Hubungan Antara Diabetes Gestasional Dengan PJBI Pada Bayi Baru Lahir
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang Penyakit Jantung Bawaan (PJB) 90% disebabkan multifaktorial,
salah satunya faktor maternal. Diabetes gestasional berdampak terhadap sistim
kardiovaskular meningkatkan risiko terjadinya TGA, kardiomiopati, kelainan katup
dan septum jantung.
Tujuan Mengetahui hubungan DM gestasional dengan kelainan kardiovaskular pada
bayi baru lahir serta mencari variabel lain yang mempengaruhi kelainan
kardiovaskular pada bayi baru lahir.
Metode Studi cross-sectional dilakukan di sejumlah praktik dokter spesialis obstetri
ginekologi dan RS di kota Medan selama Oktober 2012 sampai Juni 2013.
Kelompok kasus ibu hamil penderita diabetes gestasional sudah dilakukan
pemeriksaan laboratorium, kelompok kontrol ibu hamil bukan penderita diabetes
akan melahirkan di RS yang sama. Dilakukan pencatatan data usia gestasi, berat
badan lahir, kelainan bawaan yang dijumpai, dan hasil ekokardiografi untuk
mendiagnosis adanya PJB.
Hasil Dari 20 ibu DM gestasional dan 37 tanpa DM gestasional mengikuti penelitian
ini, dijumpai 10% (2 kasus) bayi lahir dari ibu DM gestasional menderita PJB.
Kelompok ibu tanpa DM gestasional, tidak dijumpai adanya bayi dengan PJB. Tidak
terdapat hubungan signifikan antara ibu penderita DM gestasional dengan terjadinya
PJB (P: 0.05). Hubungan antara DM gestasional pada ibu dengan terjadinya
kardiomiopati juga tidak terbukti (P: 0.351).
Kesimpulan Ibu yang menderita DM gestasional tidak mempunyai hubungan
signifikan terjadinya PJB pada bayi baru lahir. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara ibu
menderita DM gestasional dengan terjadinya kardiomiopati pada bayi yang
dilahirkan.
Kata kunci :
Diabetes gestasional, penyakit jantung bawaan, kardiomiopati
13
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Background Approximately 90% of congenital heart disease (CHD) caused by
multifactorial, one of which is maternal factor. Gestational diabetes can affect
cardiovascular system by increasing risk of TGA, cardiomyopathy, septal and valves
defects.
Objectives To determine relationship between gestational diabetes with
cardiovascular abnormalities in newborn and other variables that might affect the
occurence of cardiovascular abnormalities in newborns.
Methods We conducted cross-sectional study in several practices of obstetrics and
gynecology specialist and hospitals in Medan during October 2012 until June 2013.
Groups of cases was pregnant women who have gestational diabetes confirmed by
laboratory examination, control group was pregnant women who were not diabetic
but would give birth at the same hospital with cases. Infant data from both groups
recorded, include gestational age, birthweight, whether any congenital abnormalities
found, and results of echocardiography.
Results We enrolled 20 pregnant women gestational diabetic and 37 pregnant
women without diabetic in this study. We found 10% (2 cases) babies with CHD born
to diabetic mothers while in the non-DM group, there was no case of infant with
CHD. There was no significant association between gestational diabetes mellitus
with occurrence of CHD (P:0.05). There was no relationship between gestational
diabetes mellitus with occurence of cardiomyopathy shown in this study (P:0.351).
Conclusion This study suggests that women with gestational diabetes have no
significant relationship to occurrence of congenital heart disease in newborn. In
addition it was found that there was no correlation between gestational diabetes
mellitus with occurrence of cardiomyopathy in newborn
Keywords: gestational diabetes, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy
14
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Latar Belakang Penyakit Jantung Bawaan (PJB) 90% disebabkan multifaktorial,
salah satunya faktor maternal. Diabetes gestasional berdampak terhadap sistim
kardiovaskular meningkatkan risiko terjadinya TGA, kardiomiopati, kelainan katup
dan septum jantung.
Tujuan Mengetahui hubungan DM gestasional dengan kelainan kardiovaskular pada
bayi baru lahir serta mencari variabel lain yang mempengaruhi kelainan
kardiovaskular pada bayi baru lahir.
Metode Studi cross-sectional dilakukan di sejumlah praktik dokter spesialis obstetri
ginekologi dan RS di kota Medan selama Oktober 2012 sampai Juni 2013.
Kelompok kasus ibu hamil penderita diabetes gestasional sudah dilakukan
pemeriksaan laboratorium, kelompok kontrol ibu hamil bukan penderita diabetes
akan melahirkan di RS yang sama. Dilakukan pencatatan data usia gestasi, berat
badan lahir, kelainan bawaan yang dijumpai, dan hasil ekokardiografi untuk
mendiagnosis adanya PJB.
Hasil Dari 20 ibu DM gestasional dan 37 tanpa DM gestasional mengikuti penelitian
ini, dijumpai 10% (2 kasus) bayi lahir dari ibu DM gestasional menderita PJB.
Kelompok ibu tanpa DM gestasional, tidak dijumpai adanya bayi dengan PJB. Tidak
terdapat hubungan signifikan antara ibu penderita DM gestasional dengan terjadinya
PJB (P: 0.05). Hubungan antara DM gestasional pada ibu dengan terjadinya
kardiomiopati juga tidak terbukti (P: 0.351).
Kesimpulan Ibu yang menderita DM gestasional tidak mempunyai hubungan
signifikan terjadinya PJB pada bayi baru lahir. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara ibu
menderita DM gestasional dengan terjadinya kardiomiopati pada bayi yang
dilahirkan.
Kata kunci :
Diabetes gestasional, penyakit jantung bawaan, kardiomiopati
13
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Background Approximately 90% of congenital heart disease (CHD) caused by
multifactorial, one of which is maternal factor. Gestational diabetes can affect
cardiovascular system by increasing risk of TGA, cardiomyopathy, septal and valves
defects.
Objectives To determine relationship between gestational diabetes with
cardiovascular abnormalities in newborn and other variables that might affect the
occurence of cardiovascular abnormalities in newborns.
Methods We conducted cross-sectional study in several practices of obstetrics and
gynecology specialist and hospitals in Medan during October 2012 until June 2013.
Groups of cases was pregnant women who have gestational diabetes confirmed by
laboratory examination, control group was pregnant women who were not diabetic
but would give birth at the same hospital with cases. Infant data from both groups
recorded, include gestational age, birthweight, whether any congenital abnormalities
found, and results of echocardiography.
Results We enrolled 20 pregnant women gestational diabetic and 37 pregnant
women without diabetic in this study. We found 10% (2 cases) babies with CHD born
to diabetic mothers while in the non-DM group, there was no case of infant with
CHD. There was no significant association between gestational diabetes mellitus
with occurrence of CHD (P:0.05). There was no relationship between gestational
diabetes mellitus with occurence of cardiomyopathy shown in this study (P:0.351).
Conclusion This study suggests that women with gestational diabetes have no
significant relationship to occurrence of congenital heart disease in newborn. In
addition it was found that there was no correlation between gestational diabetes
mellitus with occurrence of cardiomyopathy in newborn
Keywords: gestational diabetes, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy
14
Universitas Sumatera Utara