Mikroenkapsulasi Vitamin E Pfad Dengan Campuran Galaktomanan Kolang-Kaling dan Gum Acasia Menggunakan Metode Spray Drying
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Andarwulan, N. 1992, Kimia vitamin, Rajawali press, Jakarta.
Anonim, 2009, Aren Sumber Energi Alternatif, WartaPenelitian dan pengembangan
Pertanian.
Anonim, 2014, kromatografi-cair-kinerja-tinggi-kckt. https://onlynovi.wordpress.com
Anonim, 2015, p-Anisidine.
(itp.fat.ipb.ac.id/id/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=141&Ite
mid=94).
Aspinall, G. O., Carlyle, J. J., and Young, R., 1968, Acacia mearnsii gum.
Carbohydrate Research, 7, 421–430.
Bertolini A.C., A.C. Sianidan C.R.F. Grosso., 2001, Stability of Monoterpenes
encapsulated in gum arabic by spray drying. J. Agr. Food. Chem. 49:780–
785.
Basset, J., 1994, Buku Ajar Vogel Kimia Analisis Kuantitatif Anorganik, Penerbit Buku
Kedokteran EGC, Jakarta.
Carolina, BC, S Carolina, MC. Zamora and C. Jorge, 2007, Glass Transition
Temperatures and Some Physical and Sensory Changes in Stored Pray-Dried
Encapsulated Flavours. LWT – Food Sci& Tech 40(10), 1792–1797.
Cerqueira, M. A., Lima, A. M., Teixeira, J. A., Moreira, R. A., and Vicente, A. A.,
2009a, Suitability of novel galactomannans as edible coatings for tropical
fruits, Journal of Food Engineering, 94, 372-378.
Cerqueira, M.A., Pinheiro, A.C., Souza, B.W.S., Lima, A. M. P., Ribeiro,C., Miranda,
C., Teixeira, J.A., Moreira, R. A., Coimbra, M.A., Goncalves, M. P., 2009b,
Extraction, Purificationand Characterization of Galactomannans from NonTraditional Sources,Carbohydrate Polymers, 75: 408-414.
Desai, K. G. H., and Park, H. J., 2005, Recent Developments in Micoencapsulation of
Food Ingredients, Drying Technologhy, 23, 1361 – 1394.
Evans, J.C.D.R., Kodali, and Addis, P.B., 2002, Optimal Tocoperol Concentration to
Inhibitor Soybean Oil Oxidation, JAOCS 79: 47-51.
60
Universitas Sumatera Utara
61
Fang, Y., Al-Assaf, S., Phillips, G. O., Nishinari, K., and Williams, P. A., 2010,
Interaction of Gum Arabic With Fatty Acid Studied Using Electron
Paramagnetic Resonance. Biomacromolecules, 11, 1398–1405.
Fizet, C., 1993, Concentration process, Malaysian Patent.
Gibbs, B. F., Kermasha, S., Alli, I., and Mulligan, C. N., 1999, Encapsulation in the
Food Industry : a review, International Journal of Food Sciences and
Nutrition, 50, 213 – 224.
Goh, S.H., Lai, F.L., and KAM, T.S., 1992, Method for the recovery of vitamin E
(tocophero and tocotrienols) concentrate from palm fatty acid destilate,
Malaysian Patent.
Goud, H.Kashappa., Desai and Hyun Jin Park., 2005, Recent Developments in
Microencapsulation of Food Ingredients, Graduate School of Biotechnology,
Korea Univesity, South Korea, Drying Technology, 23: 1361-1394
Gritter, R.J., 1985. Pengantar Kromatografi. Jakarta : Erlangga
Hariyanto, Agung.,Panji. Dr. Tri. M.S, dan Ir. Suharyanto, M.Si, 2012, Optimization of
Extraction of Vitamin E From Palm Oil For Production of Microcapsules.
Prodi Kimia FMIPA, ITB
Hart, H., 2003, Kimia Organik Terjemahan, Erlangga. Jakarta.
Keenan. C.W., 1999, Ilmu Kimia Untuk Universitas. Jilid 1, Erlangga, Jakarta.
Ketaren, S., 1986, Minyak dan Lemak Pangan, Cetakan Pertama, Universitas
Indonesia Press,Jakarta.
Khopkar, S. M., 1990, Konsep Dasar Kimia Analitik, Universitas Indonesia Press,
Jakarta.
Koiman, P., 1971, Structures of The Galactomannan Seeds of Annona muricata,
Arenga saccharifera, Cocos nucifera, Convolvulus tricolor, and Sophora
japonica,Carbohyd.Res., 20: 329 – 337.
Krasaekoopt, W, B., H. Bhandari and H. Deeth., 2003, Evaluation of Encapsulation
Techniques of Probiotics For Yoghurt. Int. Dairy J. 13:3-13.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
62
Kresnawaty.Irma., Budiani. Asmini., Tri-Panji dan Suharyanto., 2012, Isolasi dan
Mikroenkapsulasi Vitamin E dari Crude Palm Oil Sebagai Sumber
Antioksidan Bahan Pangan, Menara Perkebunan 80 (2), 68 – 76.
Mathur, N.K., 2012, Industrial Galactomannan Polysaccharide, CRC Press, Boca
Raton, Florida.
Mikkonen, K.S., Maija, T., Peter, C.,Chunlin, X., Hannu, R.,Stefan, W., Bjarne, H.,
Kevin, B. H., and Madhav, P. Y., 2009, Mannan As Stabilizers of Oil-InWater Beverage Emulsions, LWT-Food Science and Technology, 42: 849855.
Mogea. J., Seibert, B., and Smits, W., 1991, Multipurpose Palms: The Sugar Palm
(ArengaPinnata (Wurmb) Merr), Argoforestry Systems, 13: 111 – 129.
Moreira, L.R.S., and Filho, E.X.F., 2008, An Overview of Mannan Structure and
Mannan Degrading Enzyme Systems, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 79: 165 –
178.
Morris, E.R., Rees, D.A., Young, G., Walkinshaw, M.D. and Darke, A., 1997, A Role
for Polysaccharide Conformation in Recognition Between Xanthomonas
Pathogen and its Plant Host, J. Mol. Biol., 110: 1 – 16.
Mosilhey, S.H., 2003, Influence of different capsule materials on the physiological
properties of microencapsulated lactobacillus acidophilus. Institute of Food
Technology, Faculty of Agriculture University of Bonn. 153 pages.
Musalmah, M., M.Y., Nizam, A,. Noor Aini, A.I., Azian, M.T., Gapor, and W.Z., Wah
Ngah. 2005, Comparative Effect of Palm Vitamin E and Alfa Tocopherol on
Heading an Wound Tissue Antioxidant Enzyme Level in diabetic Rats.
Lipids 40:575-580.
Nasaretman, K., Amba, R., Sellvaduray, K.R., Radhakhrishnan, R., Reiman, K.,
Razak, G. And Virgall, F., 2004, Tocotrienol Rich Fraction from Palm Oil
Affects Gene Expression in TumorResulting From MCF-7 Cell Inoculation
in AthymicMice, Lipid 39:459-467.
Nisa, C.T., 1996, Masalah Dorminasi pada Biji Aren ( Arenga pinnata merr ) serta
Pemecahannya untuk Meningkatkan Perkecambahan, Pidato Pengukuhan
Guru Besar USU. Medan.
Ong, A.S.H.,Choo, Y.M., Goh, S.H., and Kam, T.S., 1994. Recovery of carotenoids,
tocopherols, tocotrienols and sterols from esterified palm oil. Malaysian
Patent.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
63
Orwa, C., Mutua, A., Kindt R., Jamnadass R. and Anthony, S., 2009, Agroforestree
Database tree reference and selection guide version 4.0,
(http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sites/treedbs/treedatabases.asp).
Rimm, E.B., Stampfer, M.J., Ascherio, A., Giovannucci, E., Colditz, G. And
Willet,W.C.,1993, Vitamin E Consumption and the risk of coronary disease
in man, N.Eng 1 J, Med.328,1450-1456.
Riswiyanto, S., 2009, Kimia Organik, Erlangga, Jakarta.
Schwartz, H.,Ilainen, V., Pfironen, V., Lampi, M.A.,2008, Tocopherol, tocoterienol
and plant sterol contents of vegetable oils and industrial fats, J Food Compos
Anal 21:152-161.Top, A.G., Leong, L.W., Ong, A.S.H., Kawada, T.,
Watanabe, H. And Tsuchiya, N., 1993, Production of high concentration
tocoppherols and tocotrienols from palm oil by-products, USPatent.
Srivastava, M., and Kapoor, V.P., 2005, Seed Galactomannans An Overview.
Chemistry &
Biodiversity, 2: 295 – 317.
Stein, P. P., and Tonietto, L.,1997, Black wattle silviculture in Brazil. In A. G. Brown,
and H. C. Ko (Eds.), Black wattle and its utilisation – abridged english
edition (pp. 78 –85). Kingston: Rural Industries Research and Development
Corporation.
Steven, M.P. 2001. Kimia Polimer. Cetakan Pertama. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita
Sun, Y. X., Liu, J. C., Yang, X.D., and Kennedy, J. F., 2010, Purification, Structural
Analysis and Hydroxyl Radical-Scavenging Capacity of a Polysaccharide
from the Fruiting Bodies of Russula virescens, Process Biochemistry, 45: 874
– 879.
Sunanto, H., 1993, Aren Budidaya dan Multigunanya, Kanisius, Jakarta.
Suryani, A., Sailah, I., Hambali, E., 2002, Teknologi Emulsi, Jurusan Teknologi
Industri Pertanian, IPB, Bogor.
Tarigan, J. Br., 2012, Karakterisasi Edible Film yang Bersifat Antioksidan dan Anti
mikroba dari Galaktomanan Biji Aren (Arengapinnata) yang Diinkoporasi
dengan Minyak Atsiri Daun Kemangi. Program Doktor FMIPA, USU, Medan
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Andarwulan, N. 1992, Kimia vitamin, Rajawali press, Jakarta.
Anonim, 2009, Aren Sumber Energi Alternatif, WartaPenelitian dan pengembangan
Pertanian.
Anonim, 2014, kromatografi-cair-kinerja-tinggi-kckt. https://onlynovi.wordpress.com
Anonim, 2015, p-Anisidine.
(itp.fat.ipb.ac.id/id/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=141&Ite
mid=94).
Aspinall, G. O., Carlyle, J. J., and Young, R., 1968, Acacia mearnsii gum.
Carbohydrate Research, 7, 421–430.
Bertolini A.C., A.C. Sianidan C.R.F. Grosso., 2001, Stability of Monoterpenes
encapsulated in gum arabic by spray drying. J. Agr. Food. Chem. 49:780–
785.
Basset, J., 1994, Buku Ajar Vogel Kimia Analisis Kuantitatif Anorganik, Penerbit Buku
Kedokteran EGC, Jakarta.
Carolina, BC, S Carolina, MC. Zamora and C. Jorge, 2007, Glass Transition
Temperatures and Some Physical and Sensory Changes in Stored Pray-Dried
Encapsulated Flavours. LWT – Food Sci& Tech 40(10), 1792–1797.
Cerqueira, M. A., Lima, A. M., Teixeira, J. A., Moreira, R. A., and Vicente, A. A.,
2009a, Suitability of novel galactomannans as edible coatings for tropical
fruits, Journal of Food Engineering, 94, 372-378.
Cerqueira, M.A., Pinheiro, A.C., Souza, B.W.S., Lima, A. M. P., Ribeiro,C., Miranda,
C., Teixeira, J.A., Moreira, R. A., Coimbra, M.A., Goncalves, M. P., 2009b,
Extraction, Purificationand Characterization of Galactomannans from NonTraditional Sources,Carbohydrate Polymers, 75: 408-414.
Desai, K. G. H., and Park, H. J., 2005, Recent Developments in Micoencapsulation of
Food Ingredients, Drying Technologhy, 23, 1361 – 1394.
Evans, J.C.D.R., Kodali, and Addis, P.B., 2002, Optimal Tocoperol Concentration to
Inhibitor Soybean Oil Oxidation, JAOCS 79: 47-51.
60
Universitas Sumatera Utara
61
Fang, Y., Al-Assaf, S., Phillips, G. O., Nishinari, K., and Williams, P. A., 2010,
Interaction of Gum Arabic With Fatty Acid Studied Using Electron
Paramagnetic Resonance. Biomacromolecules, 11, 1398–1405.
Fizet, C., 1993, Concentration process, Malaysian Patent.
Gibbs, B. F., Kermasha, S., Alli, I., and Mulligan, C. N., 1999, Encapsulation in the
Food Industry : a review, International Journal of Food Sciences and
Nutrition, 50, 213 – 224.
Goh, S.H., Lai, F.L., and KAM, T.S., 1992, Method for the recovery of vitamin E
(tocophero and tocotrienols) concentrate from palm fatty acid destilate,
Malaysian Patent.
Goud, H.Kashappa., Desai and Hyun Jin Park., 2005, Recent Developments in
Microencapsulation of Food Ingredients, Graduate School of Biotechnology,
Korea Univesity, South Korea, Drying Technology, 23: 1361-1394
Gritter, R.J., 1985. Pengantar Kromatografi. Jakarta : Erlangga
Hariyanto, Agung.,Panji. Dr. Tri. M.S, dan Ir. Suharyanto, M.Si, 2012, Optimization of
Extraction of Vitamin E From Palm Oil For Production of Microcapsules.
Prodi Kimia FMIPA, ITB
Hart, H., 2003, Kimia Organik Terjemahan, Erlangga. Jakarta.
Keenan. C.W., 1999, Ilmu Kimia Untuk Universitas. Jilid 1, Erlangga, Jakarta.
Ketaren, S., 1986, Minyak dan Lemak Pangan, Cetakan Pertama, Universitas
Indonesia Press,Jakarta.
Khopkar, S. M., 1990, Konsep Dasar Kimia Analitik, Universitas Indonesia Press,
Jakarta.
Koiman, P., 1971, Structures of The Galactomannan Seeds of Annona muricata,
Arenga saccharifera, Cocos nucifera, Convolvulus tricolor, and Sophora
japonica,Carbohyd.Res., 20: 329 – 337.
Krasaekoopt, W, B., H. Bhandari and H. Deeth., 2003, Evaluation of Encapsulation
Techniques of Probiotics For Yoghurt. Int. Dairy J. 13:3-13.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
62
Kresnawaty.Irma., Budiani. Asmini., Tri-Panji dan Suharyanto., 2012, Isolasi dan
Mikroenkapsulasi Vitamin E dari Crude Palm Oil Sebagai Sumber
Antioksidan Bahan Pangan, Menara Perkebunan 80 (2), 68 – 76.
Mathur, N.K., 2012, Industrial Galactomannan Polysaccharide, CRC Press, Boca
Raton, Florida.
Mikkonen, K.S., Maija, T., Peter, C.,Chunlin, X., Hannu, R.,Stefan, W., Bjarne, H.,
Kevin, B. H., and Madhav, P. Y., 2009, Mannan As Stabilizers of Oil-InWater Beverage Emulsions, LWT-Food Science and Technology, 42: 849855.
Mogea. J., Seibert, B., and Smits, W., 1991, Multipurpose Palms: The Sugar Palm
(ArengaPinnata (Wurmb) Merr), Argoforestry Systems, 13: 111 – 129.
Moreira, L.R.S., and Filho, E.X.F., 2008, An Overview of Mannan Structure and
Mannan Degrading Enzyme Systems, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 79: 165 –
178.
Morris, E.R., Rees, D.A., Young, G., Walkinshaw, M.D. and Darke, A., 1997, A Role
for Polysaccharide Conformation in Recognition Between Xanthomonas
Pathogen and its Plant Host, J. Mol. Biol., 110: 1 – 16.
Mosilhey, S.H., 2003, Influence of different capsule materials on the physiological
properties of microencapsulated lactobacillus acidophilus. Institute of Food
Technology, Faculty of Agriculture University of Bonn. 153 pages.
Musalmah, M., M.Y., Nizam, A,. Noor Aini, A.I., Azian, M.T., Gapor, and W.Z., Wah
Ngah. 2005, Comparative Effect of Palm Vitamin E and Alfa Tocopherol on
Heading an Wound Tissue Antioxidant Enzyme Level in diabetic Rats.
Lipids 40:575-580.
Nasaretman, K., Amba, R., Sellvaduray, K.R., Radhakhrishnan, R., Reiman, K.,
Razak, G. And Virgall, F., 2004, Tocotrienol Rich Fraction from Palm Oil
Affects Gene Expression in TumorResulting From MCF-7 Cell Inoculation
in AthymicMice, Lipid 39:459-467.
Nisa, C.T., 1996, Masalah Dorminasi pada Biji Aren ( Arenga pinnata merr ) serta
Pemecahannya untuk Meningkatkan Perkecambahan, Pidato Pengukuhan
Guru Besar USU. Medan.
Ong, A.S.H.,Choo, Y.M., Goh, S.H., and Kam, T.S., 1994. Recovery of carotenoids,
tocopherols, tocotrienols and sterols from esterified palm oil. Malaysian
Patent.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
63
Orwa, C., Mutua, A., Kindt R., Jamnadass R. and Anthony, S., 2009, Agroforestree
Database tree reference and selection guide version 4.0,
(http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sites/treedbs/treedatabases.asp).
Rimm, E.B., Stampfer, M.J., Ascherio, A., Giovannucci, E., Colditz, G. And
Willet,W.C.,1993, Vitamin E Consumption and the risk of coronary disease
in man, N.Eng 1 J, Med.328,1450-1456.
Riswiyanto, S., 2009, Kimia Organik, Erlangga, Jakarta.
Schwartz, H.,Ilainen, V., Pfironen, V., Lampi, M.A.,2008, Tocopherol, tocoterienol
and plant sterol contents of vegetable oils and industrial fats, J Food Compos
Anal 21:152-161.Top, A.G., Leong, L.W., Ong, A.S.H., Kawada, T.,
Watanabe, H. And Tsuchiya, N., 1993, Production of high concentration
tocoppherols and tocotrienols from palm oil by-products, USPatent.
Srivastava, M., and Kapoor, V.P., 2005, Seed Galactomannans An Overview.
Chemistry &
Biodiversity, 2: 295 – 317.
Stein, P. P., and Tonietto, L.,1997, Black wattle silviculture in Brazil. In A. G. Brown,
and H. C. Ko (Eds.), Black wattle and its utilisation – abridged english
edition (pp. 78 –85). Kingston: Rural Industries Research and Development
Corporation.
Steven, M.P. 2001. Kimia Polimer. Cetakan Pertama. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita
Sun, Y. X., Liu, J. C., Yang, X.D., and Kennedy, J. F., 2010, Purification, Structural
Analysis and Hydroxyl Radical-Scavenging Capacity of a Polysaccharide
from the Fruiting Bodies of Russula virescens, Process Biochemistry, 45: 874
– 879.
Sunanto, H., 1993, Aren Budidaya dan Multigunanya, Kanisius, Jakarta.
Suryani, A., Sailah, I., Hambali, E., 2002, Teknologi Emulsi, Jurusan Teknologi
Industri Pertanian, IPB, Bogor.
Tarigan, J. Br., 2012, Karakterisasi Edible Film yang Bersifat Antioksidan dan Anti
mikroba dari Galaktomanan Biji Aren (Arengapinnata) yang Diinkoporasi
dengan Minyak Atsiri Daun Kemangi. Program Doktor FMIPA, USU, Medan
Universitas Sumatera Utara