Pengaruh Penambahan Kitosan Nano Gel Terhadap Sifat Mekanis dan Stabilitas Warna Bahan Basis Gigi Tiruan Resin Akrilik Polimerisasi Panas
6
ABSTRACT
Heat-activated denture base resin is the material most commonly used as a
denture base, but these materials still lack a long-term use one of them is the low
mechanical properties. To improve these properties, a reinforcing material is added.
Recently, there is a great interest for the study of natural products, such as chitosan.
Research on thermal polymerization of acrylic resin added high molecular chitosan
nanoparticles to increase the strength of denture base materials have not been studied
to date therefore researchers are particularty interested in examining these two
materials.Chitosan is a proven biocompatible material that is safe for humans. This
study was aimed to look at the effect of adding chitosan nano gel on the mechanical
properties and color stability oh heat-activated denture base resin. Sample in this
study is the heat-activated denture base resin rectangular shape with the size of
50x6x4mm (for impact), 64x10x2,5mm (for transverse), and 40x10x2mm (for colors
stability). 6 samples size of each group, ie : control group and the group plus
chitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0%, and 1.5%. Sample preparation starts
with making mold in the cuvette. After placement of the control group and the heatactivated denture base resin plus chitosan nano gel into a mold then performed
cuvette pressing and curing in waterbath with a temperature of 740C for 120 minute
and 1000C for 60 minute, After being removed from the sample cuvette last trimmed
impact strength testing using charpy tester, transverse strength testing using torsee’s
electronic system universal testing machine with initial load of 50 kgf and color
stability testing by means of UV-Visible spectrophotometer with 552 nm wavelength.
Qualitatively and quantitatively, the data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA
and LSD. Qualitatively and quantitatively, the statistical analysis showed there were
significant differences on heat-activated denture base resin without chitosan nano gel.
The value of impact strength of heat-activated denture base resin without chitosan
nano gel are 5.83x10-3 J/mm2 lower than 5.91, 6.41, 6.58, 7.91 and 6.08x10-3 J/mm2
with chitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%, and 1,5%. The same thing on the
transverse strength of heat-activated denture base resin without chitosan nano gel are
74.62 Mpa lower 74.93, 75.14, 78.88, 79.00, and 78.58 Mpa with chitosan nano gel
0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%, and 1,5%. The colors stability of heat-activated denture
base resin without chitosan nano gel are 0.07345 cm-1 and 0.07354, 0.07383,
0.07499, 0.07589 lower than 0.07554 cm-1 with chitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%,
0,75%, 1,0%, and 1,5%. In conclusion, no difference in value of impact strength,
transverse strength, and discoloring of the heat-activated denture base material of
acrylic resin polymerization significant after the addition of chitosan nano gel 0.25%,
0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0% and 1.5%. The addition of chitosan nano gel 1% is a consistency
most suitable for use as a reinforcing material.
Key words: heat-activated denture base resin, chitosan nano gel
Universitas Sumatera Utara
7
ABSTRAK
Resin akrilik polimerisasi panas merupakan bahan yang sering digunakan
sebagai basis gigi tiruan, namun bahan ini masih memiliki kekurangan dalam
pemakaian jangka panjang salah satunya adalah sifat mekanis yang rendah. Untuk
memperbaiki sifat tersebut, bahan penguat ditambahkan. Pemakaian bahan alam
seperti kitosan untuk memperbaiki sifat resin akrilik polimerisasi panas lebih diteliti.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan kitosan molekul tinggi
dalam bentuk nano gel terhadap kekuatan mekanis bahan basis gigi tiruan resin
akrilik polimerisasi panas dan stabilitas warnanya. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah
resin akrilik polimerisasi panas berbentuk persegi panjang dengan ukuran 50x6x4mm
(untuk uji impak), 64x10x2,5mm (uji transversal), dan 40x10x2mm (uji stabilitas
warna). Besar sampel 6 setiap kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok yang
ditambahkan kitosan nano gel 0.25, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0%, dan 1.50%. Pembuatan
sampel dimulai dengan membuat mold di dalam kuvet. Setelah pengepresan kuvet
dilakukan kuring di dalam waterbath dengan suhu740C selama 120 menit dan 1000C
selama 60 menit. Pengujian kekuatan impak dilakukan dengan alat charpy tester,
pengujian kekuatan transversal menggunakan torsee’s electronic system universal
testing machine dengan beban awal 50 kgf dan pengukuran stabilitas warna dengan
alat UV-Visible spectrophotometer dengan panjang gelombang 552 nm. Hasil Uji
statistik ANOVA dan LSD menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada resin
akrilik polimerisasi panas tanpa penambahan kitosan nano gel dengan penambahan
kitosan nano gel. Nilai kekuatan impak resin akrilik polimerisasi panas tanpa
penambahan kitosan nano gel 5.83x10-3 J/mm2 lebih rendah dibandingkan 5.91, 6.41,
6.58, 7.91 dan 6.08x10-3 J/mm2 dengan kitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%,
dan 1,5%. Hal yang sama pada nilai kekuatan transversal tanpa penambahan kitosan
nano gel 74.62 Mpa lebih rendah dibandingkan 74.93, 75.14, 78.88, 79.00, dan 78.58
Mpa dengan penambahan kitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%, dan 1,5%.
Nilai stabilitas warna pada resin akrilik polimerisasi panas tanpa penambahan kitosan
nano gel 0.07345cm-1 lebih rendah dibandingkan 0.07354, 0.07383, 0.07499, 0.07589
dan 0.07554 cm-1 dengan kitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%, dan 1,5%.
Kesimpulan, Ada perbedaan nilai kekuatan impak, kekuatan transversal dan
perubahan warna bahan basis gigi tiruan resin akrilik polimerisasi panas yang
signifikan setelah penambahan kitosan nano gel dengan persentase yang berbeda
yaitu 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0% dan 1.5%. Penambahan kitosan nano gel 1%
merupakan konsistensi yang paling cocok digunakan sebagai bahan penguat.
Kata Kunci: resin akrilik polimerisasi panas, kitosan nano
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Heat-activated denture base resin is the material most commonly used as a
denture base, but these materials still lack a long-term use one of them is the low
mechanical properties. To improve these properties, a reinforcing material is added.
Recently, there is a great interest for the study of natural products, such as chitosan.
Research on thermal polymerization of acrylic resin added high molecular chitosan
nanoparticles to increase the strength of denture base materials have not been studied
to date therefore researchers are particularty interested in examining these two
materials.Chitosan is a proven biocompatible material that is safe for humans. This
study was aimed to look at the effect of adding chitosan nano gel on the mechanical
properties and color stability oh heat-activated denture base resin. Sample in this
study is the heat-activated denture base resin rectangular shape with the size of
50x6x4mm (for impact), 64x10x2,5mm (for transverse), and 40x10x2mm (for colors
stability). 6 samples size of each group, ie : control group and the group plus
chitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0%, and 1.5%. Sample preparation starts
with making mold in the cuvette. After placement of the control group and the heatactivated denture base resin plus chitosan nano gel into a mold then performed
cuvette pressing and curing in waterbath with a temperature of 740C for 120 minute
and 1000C for 60 minute, After being removed from the sample cuvette last trimmed
impact strength testing using charpy tester, transverse strength testing using torsee’s
electronic system universal testing machine with initial load of 50 kgf and color
stability testing by means of UV-Visible spectrophotometer with 552 nm wavelength.
Qualitatively and quantitatively, the data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA
and LSD. Qualitatively and quantitatively, the statistical analysis showed there were
significant differences on heat-activated denture base resin without chitosan nano gel.
The value of impact strength of heat-activated denture base resin without chitosan
nano gel are 5.83x10-3 J/mm2 lower than 5.91, 6.41, 6.58, 7.91 and 6.08x10-3 J/mm2
with chitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%, and 1,5%. The same thing on the
transverse strength of heat-activated denture base resin without chitosan nano gel are
74.62 Mpa lower 74.93, 75.14, 78.88, 79.00, and 78.58 Mpa with chitosan nano gel
0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%, and 1,5%. The colors stability of heat-activated denture
base resin without chitosan nano gel are 0.07345 cm-1 and 0.07354, 0.07383,
0.07499, 0.07589 lower than 0.07554 cm-1 with chitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%,
0,75%, 1,0%, and 1,5%. In conclusion, no difference in value of impact strength,
transverse strength, and discoloring of the heat-activated denture base material of
acrylic resin polymerization significant after the addition of chitosan nano gel 0.25%,
0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0% and 1.5%. The addition of chitosan nano gel 1% is a consistency
most suitable for use as a reinforcing material.
Key words: heat-activated denture base resin, chitosan nano gel
Universitas Sumatera Utara
7
ABSTRAK
Resin akrilik polimerisasi panas merupakan bahan yang sering digunakan
sebagai basis gigi tiruan, namun bahan ini masih memiliki kekurangan dalam
pemakaian jangka panjang salah satunya adalah sifat mekanis yang rendah. Untuk
memperbaiki sifat tersebut, bahan penguat ditambahkan. Pemakaian bahan alam
seperti kitosan untuk memperbaiki sifat resin akrilik polimerisasi panas lebih diteliti.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan kitosan molekul tinggi
dalam bentuk nano gel terhadap kekuatan mekanis bahan basis gigi tiruan resin
akrilik polimerisasi panas dan stabilitas warnanya. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah
resin akrilik polimerisasi panas berbentuk persegi panjang dengan ukuran 50x6x4mm
(untuk uji impak), 64x10x2,5mm (uji transversal), dan 40x10x2mm (uji stabilitas
warna). Besar sampel 6 setiap kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok yang
ditambahkan kitosan nano gel 0.25, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0%, dan 1.50%. Pembuatan
sampel dimulai dengan membuat mold di dalam kuvet. Setelah pengepresan kuvet
dilakukan kuring di dalam waterbath dengan suhu740C selama 120 menit dan 1000C
selama 60 menit. Pengujian kekuatan impak dilakukan dengan alat charpy tester,
pengujian kekuatan transversal menggunakan torsee’s electronic system universal
testing machine dengan beban awal 50 kgf dan pengukuran stabilitas warna dengan
alat UV-Visible spectrophotometer dengan panjang gelombang 552 nm. Hasil Uji
statistik ANOVA dan LSD menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada resin
akrilik polimerisasi panas tanpa penambahan kitosan nano gel dengan penambahan
kitosan nano gel. Nilai kekuatan impak resin akrilik polimerisasi panas tanpa
penambahan kitosan nano gel 5.83x10-3 J/mm2 lebih rendah dibandingkan 5.91, 6.41,
6.58, 7.91 dan 6.08x10-3 J/mm2 dengan kitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%,
dan 1,5%. Hal yang sama pada nilai kekuatan transversal tanpa penambahan kitosan
nano gel 74.62 Mpa lebih rendah dibandingkan 74.93, 75.14, 78.88, 79.00, dan 78.58
Mpa dengan penambahan kitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%, dan 1,5%.
Nilai stabilitas warna pada resin akrilik polimerisasi panas tanpa penambahan kitosan
nano gel 0.07345cm-1 lebih rendah dibandingkan 0.07354, 0.07383, 0.07499, 0.07589
dan 0.07554 cm-1 dengan kitosan nano gel 0.25%, 0,50%, 0,75%, 1,0%, dan 1,5%.
Kesimpulan, Ada perbedaan nilai kekuatan impak, kekuatan transversal dan
perubahan warna bahan basis gigi tiruan resin akrilik polimerisasi panas yang
signifikan setelah penambahan kitosan nano gel dengan persentase yang berbeda
yaitu 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0% dan 1.5%. Penambahan kitosan nano gel 1%
merupakan konsistensi yang paling cocok digunakan sebagai bahan penguat.
Kata Kunci: resin akrilik polimerisasi panas, kitosan nano
Universitas Sumatera Utara