Faktor Risiko Kejadian Hipertensi Sistolik Terisolasi pada Lansia di Kecamatan Penanggalan Kota Subulussalam Aceh Tahun 2014
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abramson, J., Berger, A., Krumholz, H.M., Vaccarino, V., 2001. Depression and
Risk Of Heart Failure Among Older Persons With Isolated Systolic
Hypertension. Arch Intern Med, 161(7):1725-1730.
Akhmadi., 2009. Aging process. http://www.rajawana.com/artikel/kesehatan. diakses
7 Nopember 2013.
Arief I, 2007, Hipertensi Penyebab Utama Penyakit Jantung, Gramedia Pustaka
Utama, Jakarta.
Armilawati, Amalia, H., Amiruddin, R., 2008. Hipertensi & Faktor Risikonya dalam
Kajian Epidemiologi. bagian Epidemiologi FKM UNHAS.
Bacon, S.L., Sherwood, A., Hinderliter, A., Blumenthal, J.A., 2004. Effects Of
Exercise, Diet And Weight Loss On High Blood Pressure. Sport Med, 34
(5):307-316.
Bakri, S. & Ariadnyana, I.B., 1991. Pengobatan Non FarmakologiK Pada Hipertensi.
Medika. No.1, pp. 43-52.
Beevers, D.G., 2002. Seri Kesehatan Bimbingan Dokter Pada Penyakit Darah Tinggi.
Jakarta: Dian Rakyat.
Bowman, S.T., 2007. Clinical Research Hypertension. A Prospective Study of
Cigarette Smokey And Risk of Inciden Hypertension In Bringham And Women
Hospita. Massachucetts:1-3.
Brooks, C.B. & Baster, T., 2005. Exercise and Hypertension. Australia Family
Physician. 34 (6):419-424.
Budistio M., 2001. Pencegahan dan Pengobatan Hipertensi pada Pasien Usia Dewasa,
Jurnal Kedokteran Trisakti Vol.20 No 2.
Boedhi-Darmojo. R., 1997. Community Survey of Hypertension in Semarang,
Semarang: 15-19.
Bulpit C., Rajkumar, C. & Beckett, N., 1999. Hypertension And The Elderly.
Published by Science Press Ltd. London.
88
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Bustan, N.M., 2007. Epidemiologi Penyakit Tidak Menular.PT.Rineka Cipta, Jakarta.
Chobanian, A.V., 2007. Isolated Systolic Hypertension In The Elderly, Clinical
Practice. The England Journal of Medicine, 375 (8):789-796.
Chobanian, A.V., Bakris, G.L., Black, H.R., 2003. The Seventh Report of Joint
National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of
High Blood Pressure. American Heart Association.inc. [Internet], Available:
http://www.jama.com. Diakses 25 Nopember 2013.
Chou, P., Chen, C.H., Chen, H.H., Chang, M.S., 1991. Epidemiology of Isolated
Systolic Hypertension in Pu-Li. Taiwan. Int J Cardiol. ;35(2):219-226.
Ciuffetti, G., Schillaci, G., Lombardini, R., Pirro, M., Vaudo, G., Mannarino, E.,
2005. Plasma Viscosity in Isolated Systolic Hypertension. The Role of Pulse
Pressure.American Journal of Hypertension, Volume18,Issue7,1005-1008.
Depkes RI., 1998. Pedoman Pembinaan Kesehatan Usia Lanjut bagi Petugas
Kesehatan Materi Pembinaan II. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan RI.
_____ , 2003. Pedoman Tata Laksana Gizi Usia Lanjut Untuk Petugas Kesehatan.
Jakarta : Direktorat Gizi Masyarakat, Ditjen binkesmas.
_____ , 2006. Pedoman Teknis Penemuan dan Tata Laksana Penyakit Hipertensi.
Jakarta: Direktorat Pengendalian Penyakit Tidak Menular Depkes RI.
_____ , 2008 Pedoman Teknis Penemuan Dan Tata Laksana Hipertensi. Direktorat
Pengendalian penyakit Tidak Menular.
_____ , 2008. Riset kesehatan Dasar, laporan Nasional 2007. Badan Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Kesehatan. Jakarta.
Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Aceh., 2013. Sistim Laporan Terpadu Surveilans. Bidang
P2P.
Dinas Kesehatan Kota Subulussalam., 2013. Sistim Laporan Terpadu Surveilans.
Bidang Pengendalian Masalah Kesehatan.
Dipiro., Robert L., Talbert., Gary C., Yee., Barbara G., Wellsl., 2005. The National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI).
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ettinger, W.H., Burns, R., Messier, S.P., Appelgate, W., 1997. A Randomized Trial
Comparing Aerobic Exercise and Resistance Exercise With a Health
Education Program in Older Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis. The Fitness
Arthritis and Seniors Trial (FAST). JAMA. (277): 25–31.
Puskesmas Penanggalan. 2013. Sistim Laporan Terpadu Surveilans. Bagian
Penanggulangan Penyakit Menular.
Dorlan’s Pocket Medical Dictionary., 1995. 25nd ed. W.B., saunders Company,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Elliott, R.J., McGrath, L.T., 1994. Calcification of The Human Thoracic Aorta
During Aging. Calcif. Tissue Int.; (54):268–273.
Ferketich., 2000. Links Among Depression, Race, Hypertension, and the Heart. USA:
J Clin Hypertens 2(6) Le Jacq Communications; 410-412.
Franklin, S.S., Jacobs, M.J., Wong, N.D., L’Italien, G.J., Lapuerta, P., 2001.
Predominance of Isolated Systolic Hypertension Among Middle-Aged and
Elderly US Hypertensives. Analysis based on National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (NHANES) III. Hypertension; (37): 869–874.
Franklin, S.S., Pio, J.R., Wong, N.D., Larson, M.G., Leip, E.P., Vasan, R.S., 2005
Predictors of New-Onset Diastolic and Systolic Hypertension: The
Framingham Heart Study. Circulation Journal Of American Assocition.
(3):1121-1127.
Gil, K., Overdorf, V., 1994. Incentives For Exercise in Younger and Older Women.
J. Sports Behav. (17): 87–97.
Gray, H., 2005. Kardiologi Edisi IV. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Gunawan. L., 2005. Hipertensi. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius; 9-19.
Gupta, R. & Kasliwal, R.R.., 2004. Understanding Systolic Hypertension in the
Elderly. Review Article, JAPI,52(6):479-485.
Hasirungan, Jefri. 2002. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Hipetensi pada
Lansia Di Kota Depok Tahun 2002. Depok: FKM UI, Tesis.
Hendromartono., 2002. Obesitas sebagai faktor Risiko Penyakit Kardiovaskuler.
Majalah Kedokteran Udayana; 33(116): 91-96
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Hull-Alison.,1996. Penyakit Jantung, Hipertensi, dan Nutrisi. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara,
1996; 18,29.
Holmes, R., Rahe, R.H., 1967. The Social Readjustment Rating Scale. [Internet],
Available: http:// www. cop. ufl. edu/ safezone/ doty/ dotyhome/ wellness/
HolRah.htm. (Acessed 27 Nopember 2013).
Homma, S., Hirose, N., Ishida, H., Ishii, T., Araki, G., 2001. Carotid Plaque and
Intima-Media Thickness Assessed by b-mode Ultrasonography in Subjects
Ranging From Young Adults to Centenarians. Stroke; (32): 830–835.
Joffres, M.R., Hamet, P., MacLean, D.R., L’italien, G.J., Fodor, G., 2001.
Distribution of Blood Pressure and Hypertension in Canada and the United
States. Am. J. Hypertens; 14 (11 Part 1): 1099–1105.
Jones, P.P., Christou, D.D., Jordan, J., Seals, D.R., 2003. Baroreflex Buffering is
Reduced With Age in Healthymen. Circulation;(107):1770–1774.
Kaplan, N.M., 2006. Kaplan’s Clinical Hypertension. 9th Edition. Department of
Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas,
Texas
Kearney Patricia M, Whelton Megan, Reynolds Kristi., Global Burden of
Hypertension: Analysis of Worldwide Data. New Orleans: The Lancet, 2002;
217, 221-222.
Kemalasari., 2007. Hipertensi Pada Usia Lanjut. In: Sudoyo, A.W.,Setyohadi
B.,Alwi I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati S. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid III,
Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI,
Jakarta:1451-1453.
Krummel DA., 2004. Food, Nutrition and Diet Therapy. Medical Nutrition Therapy
in Hypertension. Di dalam: Mahan LK dan Escott-Stump S, editor. 2004.
USA: Saunders co. hlm. 900-918.
Kuswardhani, R.A.T., 2006. Penatalaksanaan Hipertensi Pada Usia Lanjut. Divisi
Geriatri Bagian Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UNUD, RSUP Sanglah,
Denpasar.
Lakatta, E.C., 1993. Cardiovascular Regulatory Mechanisms in Advanced age.
Physiol. Rev.; (73):413–417.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lemeshow, Stanley, J.r,. Hosmer, David, W., Klar Janelle & Lwanga, Stepher, K.
(1997) Besaran Sampel Dalam Penelitian Kesehatan.Terjemahan
Pramono.D,Gadjah Mada University Press.Yogyakarta.
Langille, D.B., Joffres, M.R., MacPherson, K.M., Andreou, P., Kirkland, S.A.,
MacLean, D.R., 1999. Prevalence of risk faktors for cardiovascular disease in
Canadians 55–74 years of age. Results from the Canadian Heart Health
Surveys, 1986–1991. CMAJ ; 161 (Supplement 8): S3–S9.
Lam Murni BR Sagala., 2011. Perawatan Penderita Hipertensi di Rumah oleh
Keluarga Suku Batak dan Suku Jawa di Kelurahan Lau Cimba Kabanjahe.
FKM-USU. Tesis.
Lumban Tobing., 2008. Tekanan Darah Tinggi, FKUI, Jakarta
Mackey, R.H., Sutton-Tyrell, K., Vaitkevicius, P.V., 2002. Correlates of Aortic
Stiffness in Elderly Individuals. A subgroup of the Cardiovascular Health
Study. Am. J. Hypertens; (15):16–23.
Mahan, L.K., Stump, S.E., 2004. Krause’s. Food, Nutrition & Diet Therapy.
Philadelphia London New York: W.B.Saunders Company.
Mansjoer. A, 2001. Kapita Selekta Kedokteran Jilid I : Nefrologi dan Hipertensi.
Jakarta: Media Aesculapius FKUI; p: 519-520.
Maryam, S.T., Ekasari, F.M., Jubaedi, A., Batubara, I., Rosidawati., 2008. Mengenal
usia lanjut dan Perawatannya, Penerbit salemba medika, Jakarta.
Midha, T., Idris, M.Z., Saran R.K., Srivastava, A.K., Singh, S.K, 2010. Isolated
Systolic Hypertension and its Determinants - A Cross- Sectional Study in The
Adult Population of Lucknow District in North India. Indian Journal of
Community Medicine. Original Article;35(11):89-93.
Mien A, Rifai., 1998. Widya Pangan dan gizi VI, LIPI, Jakarta.
Mizwar., 2004. Faktor-Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Hipertensi Essensial di Kabupaten
Klaten. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Murti, B., 2003. Desain dan Ukuran Sampel untuk Penelitian Kuantitatif dan
Kualitatif di Bidang Kesehatan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Nurkhalida., 2003. Warta Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jakarta: Depkes RI; 19-21.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pannarele, G., 2008. Optimal Drug Treatment Of Systolic Hypertension In The
Elderly, Departement of cardiovascular, Respiratory and Mprphological
Science, Sapienza University,Rome. Italy, Adis data information BV. 25(1):18.
Passierski, T., Pearson, A.C. & Labovits, J., 1991. Pathophysiology of Isolated
Systolic Hypertension In Elderly Patients: Doppler Echocardiographic
Insights, From The Departement of Internal Medicine,Division of Cardiology.
The Ohio Stated University Hospital and The Departement of Internal
Medicine,Division of Cardiology, St. Louis School of Medicine, (2):528-534.
Pickering, T.G., Coats, A., Mallion, J.M., Mancia, G., Verdecchia, P, 1999. Task
force V: White-coat Hypertension. Blood Pressure Monitor ;333-41.
Rahajeng. E, Tuminah. S., 2009. Prevalensi Hipertensi dan Determinannya di
Indonesia; Maj Kedokt Indon, Volum: 59, Nomor: 12, Desember 2009; Pusat
Penelitian Biomedis dan Farmasi Badan Penelitian Kesehatan Departemen
Kesehatan RI, Jakarta
Raymon, S.G., Stephen, R.D., John, W.E., John,R.B., Flanders, W.D., 1999. Medical
Epidemiology; Large Medical Books/Mc Graw Hill Medical; Publishing
Division New Yarks; 135
Riyadi, A., 2006. Asupan Gizi dan Status Gizi Sebagai Faktor Risiko Hipertensi
Esensial Pada Lansia Di Puskesmas Curup Dan Perumnas Kabupaten Rejang
Lebong Provinsi Bengkulu. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Rocha, E., Mello, S.A., Gouvela-Oliveira, A., Nogueira, P., 2003. Isolated Systolic
Hypertension-Epidemiology and Impact in Clinical Practice. Rev. Port.
Cardiol ; 22: 7–23.
Roslina. 2008, Analisa determinan hipertensi esensial Di wilayah kerja tiga
puskesmas Kabupaten deli serdang, Medan: FKM-USU, Tesis
Safar H., Chahwakilian, A., Boudali, Y., Meignan, S.D., Safar. M. & Blacher, J.,
2006. Arterial Stiffness, Isolated Systolic Hypertension, and Cardiovascular
Risk in the Elderly. Review Paper.CME, The American Journal of Geriatric
Cardiology.15;3:178-182.
Schlaich, M.P., Lambert, E., Kaye, D.M., 2004. Sympathetic Augmentation in
Hypertension. Role of Nerve Firing, Norepinephrine Reuptake and
Angiotensin Neuromodulation. Hypertension;(43):169–175.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Setiati, S., Harimurti, K., Roosheroe, G.A., 2007. Proses Menua Dan Implikasi
Kliniknya. In: Sudoyo A.W.,Setyohadi B.,Alwi I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati
S. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid III, Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu
Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI, Jakarta:1335-1340.
Sidabutar,R.P., 1996. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid II. Balai Penerbit FKUI, Jakarta.
Sheps., Sheldon G., 2005. Mayo Clinic Hipertensi, Mengatasi Tekanan Darah Tinggi.
Jakarta: PT Intisari Mediatama; 26,158.
Smet Bart., 1994. Psikologi Kesehatan. Jakarta: PT Gramedia; 112.
Sidang, I.N., 2006. Pengaruh olahraga terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada
penderita Hipertensi di Klub Jantung Sehat Bhumi Phala Kabupaten
Temanggung. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Simposia., 2007. Ancaman Serius Hipertensi di Indonesia. Majalah Farmacia. Vol.6
No.7 http://www.majalah-farmacia.com/rubrik/one_news.asp? IDNews= 256
Smet, Bart. 1994. Psikologi Kesehatan. Jakarta: PT Gramedia.
Soejono, C.H., Probosuseno, Kemalasari, N, 2007. Depresi Pada Usia Lanjut. In:
Sudoyo, A.W.,Setyohadi B.,Alwi I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati S. Ilmu Penyakit
Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid III, Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam
Fakultas Kedokteran UI, Jakarta:1451-1453.
Staessen J.A., Gasowski, J., Wang, J.G., 2000. Risk of Untreated and Treated
Isolated Systolic Hypertension in Elderly. Meta-analysis of Outcome Trials.
Lancet;355:865-872
Staffileno, B.A., Braun, L.T., Rosenson, R.S, 2001. The accumulative effects of
physical activity in hypertensive postmenopausal women. J. Cardiovasc. Risk
; (8): 283–290.
Suarthana E, Tarigan IFA, Kaligis MF, Sandra A, Purwanta D, dan Hadi S., 2001.
Prevalensi Hipertensi Pada Ibu Rumah Tangga dan Faktor-faktor Gizi yang
berhubungan di Kelurahan Utan Kayu Jakarta Timur. Majalah Kedokteran
Indonesia; 15: 158-163. 26
Sugiharto. A., 2007. Faktor-faktor risiko hipertensi grade II Pada masyarakat (studi
kasus di kabupaten karanganyar), Semarang: FKM-UNDIP, Tesis.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Suhardjono., 2007. Hipertensi Pada Usia Lanjut. In: Sudoyo, A.W.,Setyohadi B.,Alwi
I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati S. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid III, Pusat
Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI,
Jakarta:1451-1453.
Supariasa, et.al., 2001. Penilaian Status Gizi. Jakarta: EGC
Susalit, E., Kapojos, E.J., Lubis, H.R.., 2001. Hipertensi Primer. In: Suyono S. Ilmu
Penyakit Dalam: Edisi III, Jilid II, Balai Penerbit FKUI, Jakarta: 453-472.
Susalit,E. Kapojos.J.E,Lubis.H.R., 2001, Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam II,Balai
Penerbit FKUI.Jakarta.
Sustrani L., 2006. Hipertensi. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Suyono. S., 2001. Buku Ajar Penyakit Dalam Jilid II. FKUI, Jakarta: Balai Pustaka;
253, 454-459,463-464.
Tanaka, H., Dinenno, F.A., Hunt, B.E., Jones, P.P., DeSouza, C.A., Seals, D.R.,
1998. Hemodynamic Sequelae of Age-Related Increases in Arterial Stiffness
in Healthy Women. Am. J. Cardiol.; (82):1152– 1155, A10.
Tara,E.Soetrisno., 1999. Buku Pintar Terapi dan hipertensi,Restu Agung, Jakarta.
Tjay, T.H. & Rahardja, K., 2002. Obat-Obat Penting; Khasiat, Penggunaan, dan
Efek-Efek Sampingnya. Edisi Kelima. Cetakan Kedua. Penerbit PT Elex
Media Komputindo. Jakarta. Hal. 509-510.
Tyson, S.R., 1999. Gerontologi nursing care. Philadelphia: WB. Saunders Campany.
Vardan, S. & Mookherjee, S., 2000. Perspectives on Isolated Systolic Hypertension in
Elderly Patients. Department of Medicene, Veterans Affairs Medical Center
and Health Science Center, State University of New York at Syracuse. Special
Article, Arch Fam Med 9(4):319-323.
Wee, H.L., Cheung, Y.B., Loke, W.C., Tan, C.B., Chow, M.H., Li, S.C., 2008. The
Association of Body Mass Index with Health-Related Quality of Life: An
Exploratory Study in a Multiethnic Asian Population. International Society for
Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR), 2 ; (Supplement 1);
S105-S114.
WHO., 2000. Pengendalian Hipertensi Laporan Komisi Pakar WHO, Penerjemah
Prof. Dr. Kosasih Padmawinata, Penerbit ITB.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
WHO., 2004. Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health, The World health
report, Geneva.
WHO/SEARO., 2005. Surveillance of major non-communicable diseases in South–
East Asia region. Report of an inter-country consultation. Geneva.
Wilking, S.V.B., Belanger, A., William, B., Kannel, Ralph, B,. D’Agostino, R.B. &
Steel, K., 1988. Determinants of Isolated Systolic Hypertension. From The
Geriatrics Section And The Section of Preventive
Medicine
And
Epidemiology, Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research and The
Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Boston University Medical
Center and The Department of Mathematics, Boston University. JAMA
260;23(12):3451-3455.
Xu, C., Sun, Z., Zheng, L., Zhang, D., Li, J., Zhang, X., 2008. Prevalence of Risk
Faktors For Isolated Systolic Hypertension In The Rural Adult Population Of
Liaoning Province, China. The Journal Of International Medical
Research:36:353-355.
Yahya. 2005., Sebelum Jantung Anda Berhenti Berdetak. Bandung: Kaifa
Yogiantoro, M., 2006. Hipertensi Esensial. In: Sudoyo A.W., Setyohadi B., Alwi
I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati S. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid I, Pusat
Penerbitan Depatemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI,
Jakarta:599-603.
Yuliarti, Dwiretno. 2007. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Hipetensi Pada
Usia Lanjut Di Posbindu Kota Bogor Tahun 2007. Depok: FKM UI, Tesis.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Abramson, J., Berger, A., Krumholz, H.M., Vaccarino, V., 2001. Depression and
Risk Of Heart Failure Among Older Persons With Isolated Systolic
Hypertension. Arch Intern Med, 161(7):1725-1730.
Akhmadi., 2009. Aging process. http://www.rajawana.com/artikel/kesehatan. diakses
7 Nopember 2013.
Arief I, 2007, Hipertensi Penyebab Utama Penyakit Jantung, Gramedia Pustaka
Utama, Jakarta.
Armilawati, Amalia, H., Amiruddin, R., 2008. Hipertensi & Faktor Risikonya dalam
Kajian Epidemiologi. bagian Epidemiologi FKM UNHAS.
Bacon, S.L., Sherwood, A., Hinderliter, A., Blumenthal, J.A., 2004. Effects Of
Exercise, Diet And Weight Loss On High Blood Pressure. Sport Med, 34
(5):307-316.
Bakri, S. & Ariadnyana, I.B., 1991. Pengobatan Non FarmakologiK Pada Hipertensi.
Medika. No.1, pp. 43-52.
Beevers, D.G., 2002. Seri Kesehatan Bimbingan Dokter Pada Penyakit Darah Tinggi.
Jakarta: Dian Rakyat.
Bowman, S.T., 2007. Clinical Research Hypertension. A Prospective Study of
Cigarette Smokey And Risk of Inciden Hypertension In Bringham And Women
Hospita. Massachucetts:1-3.
Brooks, C.B. & Baster, T., 2005. Exercise and Hypertension. Australia Family
Physician. 34 (6):419-424.
Budistio M., 2001. Pencegahan dan Pengobatan Hipertensi pada Pasien Usia Dewasa,
Jurnal Kedokteran Trisakti Vol.20 No 2.
Boedhi-Darmojo. R., 1997. Community Survey of Hypertension in Semarang,
Semarang: 15-19.
Bulpit C., Rajkumar, C. & Beckett, N., 1999. Hypertension And The Elderly.
Published by Science Press Ltd. London.
88
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Bustan, N.M., 2007. Epidemiologi Penyakit Tidak Menular.PT.Rineka Cipta, Jakarta.
Chobanian, A.V., 2007. Isolated Systolic Hypertension In The Elderly, Clinical
Practice. The England Journal of Medicine, 375 (8):789-796.
Chobanian, A.V., Bakris, G.L., Black, H.R., 2003. The Seventh Report of Joint
National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of
High Blood Pressure. American Heart Association.inc. [Internet], Available:
http://www.jama.com. Diakses 25 Nopember 2013.
Chou, P., Chen, C.H., Chen, H.H., Chang, M.S., 1991. Epidemiology of Isolated
Systolic Hypertension in Pu-Li. Taiwan. Int J Cardiol. ;35(2):219-226.
Ciuffetti, G., Schillaci, G., Lombardini, R., Pirro, M., Vaudo, G., Mannarino, E.,
2005. Plasma Viscosity in Isolated Systolic Hypertension. The Role of Pulse
Pressure.American Journal of Hypertension, Volume18,Issue7,1005-1008.
Depkes RI., 1998. Pedoman Pembinaan Kesehatan Usia Lanjut bagi Petugas
Kesehatan Materi Pembinaan II. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan RI.
_____ , 2003. Pedoman Tata Laksana Gizi Usia Lanjut Untuk Petugas Kesehatan.
Jakarta : Direktorat Gizi Masyarakat, Ditjen binkesmas.
_____ , 2006. Pedoman Teknis Penemuan dan Tata Laksana Penyakit Hipertensi.
Jakarta: Direktorat Pengendalian Penyakit Tidak Menular Depkes RI.
_____ , 2008 Pedoman Teknis Penemuan Dan Tata Laksana Hipertensi. Direktorat
Pengendalian penyakit Tidak Menular.
_____ , 2008. Riset kesehatan Dasar, laporan Nasional 2007. Badan Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Kesehatan. Jakarta.
Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Aceh., 2013. Sistim Laporan Terpadu Surveilans. Bidang
P2P.
Dinas Kesehatan Kota Subulussalam., 2013. Sistim Laporan Terpadu Surveilans.
Bidang Pengendalian Masalah Kesehatan.
Dipiro., Robert L., Talbert., Gary C., Yee., Barbara G., Wellsl., 2005. The National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI).
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ettinger, W.H., Burns, R., Messier, S.P., Appelgate, W., 1997. A Randomized Trial
Comparing Aerobic Exercise and Resistance Exercise With a Health
Education Program in Older Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis. The Fitness
Arthritis and Seniors Trial (FAST). JAMA. (277): 25–31.
Puskesmas Penanggalan. 2013. Sistim Laporan Terpadu Surveilans. Bagian
Penanggulangan Penyakit Menular.
Dorlan’s Pocket Medical Dictionary., 1995. 25nd ed. W.B., saunders Company,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Elliott, R.J., McGrath, L.T., 1994. Calcification of The Human Thoracic Aorta
During Aging. Calcif. Tissue Int.; (54):268–273.
Ferketich., 2000. Links Among Depression, Race, Hypertension, and the Heart. USA:
J Clin Hypertens 2(6) Le Jacq Communications; 410-412.
Franklin, S.S., Jacobs, M.J., Wong, N.D., L’Italien, G.J., Lapuerta, P., 2001.
Predominance of Isolated Systolic Hypertension Among Middle-Aged and
Elderly US Hypertensives. Analysis based on National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (NHANES) III. Hypertension; (37): 869–874.
Franklin, S.S., Pio, J.R., Wong, N.D., Larson, M.G., Leip, E.P., Vasan, R.S., 2005
Predictors of New-Onset Diastolic and Systolic Hypertension: The
Framingham Heart Study. Circulation Journal Of American Assocition.
(3):1121-1127.
Gil, K., Overdorf, V., 1994. Incentives For Exercise in Younger and Older Women.
J. Sports Behav. (17): 87–97.
Gray, H., 2005. Kardiologi Edisi IV. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Gunawan. L., 2005. Hipertensi. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius; 9-19.
Gupta, R. & Kasliwal, R.R.., 2004. Understanding Systolic Hypertension in the
Elderly. Review Article, JAPI,52(6):479-485.
Hasirungan, Jefri. 2002. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Hipetensi pada
Lansia Di Kota Depok Tahun 2002. Depok: FKM UI, Tesis.
Hendromartono., 2002. Obesitas sebagai faktor Risiko Penyakit Kardiovaskuler.
Majalah Kedokteran Udayana; 33(116): 91-96
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Hull-Alison.,1996. Penyakit Jantung, Hipertensi, dan Nutrisi. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara,
1996; 18,29.
Holmes, R., Rahe, R.H., 1967. The Social Readjustment Rating Scale. [Internet],
Available: http:// www. cop. ufl. edu/ safezone/ doty/ dotyhome/ wellness/
HolRah.htm. (Acessed 27 Nopember 2013).
Homma, S., Hirose, N., Ishida, H., Ishii, T., Araki, G., 2001. Carotid Plaque and
Intima-Media Thickness Assessed by b-mode Ultrasonography in Subjects
Ranging From Young Adults to Centenarians. Stroke; (32): 830–835.
Joffres, M.R., Hamet, P., MacLean, D.R., L’italien, G.J., Fodor, G., 2001.
Distribution of Blood Pressure and Hypertension in Canada and the United
States. Am. J. Hypertens; 14 (11 Part 1): 1099–1105.
Jones, P.P., Christou, D.D., Jordan, J., Seals, D.R., 2003. Baroreflex Buffering is
Reduced With Age in Healthymen. Circulation;(107):1770–1774.
Kaplan, N.M., 2006. Kaplan’s Clinical Hypertension. 9th Edition. Department of
Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas,
Texas
Kearney Patricia M, Whelton Megan, Reynolds Kristi., Global Burden of
Hypertension: Analysis of Worldwide Data. New Orleans: The Lancet, 2002;
217, 221-222.
Kemalasari., 2007. Hipertensi Pada Usia Lanjut. In: Sudoyo, A.W.,Setyohadi
B.,Alwi I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati S. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid III,
Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI,
Jakarta:1451-1453.
Krummel DA., 2004. Food, Nutrition and Diet Therapy. Medical Nutrition Therapy
in Hypertension. Di dalam: Mahan LK dan Escott-Stump S, editor. 2004.
USA: Saunders co. hlm. 900-918.
Kuswardhani, R.A.T., 2006. Penatalaksanaan Hipertensi Pada Usia Lanjut. Divisi
Geriatri Bagian Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UNUD, RSUP Sanglah,
Denpasar.
Lakatta, E.C., 1993. Cardiovascular Regulatory Mechanisms in Advanced age.
Physiol. Rev.; (73):413–417.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lemeshow, Stanley, J.r,. Hosmer, David, W., Klar Janelle & Lwanga, Stepher, K.
(1997) Besaran Sampel Dalam Penelitian Kesehatan.Terjemahan
Pramono.D,Gadjah Mada University Press.Yogyakarta.
Langille, D.B., Joffres, M.R., MacPherson, K.M., Andreou, P., Kirkland, S.A.,
MacLean, D.R., 1999. Prevalence of risk faktors for cardiovascular disease in
Canadians 55–74 years of age. Results from the Canadian Heart Health
Surveys, 1986–1991. CMAJ ; 161 (Supplement 8): S3–S9.
Lam Murni BR Sagala., 2011. Perawatan Penderita Hipertensi di Rumah oleh
Keluarga Suku Batak dan Suku Jawa di Kelurahan Lau Cimba Kabanjahe.
FKM-USU. Tesis.
Lumban Tobing., 2008. Tekanan Darah Tinggi, FKUI, Jakarta
Mackey, R.H., Sutton-Tyrell, K., Vaitkevicius, P.V., 2002. Correlates of Aortic
Stiffness in Elderly Individuals. A subgroup of the Cardiovascular Health
Study. Am. J. Hypertens; (15):16–23.
Mahan, L.K., Stump, S.E., 2004. Krause’s. Food, Nutrition & Diet Therapy.
Philadelphia London New York: W.B.Saunders Company.
Mansjoer. A, 2001. Kapita Selekta Kedokteran Jilid I : Nefrologi dan Hipertensi.
Jakarta: Media Aesculapius FKUI; p: 519-520.
Maryam, S.T., Ekasari, F.M., Jubaedi, A., Batubara, I., Rosidawati., 2008. Mengenal
usia lanjut dan Perawatannya, Penerbit salemba medika, Jakarta.
Midha, T., Idris, M.Z., Saran R.K., Srivastava, A.K., Singh, S.K, 2010. Isolated
Systolic Hypertension and its Determinants - A Cross- Sectional Study in The
Adult Population of Lucknow District in North India. Indian Journal of
Community Medicine. Original Article;35(11):89-93.
Mien A, Rifai., 1998. Widya Pangan dan gizi VI, LIPI, Jakarta.
Mizwar., 2004. Faktor-Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Hipertensi Essensial di Kabupaten
Klaten. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Murti, B., 2003. Desain dan Ukuran Sampel untuk Penelitian Kuantitatif dan
Kualitatif di Bidang Kesehatan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Nurkhalida., 2003. Warta Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jakarta: Depkes RI; 19-21.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pannarele, G., 2008. Optimal Drug Treatment Of Systolic Hypertension In The
Elderly, Departement of cardiovascular, Respiratory and Mprphological
Science, Sapienza University,Rome. Italy, Adis data information BV. 25(1):18.
Passierski, T., Pearson, A.C. & Labovits, J., 1991. Pathophysiology of Isolated
Systolic Hypertension In Elderly Patients: Doppler Echocardiographic
Insights, From The Departement of Internal Medicine,Division of Cardiology.
The Ohio Stated University Hospital and The Departement of Internal
Medicine,Division of Cardiology, St. Louis School of Medicine, (2):528-534.
Pickering, T.G., Coats, A., Mallion, J.M., Mancia, G., Verdecchia, P, 1999. Task
force V: White-coat Hypertension. Blood Pressure Monitor ;333-41.
Rahajeng. E, Tuminah. S., 2009. Prevalensi Hipertensi dan Determinannya di
Indonesia; Maj Kedokt Indon, Volum: 59, Nomor: 12, Desember 2009; Pusat
Penelitian Biomedis dan Farmasi Badan Penelitian Kesehatan Departemen
Kesehatan RI, Jakarta
Raymon, S.G., Stephen, R.D., John, W.E., John,R.B., Flanders, W.D., 1999. Medical
Epidemiology; Large Medical Books/Mc Graw Hill Medical; Publishing
Division New Yarks; 135
Riyadi, A., 2006. Asupan Gizi dan Status Gizi Sebagai Faktor Risiko Hipertensi
Esensial Pada Lansia Di Puskesmas Curup Dan Perumnas Kabupaten Rejang
Lebong Provinsi Bengkulu. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Rocha, E., Mello, S.A., Gouvela-Oliveira, A., Nogueira, P., 2003. Isolated Systolic
Hypertension-Epidemiology and Impact in Clinical Practice. Rev. Port.
Cardiol ; 22: 7–23.
Roslina. 2008, Analisa determinan hipertensi esensial Di wilayah kerja tiga
puskesmas Kabupaten deli serdang, Medan: FKM-USU, Tesis
Safar H., Chahwakilian, A., Boudali, Y., Meignan, S.D., Safar. M. & Blacher, J.,
2006. Arterial Stiffness, Isolated Systolic Hypertension, and Cardiovascular
Risk in the Elderly. Review Paper.CME, The American Journal of Geriatric
Cardiology.15;3:178-182.
Schlaich, M.P., Lambert, E., Kaye, D.M., 2004. Sympathetic Augmentation in
Hypertension. Role of Nerve Firing, Norepinephrine Reuptake and
Angiotensin Neuromodulation. Hypertension;(43):169–175.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Setiati, S., Harimurti, K., Roosheroe, G.A., 2007. Proses Menua Dan Implikasi
Kliniknya. In: Sudoyo A.W.,Setyohadi B.,Alwi I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati
S. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid III, Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu
Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI, Jakarta:1335-1340.
Sidabutar,R.P., 1996. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid II. Balai Penerbit FKUI, Jakarta.
Sheps., Sheldon G., 2005. Mayo Clinic Hipertensi, Mengatasi Tekanan Darah Tinggi.
Jakarta: PT Intisari Mediatama; 26,158.
Smet Bart., 1994. Psikologi Kesehatan. Jakarta: PT Gramedia; 112.
Sidang, I.N., 2006. Pengaruh olahraga terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada
penderita Hipertensi di Klub Jantung Sehat Bhumi Phala Kabupaten
Temanggung. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Simposia., 2007. Ancaman Serius Hipertensi di Indonesia. Majalah Farmacia. Vol.6
No.7 http://www.majalah-farmacia.com/rubrik/one_news.asp? IDNews= 256
Smet, Bart. 1994. Psikologi Kesehatan. Jakarta: PT Gramedia.
Soejono, C.H., Probosuseno, Kemalasari, N, 2007. Depresi Pada Usia Lanjut. In:
Sudoyo, A.W.,Setyohadi B.,Alwi I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati S. Ilmu Penyakit
Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid III, Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam
Fakultas Kedokteran UI, Jakarta:1451-1453.
Staessen J.A., Gasowski, J., Wang, J.G., 2000. Risk of Untreated and Treated
Isolated Systolic Hypertension in Elderly. Meta-analysis of Outcome Trials.
Lancet;355:865-872
Staffileno, B.A., Braun, L.T., Rosenson, R.S, 2001. The accumulative effects of
physical activity in hypertensive postmenopausal women. J. Cardiovasc. Risk
; (8): 283–290.
Suarthana E, Tarigan IFA, Kaligis MF, Sandra A, Purwanta D, dan Hadi S., 2001.
Prevalensi Hipertensi Pada Ibu Rumah Tangga dan Faktor-faktor Gizi yang
berhubungan di Kelurahan Utan Kayu Jakarta Timur. Majalah Kedokteran
Indonesia; 15: 158-163. 26
Sugiharto. A., 2007. Faktor-faktor risiko hipertensi grade II Pada masyarakat (studi
kasus di kabupaten karanganyar), Semarang: FKM-UNDIP, Tesis.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Suhardjono., 2007. Hipertensi Pada Usia Lanjut. In: Sudoyo, A.W.,Setyohadi B.,Alwi
I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati S. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid III, Pusat
Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI,
Jakarta:1451-1453.
Supariasa, et.al., 2001. Penilaian Status Gizi. Jakarta: EGC
Susalit, E., Kapojos, E.J., Lubis, H.R.., 2001. Hipertensi Primer. In: Suyono S. Ilmu
Penyakit Dalam: Edisi III, Jilid II, Balai Penerbit FKUI, Jakarta: 453-472.
Susalit,E. Kapojos.J.E,Lubis.H.R., 2001, Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam II,Balai
Penerbit FKUI.Jakarta.
Sustrani L., 2006. Hipertensi. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Suyono. S., 2001. Buku Ajar Penyakit Dalam Jilid II. FKUI, Jakarta: Balai Pustaka;
253, 454-459,463-464.
Tanaka, H., Dinenno, F.A., Hunt, B.E., Jones, P.P., DeSouza, C.A., Seals, D.R.,
1998. Hemodynamic Sequelae of Age-Related Increases in Arterial Stiffness
in Healthy Women. Am. J. Cardiol.; (82):1152– 1155, A10.
Tara,E.Soetrisno., 1999. Buku Pintar Terapi dan hipertensi,Restu Agung, Jakarta.
Tjay, T.H. & Rahardja, K., 2002. Obat-Obat Penting; Khasiat, Penggunaan, dan
Efek-Efek Sampingnya. Edisi Kelima. Cetakan Kedua. Penerbit PT Elex
Media Komputindo. Jakarta. Hal. 509-510.
Tyson, S.R., 1999. Gerontologi nursing care. Philadelphia: WB. Saunders Campany.
Vardan, S. & Mookherjee, S., 2000. Perspectives on Isolated Systolic Hypertension in
Elderly Patients. Department of Medicene, Veterans Affairs Medical Center
and Health Science Center, State University of New York at Syracuse. Special
Article, Arch Fam Med 9(4):319-323.
Wee, H.L., Cheung, Y.B., Loke, W.C., Tan, C.B., Chow, M.H., Li, S.C., 2008. The
Association of Body Mass Index with Health-Related Quality of Life: An
Exploratory Study in a Multiethnic Asian Population. International Society for
Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR), 2 ; (Supplement 1);
S105-S114.
WHO., 2000. Pengendalian Hipertensi Laporan Komisi Pakar WHO, Penerjemah
Prof. Dr. Kosasih Padmawinata, Penerbit ITB.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
WHO., 2004. Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health, The World health
report, Geneva.
WHO/SEARO., 2005. Surveillance of major non-communicable diseases in South–
East Asia region. Report of an inter-country consultation. Geneva.
Wilking, S.V.B., Belanger, A., William, B., Kannel, Ralph, B,. D’Agostino, R.B. &
Steel, K., 1988. Determinants of Isolated Systolic Hypertension. From The
Geriatrics Section And The Section of Preventive
Medicine
And
Epidemiology, Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research and The
Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Boston University Medical
Center and The Department of Mathematics, Boston University. JAMA
260;23(12):3451-3455.
Xu, C., Sun, Z., Zheng, L., Zhang, D., Li, J., Zhang, X., 2008. Prevalence of Risk
Faktors For Isolated Systolic Hypertension In The Rural Adult Population Of
Liaoning Province, China. The Journal Of International Medical
Research:36:353-355.
Yahya. 2005., Sebelum Jantung Anda Berhenti Berdetak. Bandung: Kaifa
Yogiantoro, M., 2006. Hipertensi Esensial. In: Sudoyo A.W., Setyohadi B., Alwi
I.,Simadibrata M., Setiati S. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam: Edisi IV, Jilid I, Pusat
Penerbitan Depatemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI,
Jakarta:599-603.
Yuliarti, Dwiretno. 2007. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Hipetensi Pada
Usia Lanjut Di Posbindu Kota Bogor Tahun 2007. Depok: FKM UI, Tesis.
Universitas Sumatera Utara