Development Strategic Farming System of Local Coffee in Kepulauan Yapen Regency-Province of Papua | Kapitarau | Agro Ekonomi 30217 69273 1 SM
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
95
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC FARMING SYSTEM OF LOCAL COFFEE
IN KEPULAUAN YAPEN REGENCY-PROVINCE OF PAPUA
Strategi Pengembangan Usahatani Kopi Lokal Di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen
- Propinsi Papua
Elias Edison Kapitarau1, Slamet Hartono2, Irham2
1
Fakultas Pertanian,Universitas Gadjah Mada
Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
2
Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen,Provinsi Papua
Jl. Sudirman, Famboaman, Yapen Selatan., Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen, Papua 98213
eliasedisonkapitarau@gmail.com
Diterima tanggal : 22 Januari 2016 ; Disetujui tanggal : 17 April 2016
ABSTRACT
This research conducted in KepulauanYapen Regency Province of Papua. Objectives of this
research to: (1) knowing and explaining internal factors (weakness and strength) and factors
of external (threat and opportunity) farming system of local coffee KepulauanYapen Regency
Province of Papua, (2) Formulating for development strategy of farming system local coffee
correct to be applied in KepulauanYapen Regency Province of Papua. Method used in this
study is descriptive analysis method. Determine of location done by purposive. Data part
of primary and secondary data. Samples of respondent counted 40 and for Analysis of data
using SWOT method. Result of SWOT analysis and IFAS-EFAS matrix show development
of farming system district Kepulauan Yapen Province of Papua reside in II quadrant with
weakness factor and opportunity more uppermost than threat and strength. Weakness more
uppermost at that is exploiting of land in farming system of local coffee, plantation local
coffee which have is old, not plant superioring seed of local of coffee, widespread land of
farming location and the limited oficer of extension agent (PPL). While opportunities which
must be exploited wide of farming area, land is fertile and climate supporting growth coffee
crop.Using superioring seed will be able to increase product and productivity local coffee.
Formulation of the core strategies that should be used as a local coffee farm development
strategy in KepulauanYapenRegency namely; optimizing land, improving farming techniques,
to establish areas of local development of coffee farming an affordable, performing a selection
of local coffee varieties and build the garden collection, increase farmers’ land ownership
status are certiied, Pursue partnerships and improve human resources/ farmers local coffee
in KepulauanYapen Regency.
Keywords: Development, LocalCcoffee, Strategy,
INTISARI
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen Propinsi Papua. Tujuan penelitian
ini untuk: (1) Mengetahui dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor internal (kekuatan dan kelemahan)
dan faktor-faktor eksternal (peluang dan ancaman) usahatani kopi lokal di Kabupaten
kepulauan Yapen, (2) memformulasikan strategi pengembangan usahatani kopi lokal yang
tepat untuk diterapkan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen. Metode yang digunakan adalah
96
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
metode analisis deskriptif. Penentuan lokasi dilakukan secara purposive. Data yang digunakan
adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 40 responden. Data
dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis SWOT. Hasil analisis SWOT dan matrik IFASEFAS menunjukkan pengembangan usahatani kopi lokal di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen
berada pada kuadran II dengan faktor kelemahan dan peluang lebih menonjol daripada
kekuatan dan ancaman. Kelemahan lebih menonjol pada belum optimalnya pemanfaatan
lahan usahatani,sebagian besartanaman kopi lokal telah tua,lokasi /kebun kopi yang letaknya
terpencar-pencar, tidak ditanamnya bibit unggul kopi lokal, Rendahnya teknik budidaya
kopilokal yang baik, terbatasnya petugas penyuluh lapangan danterbatasnya informasi dan
teknologi pertanian. Sedangkan peluang yang harus dimanfaatkan adalah lahan potensial
yang luas dan iklim yang mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman kopi,permintaan kopi lokal
dalam negeri terbuka lebar dan adanya otonomi daerah. Formulasi strategi inti (core strategy)
yang dapat dijadikan strategi pengembangan usahatani kopi lokal di Kabupaten Kepulauan
Yapen yaitu mengoptimalkan lahan usahatani, menetapkan kawasan pengembangan
usahatani kopi lokal yang terjangkau, melakukan seleksi klon-klon kopi lokal yang unggul
dan menyediakan kebun koleksi,mengupayakan status lahan petani yang bersertiikat secara
individu, mengusahakan kemitraan dan Meningkatkan sumberdaya manusia/petani kopi
lokal di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen.
Kata kunci: Kopi lokal, Pengembangan, Strategi
INTRODUCTION
arabica coffee (30%). Both varieties of
I ndonesia C offe e pla ntati o n
coffee plants have signiicant differences,
dominated by smallholders with total of
in terms of taste and aroma (Direktorat
area 1.26 million hectares or equal to 96%
Jenderal Bina Produksi Perkebunan,2014).
and the remaining 4% by large estate and
Robusta coffee is referred to as a local
private estates. The area of plantations
coffee because it can be grown traditionally.
managed by people about 2.12 million
Local coffee quality is not the same also,
household farmers. Plantation development
because each region in the area, from
basically an effort to empower the people
Sabang to Merauke, has the characteristics
especially in the rural areas or villages to be
of soil, climate, weather and different
the ability optimally manage their natural
nutrients. That is why the local coffee of
resources, conservation and sustainable
Indonesia can not be labeled as coffee
and can be source of income for people,
Indonesia uniforms, but distinguished by
especially farmers in the rural or the
name the area, where coffee is grown. Not
village. In Indonesia, there are two variaties
only that, the quality of the coffee aroma
of coffee plants which developed that are
and taste local also rely heavily on farming
Arabica and Robusta coffee. Currently,
habits of farmers in each region in Indonesia
most of the cultivation of coffee dominated
is the averages wear intercropping system.
by robusta coffee (90%) and the rest is
Rahardjo, (2012). The area of local coffee
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
97
in Kepulauan Yapen regency already
the competent local policy makers. The
recorded 173 hectares cultivated with area
second group is local coffee farmers and
215.111 hectares of potential land estates.
tradercoffee beans. Data collection was
While the amount of coffee production is
done by interviewing, recording and
57 tons with an average productivity 432
questionnaire. The data used which primary
kg /ha/year grown by 234 heads of family
data obtained directly from respondents and
farm. Coffee plantation is situated in the
secondary data obtained from the institution
mountains of central Yapen with altitude
related. The data analysis methods used
1000-1500 meters above sea level with
are the Validity and Relialibility Test and
temperatures average per year reaching
SWOT Analysis.
18-28 degrees celsius. This fact illustrates
that the development of local coffee
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
farming system extension in Kepulauan
Identiication of Factors
Yapen regency is still great potential. BPS
Identiication carried out on various
Kepulauan Yapen, (2014). The objects of
internal strategic environment factors
this study are: (1) Identify and explain the
that include strengths and weaknesses
internal factors (strengths and weaknesses)
factors that are owned by local coffee
and external factors (opportunities and
farming system in kepulauan Yapen,
threats) local coffee farm in Kepulauan
and practiced identification of various
Yapen regency. (2) To formulate strategies
external strategy environmental factors
for the development of local coffee farming
that includes opportunities and threats
system appropriate and applicable in
associated with the development of the
Kepulauan Yapen regency.
local coffee farming system in kepulauan
Yapen regency. The identiication results
METHODS
through interviews and questionnaires
The basic method used in this
were distributed to the respondents who
research is descriptive analysis method.
have been determined. Obtained 44 items
This research was conducted in Kepulauan
of questions consisting of 25 statement of
Yapen Regency, Province of Papua.
internal strategic environmental factors, 12
Determination of research areas is done
(twelve) statement strenght factor and 13
intentionally (purposive) based on the
(thirteen) statement weakness factors and
consideration that the region is one of the
19 (Nineteen) statement external strategic
local coffee production center. Sampling
environment factors consisting of 10 (ten)
based on information required that are
statement opportunity factor and 9 (nine)
parts into 2 (two) groups. The irst group,
statement of threat factor.
98
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
Table 1. Validity test Results for factors strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to
determine the development strategy of Local Coffee Farming System in Kepulauan
Yapen Regency
Indicator
A
1.
2
3
4
5
6
Strength
Condition of according to farm which suited for agriculture of coffee
local Coffee productivity can be improved
Coffee Cultivation conducted hereditary by society
Existence of extension of local coffee farm per annum
The available of activity energy/farmer
Condition of cultural social of society which still support.
7
8.
B
1
The available source of local coffee seed
Policy of Local government supporting local coffee plantation
Weakness
Not yet is optimal exploiting of farming system
r-count
Explain
0,782**
Valid
0,783**
0,900**
0,843**
0,342*
0,924**
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
0,865**
0,852**
Valid
Valid
0,563**
Valid
2 Most crop copy have is old
3 local coffee farming system location laid at widespread
4 The limited officer of extension agent of medium and field
infrastructure.
5 Not plant local coffee superior seed
6 The lower of local coffee cultivation technique
7 Farmer land status of cooperative/group ownership.
8 The limited agriculture technology and information
C Opportunity
1 Still wide available of land potential and climate supporting
0,595**
0,656**
Valid
Valid
0,752**
Valid
0,797**
0,364*
0,506**
0,618**
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
0,878**
Valid
2 Source of inance which close to activity of local coffee farming
system.
3 Demand of local coffee home affairs leave open widely
4 Investor enthusiasm is high for investment
5 Existence of regional autonomy
D Threats
1 Dificult Price Fluctuation for predicting by farmer
2 Existence attack of pest and disease
3 expense Costly to release of land
4 Shifting pattern exploiting of coffee farming system to vegetable
farm.
5 Weak position bargaining farmer to price sell dry coffee seed.
0,939
**
Valid
0,905**
0,890**
0,929**
Valid
Valid
Valid
0,796**
0,695**
0,838**
0,678**
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
0,761**
Valid
Source: Primary Data Analysis,2015
** signiicant at the 95% conidence level ( α = 0.05)
* signiicant at the 90% conidence level (α = 0.1)
99
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
for internal environmental factors, 8 (eight)
Validity Test
According Ghozali (2006), the
statement of strength, 8 (eight) statement
important thing to do in qualitative
weakness and ten (10) statement for
analysis using a questionnaire is to test
external environmental factors comprising
the validity of a questionnaire based on
of 5 (ive) statement opportunity, 5 (ive)
strategic environmental factors, which
statement threat.
will be formulated in the form of SWOT
analysis. The purpose of the validity test
Reliability Test
is to determine the extent of the validity
In addition to the validity test
of a statement which used to measure the
of each statement of research using
variables. The validity test each strategic
quantitative data to test the accuracy
environmental factors, both internal and
of variables is also tests reliability. The
external environmental factors on the
test of measuring instrument in principle
development of local coffee farming
shows the extent of the measurement
system in kepulauan Yapen regency.
can give relative no different results
Results Validity test for factors strengths,
measurements were taken back to the same
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats
object. Reliability test by used the criteria
can be seen in Table 1 below.
of alpha coeficient (α). Decision making
Based on the table 1 above can be
criteria for reliability test is to compare
seen that the entire item statement has the
the value of alpha coefficient count
highest r-count > r-table so that all items
greater than or equal to value the variable
of statement is valid and can be used for
of alpha comparison or measurement tool
SWOT analysis for define local coffee
(Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities
farming system development strategy in
and Threats) and can be seen in Table 2
Kepulauan Yapen regency. Validity test
this below:
results obtained 26 valid statement or
According to table 2 can be seen
martyrdom that consisting of 16 statements
that the factors of strengths, weaknesses,
Table 2. Reliability test Key for Success in Development of Local Coffee Farming System
in Kepulauan Yapen regency.
Variables
Strengths (S)
Count Alpha
0,60
Refer Alpha
0,942
Explain
Reliable
Weaknesses (W)
0,60
0,787
Reliable
Opportunities (O)
0,60
0,982
Reliable
Threats (T)
0,60
0,934
Reliable
100
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
opportunities and threats has a value of
regency includes variety of programs and
α > 0.70 meaning that the variable or the
activities that have been implemented by
measuring instrument used all of them are
the Dinas Perkebunan Kepulauan Yapen
reliable and relatively very high reliability.
regency. The purpose of the internal
Thus, four factors have a high accuracy
environment analysis to utilize the existing
to be used as a determining factor in the
strengths and simultaneously overcome
formulation of development strategies
the weaknesses and getting development
at the local coffee farming system in
strategy local coffee farming system in
Kepulauan Yapen regency.
the Kepulauan Yapen regency and right
to be recommended for using of plan
SWOT Analysis
development strategies in the plantation
SWOT analysis is to identify
sector Kepulauan Yapen regency. The
the various factors systematically to
external environment analysis expected to
formulate development strategies at the
be identiied opportunities and threats that
local coffee farming system in kepulauan
come from the external environment in the
Yapen regency. This analysis is based on
development of the local coffee farming
the logic that maximizes Strengths (S)
system in Kepulauan Yapen Regency.
and opportunities (O) but simultaneously
can minimize weaknesses (W) and threats
Determination Scoring
(T). Strategic decision making process is
The determination of scoring
always associated with the development
measured based on the observation through
of the mission, goals, strategies and
list of statements that have been prepared
policies of local governments. Thus,
for each of strategic environmental factors.
strategic planning (strategic planner)
The multiplication of the weight by scoring
should analyze the strategic factors of
of value will generate weighted values.
local government (Dinas Perkebunan) are
From weighted value can be formulated
the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities
into SWOT analysis diagram mapped in the
and threats in the current conditions.
horizontal axis (X) and the vertical axis (Y).
The identiication of internal and external
Internal and External Environmental
environmental factors to determination of
Analysis
development strategy local coffee farming
Internal environmental analysis
system in Kepulauan Yapen regency, and
used to determine how much the strengths
can be seen in Figure 1 Position of the
and weaknesses that are owned by local
development strategy as follows
coffee farming system in Kepulauan Yapen
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
101
regency in quadrant II (two). Position
(O)
(W)
strategies shows that strategic development
0,1262
of local coffee farming system in Kepulauan
(S)
Yapen regency really should be directed to
0,0577
remediation efforts towards weakness (W)
(T)
held in the farming systems of local coffee
in Kepulauan Yapen Regency, to be able to
Figure 1 . Position of the development
strategy
Source : Primary Data Analysis,2015
Source : Primary Data Analysis,2015
seize opportunities (O) there. Thus, strategic
should be applied in the development of
local coffee farming system is strategic
Weakness - Opportunities (Strategic-WO).
Figure 1 above showing the position
Given that Kepulauan Yapen regency in the
of the development strategy of the local
development of the local coffee farming
coffee farming system in Kepulauan Yapen
system is still in the stage of growing and
Table 3. Matriks IFAS-EFAS Strategic to Development of Local Coffee Farming System
in Kepulauan Yapen Regency
Weaknesses - (W)
1. Not yet is optimal exploiting of farming
Environment
system
IFAS
2. Most crop copy have is old
3. local coffee farming system location laid at
widespread
4. The limited officer of extension agent of
medium and ield infrastructure.
5. Not plant local coffee superior seed
Environment
6. The lower of local coffee cultivation
EFAS
technique
7.
Farmer land status of cooperative/group
By combining the strategic factors that have been identified by interna
ownership.
8. The limited agriculture technology and
information
Opportunities -(O)
Strategic – (WO)
1. Still wide available of land potential and 1. Land Optimizing
climate supporting
2. Establish local coffee farming system in
2. Source of inance which close to activity of
development areas that are affordable
local coffee farming system.
3. Selection clones of local coffee and build a
3. Demand of local coffee home affairs leave
garden collection
Local4.Coffee
Farming System
open widely
Promote partnerships
4. Investor enthusiasm is high for investment 5. Promote the status of certiied farmers land
5. Existence of regional autonomy
individually
6. Improving Human Resources/farmers
Source : Primary Data Analysis,2015
7
102
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
developing the local government needs to
rehabilitation of crops, intensiication
implement a policy of aggressive growth
and expansion of the plant and to
(growth-oriented strategy)
improve advisory services to farmers.
Most of the local coffee farmers in
Alternative development strategies
kepulauan Yapen regency, are not
Alternative strategies that can be
familiar with the guidelines engineering
used in Kepulauan Yapen regency in
crops that are good and right (Good
efforts to develop local coffee farming
agriculture Practices) are applied to
system can be determined using SWOT
the standard operating procedures of
matrix IFAS-EFAS. By combining the
cultivation, it can be found on the farm
strategic factors that have been identiied
are still traditional or turn generations
by internal environmental factors (strength-
and have not done intensively.
weaknesess) and external environmental
2. Establish local coffee farming system
factors (opportunity, threats), may be
development areas that are affordable.
prepared several alternative strategic
Regional development of local coffee
options (strategic choices) to be the
farming system is a center area local
direction on strategic combination of WO
coffee development would established
can be seen at IFAS-EFAS SWOT matrix
by local government or dinas
as shown in Table 3 below.
perkebunan Kepulauan Yapen regency
Based on the SWOT matrix IFAS-
under the terms of growing coffee with
EFAS above that the strategic position
accessibilities consider the carrying
acquired is in quadrant II, the strategic
capacity, facilities and infrastructure
priorities are focused on Weakness-
such as adequate transportation. The
Opportunities Strategy (W-O) that minimize
main objective set local coffee farming
weaknesses (W) to seize or take advantage
system center area is to facilitate the
of existing opportunities (O). Based on that
evaluation and control of the Dinas
of the matrix SWOT IFAS-EFAS above can
perkebunan for programs and activities
be determined formulation core strategy
undertaken. If there are issues that
which can be used as local coffee farming
can easily to be evaluated alternatives
system development strategy in Kepulauan
accomplish and recommend it as a
Yapen regency as follows:
program implemented in the next year.
1. Land Optimizing
3. Selection clones of local coffee and
Strategies to land optimize of local
build a garden collections.
coffee farming system is in action
One program providing superior
cultivation techniques; replanting,
varieties is through the selection of local
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
103
coffee clones to base that the farmer/
and the provision of seeds quality.
extension workers them can see that
Given the implementation is partially
the superior seed quality can actually
the result is not optimal. Therefore,
deliver what they want is a coffee plant
these activities should be carried out
local high yielding, resistant pests and
simultaneously and comprehensively
disease. To experiment increase the yield
through an activity involving related
it is necessary to provide a special land
parties to manage available resources
to build garden collection. The purpose
through building a partnership with
built of the garden collection is with
financial institutions, academia and
crossing clones superposing to produce
research such as coffee and cocoa and
new varieties of candidates then used as
coffee research center.
a plant that has high production levels.
5. Promote the status of certiied farmers
The reason the selection of local clones
land individually.
because many adoption of improved
Farmers land is land managed by
seed quality were distributed to the
farmers and differenced over ownership
farmers is a fake seeds has cultivated so
rights to the land. The right to land can
that the results unoptimal. Seed business
be divided into three things: property
is successful if it produces seeds, can
rights, lease rights and entitlement
optimally be adopted by farmers.
(sakap). Status of land ownership in the
4. Promote partnerships
local coffee farmers Kepulauan Yapen
Efforts to develop local coffee farming
regency is still in the status of common
system Kepulauan Yapen Regency
property or communal rights. While the
faced with various constraints, among
role of land in farming as a production
others: (1) the productivity of the plant
factor. Therefore, with the regional
below of normal potential; (2) variety
autonomy that gives the authority to
of pests and diseases that are dificult
regulate its own country, the Provincial
to control by individual farmers; (3)
Government made a special regional
low quality of dried coffee beans; (4)
regulation Papua Province Number 23
dificulty farmers get special funding
Year 2008 on community land rights
for development local coffee. All this
of indigenous and individual rights
has made many efforts to improve the
of citizens of indigenous people on
conditions such as the empowerment of
the ground to give up some or all of
farmers through ield school integrated
the customary rights to citizens to
pest management (SL-PHT) and
be controlled by each resident as an
implementation of other technologies
individual right.
104
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
6. Improve Human Resources/farmers
as a determining factor in the strategy
Efforts to improve human resources
to develop the local coffee farm in
in particular local coffee farmers in
Kepulauan Yapen regency
Kepulauan Yapen regency is through the
empowerment of farmers with training
2. SWOT analysis of the internal factors
and assistance in order to improve the
and external factors that are owned
knowledge, skills and attitude changes
encountered in the development of the
gradually and continuously. The
local coffee farming in the Kepulauan
purpose of the training and technical
Yapen regency show that;
assistance cultivation, post-harvest,
a) Total weighted strength value is
institutional, financial management
4.5514 less than the total value of
and business partnership is to create
the weighted of weakness 4.6091
local coffee farmer independence in
which means that to minimize
Kepulauan Yapen regency.
weaknesses, must be repaired as
optimal so it can be turned into
CONCLUSION AND SUGESSTION
Conclusion
strength.
b) The total opportunities value is
Based on the analysis and evaluation
4.6267 greater than the total value
of development strategies at the local
of the weighted threat is 4.5005,
coffee farming system in Kepulauan Yapen
which means that the opportunity
regency, it can be concluded some of the
to develop local coffee farming
following;
system in Kepulauan Yapen
1. Internal and external strategic
regency very well that the best use
Factors affecting determination of
possible to anticipate threats.
development strategy at the local
coffee farming system in kepulauan
3. Diagram of SWOT analysis shows
Ya p e n r e g e n c y c o v e r s f a c t o r s ;
that the strategic position in the
strength (s) are eight (8) statement,
development of local coffee
weakness (w) there are eight (8)
farming system in quadrant II
statement, opportunities (o there are 5
(two). Position stategis shows that
(ive) statements and threats (T) also
strategic development of local
there are ive (5) statement that all
coffee farming system in Kepulauan
items are valid statement and the high
Yapen regency really should be
reliability means that all four factors
directed to remediation efforts
have a very high accuracy to be made
towards weakness (W) held in the
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
farming systems of local coffee in
105
Suggestion
Kepulauan Yapen Regency, to be
Refer to the results of the study,
able to seize opportunities (o) there.
that the strategy can be set is Weakneses-
Thus, strategic should be applied
opportunity to minimize weaknesses,
in the development of the local
suggested some of the following;
coffee farming system is strategic
1. The farmers are expected to seek tenure
Weakness - Opportunities (Strategic-
are certiied and are not tied to a group
WO). Given that Kepulauan Yapen
or collective rights/customary rights.
regency in the development of the
2. The farmers should be planting the
local coffee farming system is still in
superior seeds of local coffee coming
the stage of growing and developing
from the garden collection well so can
the government needs to implement a
higher result in the production and
policy of aggressive growth (growth-
productivity of coffee
oriented strategy).
3. The Farmers are expected to raise
awareness of the importance of local
Core Strategy formulation that can
serve as local coffee farming system in
coffee farming system as the main
source of income and family income.
development strategy at Kepulauan Yapen
4. The Farmers should maintain good
regency based matrix SWOT IFAS-EFAS
relations with the partners such as
as follows:
Dinas Perkebunan, Enterpreneur and
1. Land Optimizing
fellow coffee farmers, so that could be
2. Establish local coffee farming system in
established either
development areas that are affordable.
5. The farmers are expected to grow
3. Selection clones of local coffee and
reinforcement and synergy between
build a garden collection
4. Promote partnerships
5. Promote the status of certiied farmers
land individually
6. Improving Human Resources/farmers
farmer groups in Kepulauan Yapen
regency
6. The local government through the
Dinas Perkebunan should establish
intensive communication with relevant
institutions such as the nearest inancial
This strategy then can be translated
institution (BRI, BPD Papua), Center
in detail in the form of programs and
for Research and Assessment of the
activities that refers to the vision and
area, Higher Education Institution in
mission of the Government of Kepulauan
Indonesia and do research of coffee
Yapen regency.
quality and affordable.
106
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
REFERENCES
Ghozali,I.2006.Aplikasi Analisis
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Kepulauan
Multivariate dengan Program SPSS.
Yapen. 2014. Kabupaten Kepulauan
Cetakan Keempat. Semarang :
Yapen dalam Angka.Yapen : Badan
Universitas Diponegoro.
Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Kepulauan
Yapen
Rahardjo,P.2012. Panduan Budidaya
dan Pengolahan Kopi Arabika dan
Dirjen Bina Produksi Perkebunan. 2014.
Statistik Perkebunan, Kopi Robusta.
Jakarta : Dirjen Bina Produksi
Perkebunan.
Robusta. Cetakan Pertama. Jakarta :
Penerbit. Penebar Swadaya.
95
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC FARMING SYSTEM OF LOCAL COFFEE
IN KEPULAUAN YAPEN REGENCY-PROVINCE OF PAPUA
Strategi Pengembangan Usahatani Kopi Lokal Di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen
- Propinsi Papua
Elias Edison Kapitarau1, Slamet Hartono2, Irham2
1
Fakultas Pertanian,Universitas Gadjah Mada
Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
2
Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen,Provinsi Papua
Jl. Sudirman, Famboaman, Yapen Selatan., Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen, Papua 98213
eliasedisonkapitarau@gmail.com
Diterima tanggal : 22 Januari 2016 ; Disetujui tanggal : 17 April 2016
ABSTRACT
This research conducted in KepulauanYapen Regency Province of Papua. Objectives of this
research to: (1) knowing and explaining internal factors (weakness and strength) and factors
of external (threat and opportunity) farming system of local coffee KepulauanYapen Regency
Province of Papua, (2) Formulating for development strategy of farming system local coffee
correct to be applied in KepulauanYapen Regency Province of Papua. Method used in this
study is descriptive analysis method. Determine of location done by purposive. Data part
of primary and secondary data. Samples of respondent counted 40 and for Analysis of data
using SWOT method. Result of SWOT analysis and IFAS-EFAS matrix show development
of farming system district Kepulauan Yapen Province of Papua reside in II quadrant with
weakness factor and opportunity more uppermost than threat and strength. Weakness more
uppermost at that is exploiting of land in farming system of local coffee, plantation local
coffee which have is old, not plant superioring seed of local of coffee, widespread land of
farming location and the limited oficer of extension agent (PPL). While opportunities which
must be exploited wide of farming area, land is fertile and climate supporting growth coffee
crop.Using superioring seed will be able to increase product and productivity local coffee.
Formulation of the core strategies that should be used as a local coffee farm development
strategy in KepulauanYapenRegency namely; optimizing land, improving farming techniques,
to establish areas of local development of coffee farming an affordable, performing a selection
of local coffee varieties and build the garden collection, increase farmers’ land ownership
status are certiied, Pursue partnerships and improve human resources/ farmers local coffee
in KepulauanYapen Regency.
Keywords: Development, LocalCcoffee, Strategy,
INTISARI
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen Propinsi Papua. Tujuan penelitian
ini untuk: (1) Mengetahui dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor internal (kekuatan dan kelemahan)
dan faktor-faktor eksternal (peluang dan ancaman) usahatani kopi lokal di Kabupaten
kepulauan Yapen, (2) memformulasikan strategi pengembangan usahatani kopi lokal yang
tepat untuk diterapkan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen. Metode yang digunakan adalah
96
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
metode analisis deskriptif. Penentuan lokasi dilakukan secara purposive. Data yang digunakan
adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 40 responden. Data
dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis SWOT. Hasil analisis SWOT dan matrik IFASEFAS menunjukkan pengembangan usahatani kopi lokal di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen
berada pada kuadran II dengan faktor kelemahan dan peluang lebih menonjol daripada
kekuatan dan ancaman. Kelemahan lebih menonjol pada belum optimalnya pemanfaatan
lahan usahatani,sebagian besartanaman kopi lokal telah tua,lokasi /kebun kopi yang letaknya
terpencar-pencar, tidak ditanamnya bibit unggul kopi lokal, Rendahnya teknik budidaya
kopilokal yang baik, terbatasnya petugas penyuluh lapangan danterbatasnya informasi dan
teknologi pertanian. Sedangkan peluang yang harus dimanfaatkan adalah lahan potensial
yang luas dan iklim yang mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman kopi,permintaan kopi lokal
dalam negeri terbuka lebar dan adanya otonomi daerah. Formulasi strategi inti (core strategy)
yang dapat dijadikan strategi pengembangan usahatani kopi lokal di Kabupaten Kepulauan
Yapen yaitu mengoptimalkan lahan usahatani, menetapkan kawasan pengembangan
usahatani kopi lokal yang terjangkau, melakukan seleksi klon-klon kopi lokal yang unggul
dan menyediakan kebun koleksi,mengupayakan status lahan petani yang bersertiikat secara
individu, mengusahakan kemitraan dan Meningkatkan sumberdaya manusia/petani kopi
lokal di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen.
Kata kunci: Kopi lokal, Pengembangan, Strategi
INTRODUCTION
arabica coffee (30%). Both varieties of
I ndonesia C offe e pla ntati o n
coffee plants have signiicant differences,
dominated by smallholders with total of
in terms of taste and aroma (Direktorat
area 1.26 million hectares or equal to 96%
Jenderal Bina Produksi Perkebunan,2014).
and the remaining 4% by large estate and
Robusta coffee is referred to as a local
private estates. The area of plantations
coffee because it can be grown traditionally.
managed by people about 2.12 million
Local coffee quality is not the same also,
household farmers. Plantation development
because each region in the area, from
basically an effort to empower the people
Sabang to Merauke, has the characteristics
especially in the rural areas or villages to be
of soil, climate, weather and different
the ability optimally manage their natural
nutrients. That is why the local coffee of
resources, conservation and sustainable
Indonesia can not be labeled as coffee
and can be source of income for people,
Indonesia uniforms, but distinguished by
especially farmers in the rural or the
name the area, where coffee is grown. Not
village. In Indonesia, there are two variaties
only that, the quality of the coffee aroma
of coffee plants which developed that are
and taste local also rely heavily on farming
Arabica and Robusta coffee. Currently,
habits of farmers in each region in Indonesia
most of the cultivation of coffee dominated
is the averages wear intercropping system.
by robusta coffee (90%) and the rest is
Rahardjo, (2012). The area of local coffee
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
97
in Kepulauan Yapen regency already
the competent local policy makers. The
recorded 173 hectares cultivated with area
second group is local coffee farmers and
215.111 hectares of potential land estates.
tradercoffee beans. Data collection was
While the amount of coffee production is
done by interviewing, recording and
57 tons with an average productivity 432
questionnaire. The data used which primary
kg /ha/year grown by 234 heads of family
data obtained directly from respondents and
farm. Coffee plantation is situated in the
secondary data obtained from the institution
mountains of central Yapen with altitude
related. The data analysis methods used
1000-1500 meters above sea level with
are the Validity and Relialibility Test and
temperatures average per year reaching
SWOT Analysis.
18-28 degrees celsius. This fact illustrates
that the development of local coffee
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
farming system extension in Kepulauan
Identiication of Factors
Yapen regency is still great potential. BPS
Identiication carried out on various
Kepulauan Yapen, (2014). The objects of
internal strategic environment factors
this study are: (1) Identify and explain the
that include strengths and weaknesses
internal factors (strengths and weaknesses)
factors that are owned by local coffee
and external factors (opportunities and
farming system in kepulauan Yapen,
threats) local coffee farm in Kepulauan
and practiced identification of various
Yapen regency. (2) To formulate strategies
external strategy environmental factors
for the development of local coffee farming
that includes opportunities and threats
system appropriate and applicable in
associated with the development of the
Kepulauan Yapen regency.
local coffee farming system in kepulauan
Yapen regency. The identiication results
METHODS
through interviews and questionnaires
The basic method used in this
were distributed to the respondents who
research is descriptive analysis method.
have been determined. Obtained 44 items
This research was conducted in Kepulauan
of questions consisting of 25 statement of
Yapen Regency, Province of Papua.
internal strategic environmental factors, 12
Determination of research areas is done
(twelve) statement strenght factor and 13
intentionally (purposive) based on the
(thirteen) statement weakness factors and
consideration that the region is one of the
19 (Nineteen) statement external strategic
local coffee production center. Sampling
environment factors consisting of 10 (ten)
based on information required that are
statement opportunity factor and 9 (nine)
parts into 2 (two) groups. The irst group,
statement of threat factor.
98
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
Table 1. Validity test Results for factors strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to
determine the development strategy of Local Coffee Farming System in Kepulauan
Yapen Regency
Indicator
A
1.
2
3
4
5
6
Strength
Condition of according to farm which suited for agriculture of coffee
local Coffee productivity can be improved
Coffee Cultivation conducted hereditary by society
Existence of extension of local coffee farm per annum
The available of activity energy/farmer
Condition of cultural social of society which still support.
7
8.
B
1
The available source of local coffee seed
Policy of Local government supporting local coffee plantation
Weakness
Not yet is optimal exploiting of farming system
r-count
Explain
0,782**
Valid
0,783**
0,900**
0,843**
0,342*
0,924**
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
0,865**
0,852**
Valid
Valid
0,563**
Valid
2 Most crop copy have is old
3 local coffee farming system location laid at widespread
4 The limited officer of extension agent of medium and field
infrastructure.
5 Not plant local coffee superior seed
6 The lower of local coffee cultivation technique
7 Farmer land status of cooperative/group ownership.
8 The limited agriculture technology and information
C Opportunity
1 Still wide available of land potential and climate supporting
0,595**
0,656**
Valid
Valid
0,752**
Valid
0,797**
0,364*
0,506**
0,618**
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
0,878**
Valid
2 Source of inance which close to activity of local coffee farming
system.
3 Demand of local coffee home affairs leave open widely
4 Investor enthusiasm is high for investment
5 Existence of regional autonomy
D Threats
1 Dificult Price Fluctuation for predicting by farmer
2 Existence attack of pest and disease
3 expense Costly to release of land
4 Shifting pattern exploiting of coffee farming system to vegetable
farm.
5 Weak position bargaining farmer to price sell dry coffee seed.
0,939
**
Valid
0,905**
0,890**
0,929**
Valid
Valid
Valid
0,796**
0,695**
0,838**
0,678**
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
0,761**
Valid
Source: Primary Data Analysis,2015
** signiicant at the 95% conidence level ( α = 0.05)
* signiicant at the 90% conidence level (α = 0.1)
99
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
for internal environmental factors, 8 (eight)
Validity Test
According Ghozali (2006), the
statement of strength, 8 (eight) statement
important thing to do in qualitative
weakness and ten (10) statement for
analysis using a questionnaire is to test
external environmental factors comprising
the validity of a questionnaire based on
of 5 (ive) statement opportunity, 5 (ive)
strategic environmental factors, which
statement threat.
will be formulated in the form of SWOT
analysis. The purpose of the validity test
Reliability Test
is to determine the extent of the validity
In addition to the validity test
of a statement which used to measure the
of each statement of research using
variables. The validity test each strategic
quantitative data to test the accuracy
environmental factors, both internal and
of variables is also tests reliability. The
external environmental factors on the
test of measuring instrument in principle
development of local coffee farming
shows the extent of the measurement
system in kepulauan Yapen regency.
can give relative no different results
Results Validity test for factors strengths,
measurements were taken back to the same
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats
object. Reliability test by used the criteria
can be seen in Table 1 below.
of alpha coeficient (α). Decision making
Based on the table 1 above can be
criteria for reliability test is to compare
seen that the entire item statement has the
the value of alpha coefficient count
highest r-count > r-table so that all items
greater than or equal to value the variable
of statement is valid and can be used for
of alpha comparison or measurement tool
SWOT analysis for define local coffee
(Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities
farming system development strategy in
and Threats) and can be seen in Table 2
Kepulauan Yapen regency. Validity test
this below:
results obtained 26 valid statement or
According to table 2 can be seen
martyrdom that consisting of 16 statements
that the factors of strengths, weaknesses,
Table 2. Reliability test Key for Success in Development of Local Coffee Farming System
in Kepulauan Yapen regency.
Variables
Strengths (S)
Count Alpha
0,60
Refer Alpha
0,942
Explain
Reliable
Weaknesses (W)
0,60
0,787
Reliable
Opportunities (O)
0,60
0,982
Reliable
Threats (T)
0,60
0,934
Reliable
100
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
opportunities and threats has a value of
regency includes variety of programs and
α > 0.70 meaning that the variable or the
activities that have been implemented by
measuring instrument used all of them are
the Dinas Perkebunan Kepulauan Yapen
reliable and relatively very high reliability.
regency. The purpose of the internal
Thus, four factors have a high accuracy
environment analysis to utilize the existing
to be used as a determining factor in the
strengths and simultaneously overcome
formulation of development strategies
the weaknesses and getting development
at the local coffee farming system in
strategy local coffee farming system in
Kepulauan Yapen regency.
the Kepulauan Yapen regency and right
to be recommended for using of plan
SWOT Analysis
development strategies in the plantation
SWOT analysis is to identify
sector Kepulauan Yapen regency. The
the various factors systematically to
external environment analysis expected to
formulate development strategies at the
be identiied opportunities and threats that
local coffee farming system in kepulauan
come from the external environment in the
Yapen regency. This analysis is based on
development of the local coffee farming
the logic that maximizes Strengths (S)
system in Kepulauan Yapen Regency.
and opportunities (O) but simultaneously
can minimize weaknesses (W) and threats
Determination Scoring
(T). Strategic decision making process is
The determination of scoring
always associated with the development
measured based on the observation through
of the mission, goals, strategies and
list of statements that have been prepared
policies of local governments. Thus,
for each of strategic environmental factors.
strategic planning (strategic planner)
The multiplication of the weight by scoring
should analyze the strategic factors of
of value will generate weighted values.
local government (Dinas Perkebunan) are
From weighted value can be formulated
the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities
into SWOT analysis diagram mapped in the
and threats in the current conditions.
horizontal axis (X) and the vertical axis (Y).
The identiication of internal and external
Internal and External Environmental
environmental factors to determination of
Analysis
development strategy local coffee farming
Internal environmental analysis
system in Kepulauan Yapen regency, and
used to determine how much the strengths
can be seen in Figure 1 Position of the
and weaknesses that are owned by local
development strategy as follows
coffee farming system in Kepulauan Yapen
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
101
regency in quadrant II (two). Position
(O)
(W)
strategies shows that strategic development
0,1262
of local coffee farming system in Kepulauan
(S)
Yapen regency really should be directed to
0,0577
remediation efforts towards weakness (W)
(T)
held in the farming systems of local coffee
in Kepulauan Yapen Regency, to be able to
Figure 1 . Position of the development
strategy
Source : Primary Data Analysis,2015
Source : Primary Data Analysis,2015
seize opportunities (O) there. Thus, strategic
should be applied in the development of
local coffee farming system is strategic
Weakness - Opportunities (Strategic-WO).
Figure 1 above showing the position
Given that Kepulauan Yapen regency in the
of the development strategy of the local
development of the local coffee farming
coffee farming system in Kepulauan Yapen
system is still in the stage of growing and
Table 3. Matriks IFAS-EFAS Strategic to Development of Local Coffee Farming System
in Kepulauan Yapen Regency
Weaknesses - (W)
1. Not yet is optimal exploiting of farming
Environment
system
IFAS
2. Most crop copy have is old
3. local coffee farming system location laid at
widespread
4. The limited officer of extension agent of
medium and ield infrastructure.
5. Not plant local coffee superior seed
Environment
6. The lower of local coffee cultivation
EFAS
technique
7.
Farmer land status of cooperative/group
By combining the strategic factors that have been identified by interna
ownership.
8. The limited agriculture technology and
information
Opportunities -(O)
Strategic – (WO)
1. Still wide available of land potential and 1. Land Optimizing
climate supporting
2. Establish local coffee farming system in
2. Source of inance which close to activity of
development areas that are affordable
local coffee farming system.
3. Selection clones of local coffee and build a
3. Demand of local coffee home affairs leave
garden collection
Local4.Coffee
Farming System
open widely
Promote partnerships
4. Investor enthusiasm is high for investment 5. Promote the status of certiied farmers land
5. Existence of regional autonomy
individually
6. Improving Human Resources/farmers
Source : Primary Data Analysis,2015
7
102
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
developing the local government needs to
rehabilitation of crops, intensiication
implement a policy of aggressive growth
and expansion of the plant and to
(growth-oriented strategy)
improve advisory services to farmers.
Most of the local coffee farmers in
Alternative development strategies
kepulauan Yapen regency, are not
Alternative strategies that can be
familiar with the guidelines engineering
used in Kepulauan Yapen regency in
crops that are good and right (Good
efforts to develop local coffee farming
agriculture Practices) are applied to
system can be determined using SWOT
the standard operating procedures of
matrix IFAS-EFAS. By combining the
cultivation, it can be found on the farm
strategic factors that have been identiied
are still traditional or turn generations
by internal environmental factors (strength-
and have not done intensively.
weaknesess) and external environmental
2. Establish local coffee farming system
factors (opportunity, threats), may be
development areas that are affordable.
prepared several alternative strategic
Regional development of local coffee
options (strategic choices) to be the
farming system is a center area local
direction on strategic combination of WO
coffee development would established
can be seen at IFAS-EFAS SWOT matrix
by local government or dinas
as shown in Table 3 below.
perkebunan Kepulauan Yapen regency
Based on the SWOT matrix IFAS-
under the terms of growing coffee with
EFAS above that the strategic position
accessibilities consider the carrying
acquired is in quadrant II, the strategic
capacity, facilities and infrastructure
priorities are focused on Weakness-
such as adequate transportation. The
Opportunities Strategy (W-O) that minimize
main objective set local coffee farming
weaknesses (W) to seize or take advantage
system center area is to facilitate the
of existing opportunities (O). Based on that
evaluation and control of the Dinas
of the matrix SWOT IFAS-EFAS above can
perkebunan for programs and activities
be determined formulation core strategy
undertaken. If there are issues that
which can be used as local coffee farming
can easily to be evaluated alternatives
system development strategy in Kepulauan
accomplish and recommend it as a
Yapen regency as follows:
program implemented in the next year.
1. Land Optimizing
3. Selection clones of local coffee and
Strategies to land optimize of local
build a garden collections.
coffee farming system is in action
One program providing superior
cultivation techniques; replanting,
varieties is through the selection of local
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
103
coffee clones to base that the farmer/
and the provision of seeds quality.
extension workers them can see that
Given the implementation is partially
the superior seed quality can actually
the result is not optimal. Therefore,
deliver what they want is a coffee plant
these activities should be carried out
local high yielding, resistant pests and
simultaneously and comprehensively
disease. To experiment increase the yield
through an activity involving related
it is necessary to provide a special land
parties to manage available resources
to build garden collection. The purpose
through building a partnership with
built of the garden collection is with
financial institutions, academia and
crossing clones superposing to produce
research such as coffee and cocoa and
new varieties of candidates then used as
coffee research center.
a plant that has high production levels.
5. Promote the status of certiied farmers
The reason the selection of local clones
land individually.
because many adoption of improved
Farmers land is land managed by
seed quality were distributed to the
farmers and differenced over ownership
farmers is a fake seeds has cultivated so
rights to the land. The right to land can
that the results unoptimal. Seed business
be divided into three things: property
is successful if it produces seeds, can
rights, lease rights and entitlement
optimally be adopted by farmers.
(sakap). Status of land ownership in the
4. Promote partnerships
local coffee farmers Kepulauan Yapen
Efforts to develop local coffee farming
regency is still in the status of common
system Kepulauan Yapen Regency
property or communal rights. While the
faced with various constraints, among
role of land in farming as a production
others: (1) the productivity of the plant
factor. Therefore, with the regional
below of normal potential; (2) variety
autonomy that gives the authority to
of pests and diseases that are dificult
regulate its own country, the Provincial
to control by individual farmers; (3)
Government made a special regional
low quality of dried coffee beans; (4)
regulation Papua Province Number 23
dificulty farmers get special funding
Year 2008 on community land rights
for development local coffee. All this
of indigenous and individual rights
has made many efforts to improve the
of citizens of indigenous people on
conditions such as the empowerment of
the ground to give up some or all of
farmers through ield school integrated
the customary rights to citizens to
pest management (SL-PHT) and
be controlled by each resident as an
implementation of other technologies
individual right.
104
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
6. Improve Human Resources/farmers
as a determining factor in the strategy
Efforts to improve human resources
to develop the local coffee farm in
in particular local coffee farmers in
Kepulauan Yapen regency
Kepulauan Yapen regency is through the
empowerment of farmers with training
2. SWOT analysis of the internal factors
and assistance in order to improve the
and external factors that are owned
knowledge, skills and attitude changes
encountered in the development of the
gradually and continuously. The
local coffee farming in the Kepulauan
purpose of the training and technical
Yapen regency show that;
assistance cultivation, post-harvest,
a) Total weighted strength value is
institutional, financial management
4.5514 less than the total value of
and business partnership is to create
the weighted of weakness 4.6091
local coffee farmer independence in
which means that to minimize
Kepulauan Yapen regency.
weaknesses, must be repaired as
optimal so it can be turned into
CONCLUSION AND SUGESSTION
Conclusion
strength.
b) The total opportunities value is
Based on the analysis and evaluation
4.6267 greater than the total value
of development strategies at the local
of the weighted threat is 4.5005,
coffee farming system in Kepulauan Yapen
which means that the opportunity
regency, it can be concluded some of the
to develop local coffee farming
following;
system in Kepulauan Yapen
1. Internal and external strategic
regency very well that the best use
Factors affecting determination of
possible to anticipate threats.
development strategy at the local
coffee farming system in kepulauan
3. Diagram of SWOT analysis shows
Ya p e n r e g e n c y c o v e r s f a c t o r s ;
that the strategic position in the
strength (s) are eight (8) statement,
development of local coffee
weakness (w) there are eight (8)
farming system in quadrant II
statement, opportunities (o there are 5
(two). Position stategis shows that
(ive) statements and threats (T) also
strategic development of local
there are ive (5) statement that all
coffee farming system in Kepulauan
items are valid statement and the high
Yapen regency really should be
reliability means that all four factors
directed to remediation efforts
have a very high accuracy to be made
towards weakness (W) held in the
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
farming systems of local coffee in
105
Suggestion
Kepulauan Yapen Regency, to be
Refer to the results of the study,
able to seize opportunities (o) there.
that the strategy can be set is Weakneses-
Thus, strategic should be applied
opportunity to minimize weaknesses,
in the development of the local
suggested some of the following;
coffee farming system is strategic
1. The farmers are expected to seek tenure
Weakness - Opportunities (Strategic-
are certiied and are not tied to a group
WO). Given that Kepulauan Yapen
or collective rights/customary rights.
regency in the development of the
2. The farmers should be planting the
local coffee farming system is still in
superior seeds of local coffee coming
the stage of growing and developing
from the garden collection well so can
the government needs to implement a
higher result in the production and
policy of aggressive growth (growth-
productivity of coffee
oriented strategy).
3. The Farmers are expected to raise
awareness of the importance of local
Core Strategy formulation that can
serve as local coffee farming system in
coffee farming system as the main
source of income and family income.
development strategy at Kepulauan Yapen
4. The Farmers should maintain good
regency based matrix SWOT IFAS-EFAS
relations with the partners such as
as follows:
Dinas Perkebunan, Enterpreneur and
1. Land Optimizing
fellow coffee farmers, so that could be
2. Establish local coffee farming system in
established either
development areas that are affordable.
5. The farmers are expected to grow
3. Selection clones of local coffee and
reinforcement and synergy between
build a garden collection
4. Promote partnerships
5. Promote the status of certiied farmers
land individually
6. Improving Human Resources/farmers
farmer groups in Kepulauan Yapen
regency
6. The local government through the
Dinas Perkebunan should establish
intensive communication with relevant
institutions such as the nearest inancial
This strategy then can be translated
institution (BRI, BPD Papua), Center
in detail in the form of programs and
for Research and Assessment of the
activities that refers to the vision and
area, Higher Education Institution in
mission of the Government of Kepulauan
Indonesia and do research of coffee
Yapen regency.
quality and affordable.
106
Agro Ekonomi Vol. 27/No. 1, Juni 2016
REFERENCES
Ghozali,I.2006.Aplikasi Analisis
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Kepulauan
Multivariate dengan Program SPSS.
Yapen. 2014. Kabupaten Kepulauan
Cetakan Keempat. Semarang :
Yapen dalam Angka.Yapen : Badan
Universitas Diponegoro.
Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Kepulauan
Yapen
Rahardjo,P.2012. Panduan Budidaya
dan Pengolahan Kopi Arabika dan
Dirjen Bina Produksi Perkebunan. 2014.
Statistik Perkebunan, Kopi Robusta.
Jakarta : Dirjen Bina Produksi
Perkebunan.
Robusta. Cetakan Pertama. Jakarta :
Penerbit. Penebar Swadaya.