t ips 0909614 table of contents
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL...................................................................................
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ........................................................................
ii
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................
v
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................
vi
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH .......................................................................
vii
DAFTAR ISI ...............................................................................................
x
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................
xiv
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................
xv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang ................................................................................
1
B. Rumusan Masalah ...........................................................................
13
C. Klasifikasi Konsep ..........................................................................
14
D. Tujuan Penelitian.............................................................................
17
E. Manfaat Penelitian...........................................................................
17
F. Metode Penelitian ...........................................................................
18
BAB II KAJIAN TEORI
A. Konflik
1. Pengertian konflik ...................................................................
20
2. Perilaku Kolektif (Collective behavior) ...................................
23
a. Sifat Dari Perilaku Kolektif ...............................................
24
b. Faktor Penyebab Perilaku Kolektif ...................................
26
B. Resolusi Konflik
1. Pengertian Resolusi Konflik.....................................................
30
2. Teori dan Model Dalam resolusi Konflik ...............................
34
x
3. Model The Circle of Conflict ...................................................
40
a. Konsep-konsep pokok model the circle of conflict ...........
42
b. Strategi model the circle conflict ......................................
45
4. Resolusi Konflik melalui Pendidikan ......................................
46
C. Pendidikan IPS ...............................................................................
53
1. Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan .............................................................
54
2. Resolusi konflik sebagai salah satu keterampilan ....................
57
3. Pendidikan IPS sebagai salah satu solusi .................................
60
4. Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................
63
5. Paradigma Penelitian ................................................................
66
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian ...........................................................................
69
B. Penentuan Obyek Penelitian ...........................................................
72
C. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................
75
D. Reliabilitas dan Validitas ...............................................................
78
E. Teknik Analisis Data ......................................................................
79
F. Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................................
83
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Deskripsi
1. Tinjauan Umum Kabupaten Tuban ..........................................
84
2. Kronologi Konflik Kerusuhan Pasca Pilkada
a. Penjaringan Bakal Calon dan Penetapan ............................
96
b. Masa Kampanye .................................................................
103
c. Memasuki Minggu Tenang .................................................
107
d. Hari H Pemilihan ................................................................
108
e. Tuban Membara 29 April 2006 ..........................................
111
f. Isu-isu aksi balasan .............................................................
129
3. Kondisi Ekonomi, Politik, Sosial dan Budaya Masyarakat Tuban dalam
masa pemerintahan Bupati Haeny Relawati dalam Masa Jabatan 2001-
xi
2006
a. Kebijakan Pembangunan pada Masa Pemerintahan Bupati Haeny
Relawati antara Tahun 2001-2006
1) Kebijakan pembangunan jalan ....................................... 132
2) Keramikisasi Trotoar .....................................................
134
3) Mentalitas Birokrasi .......................................................
135
4) Pengambilalihan paksa ..................................................
137
5) Penghambatan Investasi .................................................
138
b. Kondisi sosial Masyarakat Tuban menjelang 2006
1) Pengabaian struktur sosial lama ...................................
141
2) Tumbuhnya Nilai Sentral .............................................
143
3) Ambruknya Tatanan Sosial ..........................................
145
4) Akumulasi Kekecewaan ...............................................
148
B. Pembahasan
1. Menguak Latar Belakang Konflik Krusuhan Pasca Pilkada
Langsung Kabupaten Tuban Tahun 2006 ................................
151
a. Structural conduciveness ...................................................
151
b. Structural Strain .................................................................
154
c. Growth and spread of a generalized belief ................. 156
d. Precipitating factor ...........................................................
157
e. Mobilization of participants for action ...................................
158
f. The operation of social control ..........................................
160
2. Model The Circle Conflict dan analisis nilai pendidikan
dalam menguak nilai-nilai pendidikan dari peristwa konflik .
162
3. Kerangka konseptual Pembelajaran Sejarah berbasis
resolusi konflik ........................................................................
173
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan .....................................................................................
182
B. Saran ..............................................................................................
184
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...............................................................................
186
xii
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
A. Daftar Nara Sumber dan koding Dokumen .....................................
3.1
B. Kisi Pedoman Wawancara .............................................................
3.2
C. Rekaman Suara Orator ...................................................................
4.1
D. Gambar Video Kronologis .............................................................
4.2
E. Transkrip Wawancara ................................................................... .
4.3
F. Dokumentasi Koran I .................................................................... .
4.4
G. Dokumentasi Koran II ....................................................................
4.5
RIWAYAT HIDUP
xiii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1: Teori-teori dalam resolusi konflik .............................................
37
Tabel 2.2: Penjabaran The Circle of Conflict ..............................................
45
Tabel 4.1: Time Line ..................................................................................
86
Tabel 4.2: Daftar Bupati Tuban ..................................................................
93
Tabel 4.3: Perolehan Suara di TPS Cabup/Cawabup .................................
110
Tabel 4.4: Rekapitulasi hasil penghitungan suara di 20 kec .......................
111
Tabel 4.5: Daftar gedung dan aset-aset yang rusak ....................................
131
Tabel 4.6.: Hubungan Fakta Nilai ..............................................................
168
Tabel 4.7: Pengujian Karakter Moral dalam Nilai .....................................
170
Tabel 4.8: Tabel 4.8: Integrasi Nilai Budaya dengan Nilai Peristiwa ........
171
xiv
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1: Diagram Konflik di Indonesia 1990-2001 .............................
3
Gambar 2.1: Model Problem Solving dalam Resolusi ...............................
32
Gambar 2.2: Model The Circle Conflict .....................................................
42
Gambar 2.3: Keterampilan sosial ................................................................
59
Gambar 2.4: Paradigma Penelitian..............................................................
68
Gambar 3.1: Triangulasi .............................................................................
79
Gambar 3.2: Analisis Data .........................................................................
81
Gambar 4.1: Peta Wilayah Tuban ..............................................................
94
Gambar 4.2: Lambang Kabupaten Tuban ..................................................
95
Gambar 4.3: Alur Kerusuhan .....................................................................
127
Gambar 4.4: Analisis Nilai .........................................................................
166
Gambar 4.5: Kerangka Pembelajaran Sejarah Berbasis Resolusi ..............
181
xv
HALAMAN JUDUL...................................................................................
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ........................................................................
ii
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................
v
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................
vi
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH .......................................................................
vii
DAFTAR ISI ...............................................................................................
x
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................
xiv
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................
xv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang ................................................................................
1
B. Rumusan Masalah ...........................................................................
13
C. Klasifikasi Konsep ..........................................................................
14
D. Tujuan Penelitian.............................................................................
17
E. Manfaat Penelitian...........................................................................
17
F. Metode Penelitian ...........................................................................
18
BAB II KAJIAN TEORI
A. Konflik
1. Pengertian konflik ...................................................................
20
2. Perilaku Kolektif (Collective behavior) ...................................
23
a. Sifat Dari Perilaku Kolektif ...............................................
24
b. Faktor Penyebab Perilaku Kolektif ...................................
26
B. Resolusi Konflik
1. Pengertian Resolusi Konflik.....................................................
30
2. Teori dan Model Dalam resolusi Konflik ...............................
34
x
3. Model The Circle of Conflict ...................................................
40
a. Konsep-konsep pokok model the circle of conflict ...........
42
b. Strategi model the circle conflict ......................................
45
4. Resolusi Konflik melalui Pendidikan ......................................
46
C. Pendidikan IPS ...............................................................................
53
1. Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan .............................................................
54
2. Resolusi konflik sebagai salah satu keterampilan ....................
57
3. Pendidikan IPS sebagai salah satu solusi .................................
60
4. Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................
63
5. Paradigma Penelitian ................................................................
66
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian ...........................................................................
69
B. Penentuan Obyek Penelitian ...........................................................
72
C. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................
75
D. Reliabilitas dan Validitas ...............................................................
78
E. Teknik Analisis Data ......................................................................
79
F. Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................................
83
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Deskripsi
1. Tinjauan Umum Kabupaten Tuban ..........................................
84
2. Kronologi Konflik Kerusuhan Pasca Pilkada
a. Penjaringan Bakal Calon dan Penetapan ............................
96
b. Masa Kampanye .................................................................
103
c. Memasuki Minggu Tenang .................................................
107
d. Hari H Pemilihan ................................................................
108
e. Tuban Membara 29 April 2006 ..........................................
111
f. Isu-isu aksi balasan .............................................................
129
3. Kondisi Ekonomi, Politik, Sosial dan Budaya Masyarakat Tuban dalam
masa pemerintahan Bupati Haeny Relawati dalam Masa Jabatan 2001-
xi
2006
a. Kebijakan Pembangunan pada Masa Pemerintahan Bupati Haeny
Relawati antara Tahun 2001-2006
1) Kebijakan pembangunan jalan ....................................... 132
2) Keramikisasi Trotoar .....................................................
134
3) Mentalitas Birokrasi .......................................................
135
4) Pengambilalihan paksa ..................................................
137
5) Penghambatan Investasi .................................................
138
b. Kondisi sosial Masyarakat Tuban menjelang 2006
1) Pengabaian struktur sosial lama ...................................
141
2) Tumbuhnya Nilai Sentral .............................................
143
3) Ambruknya Tatanan Sosial ..........................................
145
4) Akumulasi Kekecewaan ...............................................
148
B. Pembahasan
1. Menguak Latar Belakang Konflik Krusuhan Pasca Pilkada
Langsung Kabupaten Tuban Tahun 2006 ................................
151
a. Structural conduciveness ...................................................
151
b. Structural Strain .................................................................
154
c. Growth and spread of a generalized belief ................. 156
d. Precipitating factor ...........................................................
157
e. Mobilization of participants for action ...................................
158
f. The operation of social control ..........................................
160
2. Model The Circle Conflict dan analisis nilai pendidikan
dalam menguak nilai-nilai pendidikan dari peristwa konflik .
162
3. Kerangka konseptual Pembelajaran Sejarah berbasis
resolusi konflik ........................................................................
173
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan .....................................................................................
182
B. Saran ..............................................................................................
184
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...............................................................................
186
xii
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
A. Daftar Nara Sumber dan koding Dokumen .....................................
3.1
B. Kisi Pedoman Wawancara .............................................................
3.2
C. Rekaman Suara Orator ...................................................................
4.1
D. Gambar Video Kronologis .............................................................
4.2
E. Transkrip Wawancara ................................................................... .
4.3
F. Dokumentasi Koran I .................................................................... .
4.4
G. Dokumentasi Koran II ....................................................................
4.5
RIWAYAT HIDUP
xiii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1: Teori-teori dalam resolusi konflik .............................................
37
Tabel 2.2: Penjabaran The Circle of Conflict ..............................................
45
Tabel 4.1: Time Line ..................................................................................
86
Tabel 4.2: Daftar Bupati Tuban ..................................................................
93
Tabel 4.3: Perolehan Suara di TPS Cabup/Cawabup .................................
110
Tabel 4.4: Rekapitulasi hasil penghitungan suara di 20 kec .......................
111
Tabel 4.5: Daftar gedung dan aset-aset yang rusak ....................................
131
Tabel 4.6.: Hubungan Fakta Nilai ..............................................................
168
Tabel 4.7: Pengujian Karakter Moral dalam Nilai .....................................
170
Tabel 4.8: Tabel 4.8: Integrasi Nilai Budaya dengan Nilai Peristiwa ........
171
xiv
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1: Diagram Konflik di Indonesia 1990-2001 .............................
3
Gambar 2.1: Model Problem Solving dalam Resolusi ...............................
32
Gambar 2.2: Model The Circle Conflict .....................................................
42
Gambar 2.3: Keterampilan sosial ................................................................
59
Gambar 2.4: Paradigma Penelitian..............................................................
68
Gambar 3.1: Triangulasi .............................................................................
79
Gambar 3.2: Analisis Data .........................................................................
81
Gambar 4.1: Peta Wilayah Tuban ..............................................................
94
Gambar 4.2: Lambang Kabupaten Tuban ..................................................
95
Gambar 4.3: Alur Kerusuhan .....................................................................
127
Gambar 4.4: Analisis Nilai .........................................................................
166
Gambar 4.5: Kerangka Pembelajaran Sejarah Berbasis Resolusi ..............
181
xv