THE VIOLATION OF COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE, A CASE OF VERBALCARTOON IN KOMPAS.
A CASE OF HUMOROUS VERBAL CARTOON IN KOMPAS
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for
the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By
MORY YANA GULTOM
Registration Number: 208222046
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2012
ultom, Mory Yana. NIM 208222046. The Violation of Cooperative Principle, A Case of VerbalCartoon in Kompas. Thesis. Engli
Department. Faculty of Language and Arts. State University of Medan. 2012
This research is aimed at describing the types of maxim violated in humorous verbal cartoon in Kompas, to find out
pe of the maxims that is dominantly violated in it and to find out the causes. The method of research is descript
qualitative research. The data is analyzed by interpreting the conversations and analyzing them based on the types of
axim violated. From the data, it was found that the violation of the maxim of quality is 12 (20.33%), the violation of
axim of quantity is 25 (42.37%), the violation of manner is 15 (25.42%), and the violation of the maxim of relevance i
11.86%). The frequency and the percentage shows that maxim of quantity is the dominant type of maxim which
violated.
Above all, the writer would like to bow and give her deepest gratitude to the Almighty God, Jesus Christ for Th
blessing from starting to finishing this thesis as the partial fulfillment requirement for the degree of Sarjana Sastra
glish Department, Faculty of Language and Arts, State University of Medan.
The writer also would like to say thanks for many special people around her who supported within the process
orking on this thesis. They are:
r. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum, as the dean of Language and Arts Faculty; Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd as the Head
English Department; Dra. Meisuri, M.A as the Head of English Literature Department, thank you for the wise a
ssistance in managing all the administrative process requirements.
rs. Elia Masa Gintings, M.Hum, as her thesis advisor, thank you for the time, advices, suggestions and criticisms whi
ake writer worked harder and more patient.
er parents (B. Gultom and K. Situmorang), her five brothers (Martogi Gultom and family, Roland Gultom, Chandr
ultom, Pahala Gultom, Judika Gultom, S.H), thank you for every prayer, financial support, far-apart contribution, tha
olerance and understanding in completing this thesis.
er beloved sister (Debora S. Sihombing, S.Pd), thank you for giving almost what the writer needs: prayer, love, finan
otivation, etc. Thank you for many things unsaid.
er Tagada family (Debora, Eva, Juli Damanik, Riahmawani Purba, Theresia Sidabutar), her sisters (Elnis, Kidu, Mar
ipka, Hatoropan, Elfrida, Lasrida, Firma, Ririn, Maria, Tanti, Vera, Anita, Eva, Fariz, Harna, Hanna, Tika), thank you
he advice, encouragement, and supports in prayer.
er family in Koordinasi UKMKP UP FBS 2010/2011 (Join, Sartika, Herwida, Nurlela, Erita, Emma, Lory, Rom
gustina, Sri Lestari, Riahmawani), Koordinasi UKMKP 2011 (Krista, Roya, Septa, Marta, Beta, Surya, Dera, Riah, Ri
Tanti, Maria, Nurdiana), Koordinasi UKMKP 2012 (Ester, Lusi, Nova, Merly, Eriana), and all brothers and sisters
KMKP, thank you for whispering her name in your prayers. She appreciates every encouraging little word and friendl
ap in her shoulder.
or all of those who supported the writer during completing this thesis, thank you for the participation.
Finally, the writer admits that this thesis is still far from being perfect. Therefore, the writer wants to invite all of
aders to give more suggestions.
The Writer,
Mory Yana Gultom
INTRODUCTION
Background of Study
Language as a mean of communication is the way of behaving to interact one another to represent their ideas a
thought of men’s minds be conveyed from one another. It will be difficult to express our intention to our liste
without language. For example, when a child wanted to have a lunch s/he would have to use signs such as pointing
to her/his mouth and stomach. S/he would not be able to tell at once what s/he meant is s/he was hungry, then the
will be misunderstanding.
Language is used such in conversation. Conversation itself is a communication which is done by two or m
people where there is (are) the speaker(s) and the listener(s). To build a meaningful conversation, it is important t
both speaker and listener have the same interpretation about intended meaning in utterance. In other word, listener c
not grasp what the speaker meant. This case is called cooperative principle. It is a rule that should be obeyed to achie
a cooperative communication among them. The cooperative principle describes how people interact with one anot
(Yule, 1996 : 36).
The most important thing in using language as a means communication is the message carried, which is cal
meaning. Language without meaning is useless.
eaning makes little sense except in the context of communication: the notion of communication therefor provides as good a place
as any to start an
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
Based on the findings that is explained, it can be concluded as bellow:
1. There are four types maxim violated in humorous verbal cartoon in Kompas. They are They are maxim of qua
(20.33%), the maxim of quantity (42.37%), the maxim of manner (25.42%), and the maxim of relevance (11.86%
2. The most dominant type of maxim which is violated in humorous verbal cartoon in Kompas is the maxim
quantity.
3. The finding shows that from Cooperative Principle point of view, most of the humorous verbal cartoon in Kom
is induced by the speaker’s habit in telling something without giving enough information or even providing it
much by adding something unimportant to say which is aimed at creating humor, entertaining and giving mu
lesson for reader.
B. Suggestions
From the conclusions given, the following suggestion are needed to be considered by the reader or the next researchers:
1. For the next researchers who want to do research related to Cooperative Principle and maxim, it is suggested
analyze other genre, such as stand-up comedy, cartoon movie, classic film, etc. to enrich the pragmatic knowledge
It is also suggested to have further analysis more than writer has done and then compare the findings to this study
BSTRACT
…….......................................................................................
i
CKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………….......……….... ii
ABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................... iii
IST OF TABLES ................................................................................... iv
HAPTER I
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
INTRODUCTION ........................................................... 1
The Background of the Study ................................... 1
The Problems of The Study .............................................. 4
The Scope of The Study
............................................... 5
The Objectives of The Study ................................... 5
The Significance of The Study
................................... 5
HAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
........... 7
A. Theoretical Framework ........................................................... 7
1.
Pragmatic ....................................................................... 7
2.
Cooperative Principle
............................................... 9
3.
Maxim
....................................................................... 11
a. Maxim of Quantity ............................................... 11
b. Maxim of Quality
............................................... 12
c. Maxim of Relevance ............................................... 13
d. Maxim of Manner
............................................... 14
4.
Violation of Cooperative Principle
....................... 15
5.
The Purpose of Violated Maxim ................................... 16
6.
Humor ....................................................................... 18
7.
Cartoon ....................................................................... 21
a. Verbal cartoon ............................................... 22
b. Non Verbal Cartoon ................................... 22
8.
Kompas ....................................................................... 24
HAPTER III
METHOD OF RESEARCH
....................... 26
A. Research Design ....................................................................... 26
B. The Source of Data
........................................................... 26
C. The Technique of Collecting Data
................................... 26
D. The Technique of Analyzing Data
................................... 27
HAPTER IV
DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS
....................... 28
A. Data
………......………….........………………………… 28
B. Data Analysis ……..........………….....…………………… 28
C. Research Findings
........................................................... 39
HAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
........... 41
A. Conclusions……………...........……………………………… 41
B. Suggestions
……………..……………………..........…... 41
EFERENCES
................................................................................... 43
PPENDIX
…………………………….........…………………………..
44
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for
the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By
MORY YANA GULTOM
Registration Number: 208222046
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2012
ultom, Mory Yana. NIM 208222046. The Violation of Cooperative Principle, A Case of VerbalCartoon in Kompas. Thesis. Engli
Department. Faculty of Language and Arts. State University of Medan. 2012
This research is aimed at describing the types of maxim violated in humorous verbal cartoon in Kompas, to find out
pe of the maxims that is dominantly violated in it and to find out the causes. The method of research is descript
qualitative research. The data is analyzed by interpreting the conversations and analyzing them based on the types of
axim violated. From the data, it was found that the violation of the maxim of quality is 12 (20.33%), the violation of
axim of quantity is 25 (42.37%), the violation of manner is 15 (25.42%), and the violation of the maxim of relevance i
11.86%). The frequency and the percentage shows that maxim of quantity is the dominant type of maxim which
violated.
Above all, the writer would like to bow and give her deepest gratitude to the Almighty God, Jesus Christ for Th
blessing from starting to finishing this thesis as the partial fulfillment requirement for the degree of Sarjana Sastra
glish Department, Faculty of Language and Arts, State University of Medan.
The writer also would like to say thanks for many special people around her who supported within the process
orking on this thesis. They are:
r. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum, as the dean of Language and Arts Faculty; Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd as the Head
English Department; Dra. Meisuri, M.A as the Head of English Literature Department, thank you for the wise a
ssistance in managing all the administrative process requirements.
rs. Elia Masa Gintings, M.Hum, as her thesis advisor, thank you for the time, advices, suggestions and criticisms whi
ake writer worked harder and more patient.
er parents (B. Gultom and K. Situmorang), her five brothers (Martogi Gultom and family, Roland Gultom, Chandr
ultom, Pahala Gultom, Judika Gultom, S.H), thank you for every prayer, financial support, far-apart contribution, tha
olerance and understanding in completing this thesis.
er beloved sister (Debora S. Sihombing, S.Pd), thank you for giving almost what the writer needs: prayer, love, finan
otivation, etc. Thank you for many things unsaid.
er Tagada family (Debora, Eva, Juli Damanik, Riahmawani Purba, Theresia Sidabutar), her sisters (Elnis, Kidu, Mar
ipka, Hatoropan, Elfrida, Lasrida, Firma, Ririn, Maria, Tanti, Vera, Anita, Eva, Fariz, Harna, Hanna, Tika), thank you
he advice, encouragement, and supports in prayer.
er family in Koordinasi UKMKP UP FBS 2010/2011 (Join, Sartika, Herwida, Nurlela, Erita, Emma, Lory, Rom
gustina, Sri Lestari, Riahmawani), Koordinasi UKMKP 2011 (Krista, Roya, Septa, Marta, Beta, Surya, Dera, Riah, Ri
Tanti, Maria, Nurdiana), Koordinasi UKMKP 2012 (Ester, Lusi, Nova, Merly, Eriana), and all brothers and sisters
KMKP, thank you for whispering her name in your prayers. She appreciates every encouraging little word and friendl
ap in her shoulder.
or all of those who supported the writer during completing this thesis, thank you for the participation.
Finally, the writer admits that this thesis is still far from being perfect. Therefore, the writer wants to invite all of
aders to give more suggestions.
The Writer,
Mory Yana Gultom
INTRODUCTION
Background of Study
Language as a mean of communication is the way of behaving to interact one another to represent their ideas a
thought of men’s minds be conveyed from one another. It will be difficult to express our intention to our liste
without language. For example, when a child wanted to have a lunch s/he would have to use signs such as pointing
to her/his mouth and stomach. S/he would not be able to tell at once what s/he meant is s/he was hungry, then the
will be misunderstanding.
Language is used such in conversation. Conversation itself is a communication which is done by two or m
people where there is (are) the speaker(s) and the listener(s). To build a meaningful conversation, it is important t
both speaker and listener have the same interpretation about intended meaning in utterance. In other word, listener c
not grasp what the speaker meant. This case is called cooperative principle. It is a rule that should be obeyed to achie
a cooperative communication among them. The cooperative principle describes how people interact with one anot
(Yule, 1996 : 36).
The most important thing in using language as a means communication is the message carried, which is cal
meaning. Language without meaning is useless.
eaning makes little sense except in the context of communication: the notion of communication therefor provides as good a place
as any to start an
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
Based on the findings that is explained, it can be concluded as bellow:
1. There are four types maxim violated in humorous verbal cartoon in Kompas. They are They are maxim of qua
(20.33%), the maxim of quantity (42.37%), the maxim of manner (25.42%), and the maxim of relevance (11.86%
2. The most dominant type of maxim which is violated in humorous verbal cartoon in Kompas is the maxim
quantity.
3. The finding shows that from Cooperative Principle point of view, most of the humorous verbal cartoon in Kom
is induced by the speaker’s habit in telling something without giving enough information or even providing it
much by adding something unimportant to say which is aimed at creating humor, entertaining and giving mu
lesson for reader.
B. Suggestions
From the conclusions given, the following suggestion are needed to be considered by the reader or the next researchers:
1. For the next researchers who want to do research related to Cooperative Principle and maxim, it is suggested
analyze other genre, such as stand-up comedy, cartoon movie, classic film, etc. to enrich the pragmatic knowledge
It is also suggested to have further analysis more than writer has done and then compare the findings to this study
BSTRACT
…….......................................................................................
i
CKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………….......……….... ii
ABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................... iii
IST OF TABLES ................................................................................... iv
HAPTER I
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
INTRODUCTION ........................................................... 1
The Background of the Study ................................... 1
The Problems of The Study .............................................. 4
The Scope of The Study
............................................... 5
The Objectives of The Study ................................... 5
The Significance of The Study
................................... 5
HAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
........... 7
A. Theoretical Framework ........................................................... 7
1.
Pragmatic ....................................................................... 7
2.
Cooperative Principle
............................................... 9
3.
Maxim
....................................................................... 11
a. Maxim of Quantity ............................................... 11
b. Maxim of Quality
............................................... 12
c. Maxim of Relevance ............................................... 13
d. Maxim of Manner
............................................... 14
4.
Violation of Cooperative Principle
....................... 15
5.
The Purpose of Violated Maxim ................................... 16
6.
Humor ....................................................................... 18
7.
Cartoon ....................................................................... 21
a. Verbal cartoon ............................................... 22
b. Non Verbal Cartoon ................................... 22
8.
Kompas ....................................................................... 24
HAPTER III
METHOD OF RESEARCH
....................... 26
A. Research Design ....................................................................... 26
B. The Source of Data
........................................................... 26
C. The Technique of Collecting Data
................................... 26
D. The Technique of Analyzing Data
................................... 27
HAPTER IV
DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS
....................... 28
A. Data
………......………….........………………………… 28
B. Data Analysis ……..........………….....…………………… 28
C. Research Findings
........................................................... 39
HAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
........... 41
A. Conclusions……………...........……………………………… 41
B. Suggestions
……………..……………………..........…... 41
EFERENCES
................................................................................... 43
PPENDIX
…………………………….........…………………………..
44