer
Agricultural Trial
Group. Each selected respondent was trained to
System
take responsibility for maintaining two goats in the
Evaluation is a regular and systematic process Agrosilvopastoral farming system. After the
demonstration plot for
one year with
in comparing the results achieved with the demonstration plot program ends, the tillers
benchmarks or predefined criteria and then made a produced from each goats that are kept in the
conclusion and the formulation of suggestions at demonstration plot will belong to the farmers, then
each stage of the program (Azwar, 1996). Agrosilvopastoral farming system will be done on
The result of the study shows that gradually their respective land. Here are some of the
change of perception, motivation, and preference of responsibilities that must be undertaken by the
farmer toward farmers of respondents during the demonstration
system after plot program:
Agrosilvopastoral
farming
Agrosilvopastoral demonstration plot. These Against food crops (agro). Respondent farmers
changes are described in the following description. working together plant crops on the land that has
been provided, using manure produced by goat
a. Respondents' perceptions of their agricultural cattle. Food crops grown in demonstration plots are
skills
adjusted to market demand and respondents' Almost all respondent farmers (83.33%) wishes. Selected namely; Sweet potatoes,
perceived to have better skills in doing polyculture vegetables spinach, vegetables kale. Planting of
(agrosivopastura) after attending demonstration plot new food crops can be done in November (when it
program than before From this it can be concluded starts the rainy season) because in June when the
that the farmers have experienced the learning entry of goats is the dry season.
process; Called Van den Ban and Hawkins (2000) Against woody plants (silvo). Respondent
as acquiring and improving the ability to execute an farmers working together must maintain the
attitude pattern through experience and practice. existing woody plants, and fertilize with organic
fertilizer produced by goats that are kept.
b. Perceptions of respondents to the benefits of Against animal feed (pastura). Respondent
agricultural activities
farmers work together to grow elephant grass and The results showed that respondents' gamal (rain) trees in the fields around the
perceptions of the benefits of agriculture became demonstration plot as well as on their respective
relatively higher in all aspects after participating in homes for Etawa Peranakan feed which is
the Agrosilvopastoral agribusiness demonstration maintained in the demonstration plot. The
plot program. This is understandable because the cultivation of leguminosa used is Gamal pohom
farming community of respondents has benefited (Sumanik: rainwood) done on the edge of the land
directly from the existence of demonstration plots. around the demonstration plot, this plant is very
The increased knowledge of respondents reflects helpful in the dry season.
the awareness of respondents to seek and accept Goats on demonstration plot should be
ideas and practices that can be perceived as maintained intensively. Respondent farmers are
something new by individuals (Makruf, 2014). obliged to carry out activities in the form of: a)
mowing grass and feeding and drinking goats in the
morning and evening, b) cleaning the cage and
collecting goat droppings into sacks, c) bathing
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c. Perception of respondents to the benefits of the fact that many Sumanik people are wandering, livestock activities.
so their land is used by the people who live in the village. It is necessary to establish a grand strategy
The result of the study shows that positive of agricultural development in Sumanik Village
perception of farmers of respondents to farming through the empowerment of small farmers, such as
activities in Sumanik Village increased after the developing commodities and agribusiness activities
demonstration demonstration plot This is in accordance with the potential of land and
supposedly derived from the influence of social residents in Nagarai Sumanik, so that the concept is
environment encouragement
obtained
by
expected to grow the agricultural sector so that in respondents due to incorporated in the group of
turn can be a source of new growth For the people's demonstration plot farmers or in line with Leavit
economy in Sumanik Village.
(1978) statement that the perspective of individuals
Comes from his group and his membership in the Synthesis and Process of Agrosilvopastoral
community.
Agricultural System Planning
d. Respondents’ perceptions of forest agriculture Agrosilvopastoral agriculture system has high activities.
economic value and is beneficial socially and The result of the study shows that the positive
Agrosilvopastoral perception of farmers of respondents to forest
environmentally.
Thus
agriculture has excellent prospects for development agriculture activities in Sumanik Village increased
as it is useful to increase the likelihood of remaining important forest and tree resources for
after the demonstration plot. This is a good sign future generations and to improve the welfare of
because perception will affect the formation of the rural communities whose livelihoods depend on the
mindset and attitude of the farmer. In line with
agricultural sector.
what Walgito (1981) said, perception is the first
impression to achieve success. Economic benefits of Agrosilvopastoral
e. Respondent's perception of land condition. Optimalization of economic benefits in
agricultural system
The result of the study shows that positive perception of farmers of respondents about the
Agrosilvopastoral system in principle is done condition of land in Sumanik Village increased
through production activities that utilize all the after participating in the demonstration plot
potential energy that can be harvested in a balanced program, partly because the community is
because it is in one area so that the utilization can increasingly
occur efficiently and effectively. The following agribusiness system is beneficial to increase the
describes the economic performance of some fertility of the land. This is in line with the study of
components of the Agrosilvopastoral system in Sumanik Village.
Bagella et al. (2014) in the Mediterranean region
that the maintenance of the land using the
Diversity of Food Crops
Agrosilvopastoral system can ensure the
conservation of biodiversity for vines and Food crops grown in demonstration plot as one underground microorganisms so as to affect the
component of Agrosilvopastoral tailored to the fertility of the land. wishes of respondent farmers community, which consists of sweet potato, vegetables kale, and spinach. Cultivation
of
food crops in
3.4. Respondents' perceptions of agricultural
Agrosilvopastoral demonstration plot done by
resources
working together by several families of farmers of respondents in turn. All family members are
Most of the farmers respondents positively involved. The activities of food crop farming in
respond to the four components of agricultural demonstration plot Agrosilvopastoral begins with
resources in Sumanik Village. This may be due to land preparation. The need for production inputs for
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF A GRICULTURAL S CIENCES V OL .2 N O .1 (2018) 10 –25
food crops planted in demonstration plot in Table 7: Revenue of tree plant component of Agrosilvopastoral activities include seeds, labor
agrosilvopastura demonstration plot in and fertilizer.
Nagari Sumanik
Table 5: Input and Production Cost Requirement on Annual revenue
Tree type
Number of
(Rp) Food Crop Activity in agrosilvopastura
Components The cost of any Food crop activity
Petai
1 200,000 Kangkung Spinach
(Rp)
Jengkol
Sweet potatoes
3 150,000 Wage of labor
Surian woods
The results of the analysis indicate that the The surian or suren tree (Toona sureni) is a crops business as a component of Agrosilvopastoral
fast-growing plant species and at 12-15 years old it is feasible (profitable) to be done in Sumanik
can produce wood (Jayusman, 2006). Village. The R / C ratio of 3.30 means that every Rp 1,000 the cost incurred will generate income of
Rp 3,300.
Etawa Goat(PE)
Livestock breeding of etawa, which Table 6 : Analysis of component food plant
produces meat, milk, and fertilizer is financially business in demplot agrosilvopastura
analyzed as one of the components in the in Nagari Sumani demonstration
Agrosilvopastoral agribusiness done in Sumanik. According to
plot
of
Livestock Training Center (2003), goat livestock Components
Value (Rp)
waste is potential as a source of organic fertilizer, this is because faeses and urine goats containing N
Total revenue
and K kites twice as big as cow dung. Analysis is Total cost
done by projection, either to the acceptance or to Net income
the cost that will happen. Goat mothers are estimated to give birth to children on average each
R/C ratio
3.30 time one child per period with a mortality of 10%. Projected costs are based on costs during maintenance that include fixed costs, variable costs,
Woody Plants projected revenue earned from the sale of milk,
Tree / woody plants contained in the
goat and organic fertilizer.
demonstration plot are durian, surian wood, petai,
a. Projection of population development of etawa interviews with respondent farmers for durian,
jengkol, jackfruit, and coconut. The results of
goat (PE).
petai, and jengkol crops can be harvested once a Projection of PE goat population development year, while coconut and jackfruit once 3 months.
is done to know the development of goat livestock The results of the study indicate that tree crops
PE in demonstration plot 5 years the female parent that provide the largest income per year are durian
will be replaced. Projection results made based on crops. The surian woods have never been sold
the development of PE goats in demonstration plot because they are not old enough. during the 1 year record shows that the population of goat cattle increasingly years. It is known that
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF A GRICULTURAL S CIENCES V OL .2 N O .1 (2018) 10 –25
the number of female mothers up to 10 years is Table 8 : Financial analysis of Etawa goat farming 409; 4-6-year-old goats aged 4-6 months while the
business in demplot agrosilvopastura age of 6-8 months amounted to 74 tails; Young
Nagari Sumanik
goats aged 4-6 months aged 4-6 months, while young males aged 6-8 months 74 tails, so the total
Value
Description
number of goats peranakan etawa until the end of (x Rp.1000)
the tenth year on the demonstration plot is 1,221 tails.
A Investment cost
Cage
Preparation of wells
44,500 component of agrosilvopastura
b. Etharian analysis of etawa cattle as one
Parent (male and female)
500 The instrument used to measure the efficiency
Equipment for cages and feed
1,000 of etawa goat breeds in Agrosilvopastoral
Electrical installation
66,000 demonstration plot is financial analysis which
Total Invests
37,098 includes Net Present Value analysis, Internal Rate
B Operating costs
103,098 of Return. The results obtained can illustrate the
C Total cost requirements
financial condition of the company, which can then
D Net profit per yea
92,193.13 in the future. Agrosilvopastoral farming system is
be used as a guide in the development of business
E NPV (i=20%/th), 10 year
1.82 very feasible to be applied in Sumanik Village and
F RC ratio
40.96% generate big profit for business actor. Thus, it is
G IRR
time for the Sumanik Village community to 39.94 integrate the activities of monoculture food crops,
H ROI (%)
2.14 tree / forest plantation, and animal husbandry which
I PBP (years)
56 they have done partially into one integrated
J BEP (amount of livestock)
K BEP (amount of livestock/ year) 9 Agrosilvopastoral system. Moreover, in the results
of other studies conducted by Bukhari and Indra
(2010) it is also proven that Agrosilvopastoral has the greatest / most favorable NPV, BCR and IRR
4. Conclusion
values among all forms of agroforestry /
agroforestry systems. The result of the study shows that the Sumanik Village community has a positive perception and
Thus, it is time for the Sumanik Nagari high motivation in applying Agrosilvopastoral
community to integrate the activities of farming system after the introduction process and
monoculture food crops, tree / forest plantation, and direct learning through the pilot project / animal husbandry which they have done partially demonstration plot agrosilvopastura. This step can into one integrated agrosilvopastura system.
be used as a reference for related parties in order to Moreover, in the results of other studies conducted enrich the knowledge and mastery of farming skills by Bukhari and Indra (2010) it is also proven that among the community, in order to improve their agrosilvopastura has the greatest / most favorable habits that tend to prefer to apply monoculture NPV, BCR and IRR values among all forms of farming system that is proven to have negative agroforestry. impact on the environment and less optimal
economic benefits for the welfare of farmers. Sumanik has great potential for the development and development of Agrosilvopastoral agriculture in the form of wide availability of land, adequate amount of productive labor, and positive
perception of various stakeholders (wali Village,
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sub-district, college, related offices, regents) to Ekowisata Village di Ranah Minang, Agrosilvopastoral. Nevertheless, the application of
Sumatera Barat: Potensi Dan Dinamika Agrosilvopastoral agriculture in Sumanik Village
Kolaborasi. Di dalam: Teguh F, Avenzora R, is inseparable from several major obstacles,
dan Pembangunan among others: (1) limited land ownership and
editor.
Ekowisata
Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Indonesia: venture capital among farmers; (2) limited
Potensi, Pembelajaran, dan Kesuksesan. technological mastery and Agrosilvopastoral
Jakarta (ID): Kementerian Pariwisata dan business management skills; And (3) lack of
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