Pemodelan Spasial Tingkat Kerawanan Kebakaran Hutan Dan Lahan Di Provinsi Di Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Arianti, I. 2006. Pemodelan tingkat dan zona kerawanan kebakaran hutan dan
lahan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografi di sub DAS Kapuas
Tengah Propinsi Kalimantan Barat.[Tesis].Bogor. Institut Pertanian
Bogor Sekolah Pasca Sarjana.
Aronoff, S. 1997. Geographic Information System: A Management Perpective.
WDL Publications. Ottawa. Canada.
[BAPPEDA] Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera
Utara. 2011. Dokumen Rencana Tata Ruang Provinsi Sumatera Utara
2010-2030. Medan. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera
Utara.
[BAPPENAS-ADB]. 1999. Causes, Extent, Impact and Cost 0f 1997/1998 Fires
and Drought. Finalreport, Annex 1 and 2. Planning for Fire Prevention
and Rought Management Project. Asian Development Bnk TA 2999INO.National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS) and Asian
Development Bank. Jakarta
Booyanuphap, J. 2001. GIS based-method in developing wildfire risk model: A
case study in Sasamba, East Kalimantan, Indonesia [Thesis]. Bogor: Bogor
Agricultural University.Graduated Program. (tidak dipublikasikan)
Brown, A.A. and Davis, K.P. 1973. Forest Fire Control and Use. McGrawHill Company. New York. USA.
Burrough, P.A, 1986. Principles of Geographical Information Systems for Land
Resources Assessment. Clarendon Press. Oxford.
Chandler, C., Cheney, P., Thomas P., Trabaud L, and Williams,D. 1983. Fire
in Forestry Vol. I. Jhon Wiley and Sons. Canada.
Chuvieco E, and Salas F J. 1996. Mapping the Spatial Distribution of Forest Fire
Danger Using GIS. Int. Jour. Geographical Information System. Vol.
10(3), p.333-345.
Darwo. 2009. Prilaku Api dan Sebab Akibat Kebakaran
http://www.p3hka.org/pdf/394_Karo.pdf [10 Mei 2013]
Hutan.
[Dephut] Departemen Kehutanan. 2009. Peraturan Menteri Kehutanan Nomor:
P.12/Menhut-II/2009 tentang Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan. Jakarta.
Departemen Kehutanan
[Dephut] Departemen Kehutanan. 2005. Surat Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan
Nomor: 44/Menhut-II/2005 tentang Penunjukan Kawasan Hutan di
Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Jakarta. Departemen Kehutanan
[Dephut] Departemen Kehutanan.1995. Pedoman Pengendalian Kebakaran
Hutan Dan Lahan. http://www.dephut.go.id/INFORMASI/PROPINSI/ SUMUT/ Pd_Bkr_Hut.html.
[18 Februari 2013]
[Direktorat Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan,Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan
Hutan dan Konservasi Alam]. 2010. Press Release Pelatihan Satuan
Manggala Agni Reaksi Taktis (SMART) dan Pelatihan Pengendalian
Kebakaran Hutan. Departemen Kehutanan.
[Direktorat Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan,Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan
Hutan dan Konservasi Alam]. 2010. Rencana Strategis Direktorat
Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan 2010-2014. Departemen Kehutanan.
de By RA. 2001. Principles of Geographic Information Sistems, An
introductory textbook. ITC. Enschede.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2007. Fire management-global
assessment 2006. A Thematic Study Prepared in the Framework of the Global
Forest Resource Assessment 2005. FAO, Rome.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2000. Legal and institutional
framework for SFM. FAO, http://www.fao.org/forestry/fo/country
/index.jsp?geo_id=82&lang_id=1 [14-07-2013]
[FAO]. Food and Agriculture Organization. 2001. Deforestation continues at a
high rate in tropical areas; FAO calls upon countries to fight forest
crime and corruption. FAO. http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/OIS/
PRESS_NE/ PRESSENG/2001/pren0161.html [10-07-2013]
[FFPMP2] Forest Fire Prevention Management Project 2. 2004. Sistem Deteksi
dan Peringatan Dini. http://ffpmp2.hp.infoseek.co.jp/earlypageindo.htm
[23 April 2013]
[FFPMP] Forest Fire Prevention and Control Project. 1999. Wildfire Occurences
in South Sumatra, Wild Fire Causes and Land Use of Burnt Areas, First
International Workshop on National Guidelines on the Protection of
Forests Againts Fire. Volume 9, hlm: 211-213.ITTO, CFC, MoF, IPB.
Bogor.
Guettouche, Said, M., Derias, Amar, Boutiba, Makhlouf, Bounif, Abdallah, M.,
Guendouz, Mostefa, Boudella, Amar. 2011. A Fire Risk Modelling and
Spatialization by GIS: Application on the Forest of Bouzareah Clump,
Algiers. Journal of Geographic Information System. Volume: 3. Issue: 3
Glover, D and T. Jessup. 2002. Mahalnya Harga Sebuah Bencana; Kerugian
Lingkungan Akibat Kebakaran dan Asap di Indonesia. Penerbit ITB.
Bandung.
Hadi, M. 2006. Pemodelan spasial kerawanan kebakaran di lahan gambut : studi
kasus kabupaten Bengkalis, Propinsi Riau
Hansen, M.C., Potapov, P.V., Turubanova, S., Tyukavina,A., Chini, L., Justice
C. O., Townshend, J.R.G., Moore, R., and Hancher,M. 2013. HighResolution Global Maps of 21st-Century Forest Cover Change. Science.
342: 15.
Harahap A.J. dan Hutagalung, L. 1998. Status tanah gambut di Sumatera Utara
Di dalam Prosiding Seminar Lahan Gambut. Universitas Tanjungpura. hlm
140-152
Hardy, C.C. 2005. Wildland fire hazard and risk: problem, definition, and
context. Forest Ecology and Management 211: 73-82.
Herawati, H. and Santoso,H. 2011. Tropical forest susceptibility to and risk of
fire under changing climate: A review of fire nature, policy and
institutions in Indonesia. Forest Policy and Economics 13: 227-233
Hidayat AD, Kushardono W, Asriningrum, A Zubaedah dan I Effendy. 2003.
Laporan Verifikasi dan Validasi Metode Pemantauan Mitigasi Bencana
Kebakaran Hutan dan Kekeringan. Pusat Pengembangan dan Pemanfaatan
dan Teknologi Penginderaan Jauh-LAPAN. Jakarta
Jaya INS, R Boer and Samsuri. 2007. Developing Fire Risk Index in Central
Kalimantan. International Research Institution and Bogor Agricultural
University. (unpublished)
Kusmana C, BI Setiawan, Istomo, DR Nurrohmat, S Hardjoamidjojo. 2008.
Menumbuhkembangkan Implementasi Hutan Tanaman di Indonesia.
Departemen Silvikultur-Fakultas Kehutanan IPB.
[LAPAN] Lembaga Atariksa dan Penerbangan Nasional. 2004. Model prediksi
dampak el nino/la nina untuk mitigasi bencana kabakaran hutan.
http://lapanrs.com/INOVS/IDE2_/view_doc?doc_id=35 [20 Januari 2013]
Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W.1990. Penginderaan Jauh dan Interpretasi
Citra.UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Martawijaya, A., Kartasujana, I., Kadir, K., dan Prawira, S.A. 1989. Atlas Kayu
Indonesia, Jilid 1. Balai Penelitian Hasil Hutan. Bogor
Murdiyarso and Adiningsih. 2006. Climate anomalies, Indonesian vegetation
fires and terrestrial carbon emissions. Journal Mitigation and Adaptation
Strategies for Global Change, Vol XII, No 1, Januari 2007. Springer
Netherlands.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/p333n657732k0p27/.
[2 December 2012]
Noor, M. 2001. Pertanian Lahan Gambut: Potensi dan Kendala.
Kanisius: Jakarta
Penerbit
[PFFSEA] Project FireFight South East Asia. 2003. Membakar lahan gambut
sama artinya dengan membuat polusi asap. Burning Issues No.7.hlm 3-5.
Purbowaseso.2004.Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan.Rineka Cipta.Jakarta.
Purnama, E.S. 2006. Pemodelan spasial kerawanan kebakaran hutan dan lahan
menggunakan teknologi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan
Penginderaan Jauh: studi kasus di Provinsi Riau. [Tesis]. Bogor: Institut
Pertanian Bogor,Sekolah Pasca Sarjana.
Qadariah, L. dan Wijanarko,S. 2008. Pengelolaan Pengendalian Kebakaran
Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat di Hutan Jati Perum Perhutani. http://elqodar.
multiply.com/journal/item/20. [20 Desember 2012]
Rahayu, B. 1998. Teknologi pengendalian air gambut. Di dalam Prosiding
Seminar Lahan Gambut. Universitas Tanjungpura
Runkel, M. and Bayer, I. 1991. Application of Remote Sensing and
Geographical Information Sistems in Managing Tropical Rainforests and
Conserving Natural Resources in the Asean Region. German Foundation
for International Development. Feldafing.
Saharjo, B.H. and Watanabe, H.,2000. Estimation of litter fall and seed
production of Acacia mangium in a forest plantation in South Sumatra,
Indonesia. Forest Ecology Management. 130 (1–3), 265–268
Soewarso. 2003. Penyusunan pencegahan kebakaran hutan rawa gambut
dengan menggunakan model prediksi [Disertasi]. Bogor: Institut
Pertanian Bogor, Program Pascasarjana,
Solichin,L.Tarigan, P.Kimman, B.Firman, dan R.Bagyono.2007.Pemetaan
Daerah Rawan Kebakaran. http://www.geografi.ums.ac.id [10 Oktober
2012]
Steenis, M.Z., Fogarty, L.G., 2001. Determining Spatial Factors Associated with Fire
Ignition Zones. Hotspot Analyses for East Kalimantan. Berau Forest
Management Project. European Union and Ministry of Forestry and Estate
Crops, Jakarta,Indonesia.
Sumargo, W., Nanggara, S.G., Nainggolan, F.A, dan Apriani, I. 2011. Potret
Keadaan Hutan Indonesia Periode Tahun 2000-2009. Edisi Pertama.
Forest Watch Indonesia. Bogor.
Sunuprapto H. 2000. Forest fire monitoring and damage assesment using
remotely sensed data and geographical information system (A case study
in South Sumatera Indonesia). [Thesis]. Enschede The Netherland:
International Institute for Aero Survey and Earth Science (ITC)
Suratmo FG, EA Husaini dan INS Jaya. 2003. Pengetahuan Dasar
Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan. Fakultas Kehutanan IPB.
Stolle F., Chomoitz, K.M., Lambin,E.F., and Tomich, T.P. 2003. Land use and
vegetation fires in Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. Forest Ecology
and Management 179: 277-292
Syaufina L. 2002. The effect of climate variation on peat swamp forest condition
and peat combustibility. [Doctoral Thesis]. Malaysia: Faculty of Forestry
University Putra Malaysia.
Syaufina L, AA Nuruddin, J Basyarudin, LF See and MRM Yusof. 2004. The
effect of climatic variation on peat swamp forest condition and peat
combustibility. Journal of Tropical Forest Management. Vol X, No.1, 114.
Tacconi,L., 2003. Fires in Indonesia: Causes, Cost and Policy Implications.
CIFOR Occasional Paper No 38. Center for International Forestry
Reseacrh (CIFOR).Bogor
Thoha 2006. Penggunaan penginderaan jauh dan sistem informasi geografis
untuk deteksi dan prediksi kebakaran gambut di Kabupaten Bengkalis
Propinsi Riau. http ://www.repository.usu.ac.id [15 Oktober 2012]
[WI] Wetlands International. 2006. Laporan Akhir (Final Report) Climate
Change, Forest and Peatlands in Indonesia Komponen Kalimantan
Tengah. Wetlands International-Indonesia Program
Widyatmoko,D. dan Zich, F. 1998. The Flora of Bukit Tigapuluh National
Park,Kerumutan Sanctuary and Mahato Protective Research,Riau
Indonesia. Indonesian Botanic Gardens and Yayasan Sosial ChevronTexaco Indonesia.
[the World Bank]. 2001. Indonesia: environment and natural resource
management in a time of transition. The World Bank. Washington D.C.
[WWF] World Wild Foundation. Fire Buletin. End of Year Special (2010)
Edition.Published 28 January 2011. http://m.wwf.or.id/tentang_wwf/
upaya_kami/forest_spesies/resources/firebulletin [19 Februari 2013]
Wybo, J.L., Guarnieri ,F., and Richard, B. 1995. Forest fire danger assessment
methods and decision support. Safety Science 20: 61-70.
Arianti, I. 2006. Pemodelan tingkat dan zona kerawanan kebakaran hutan dan
lahan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografi di sub DAS Kapuas
Tengah Propinsi Kalimantan Barat.[Tesis].Bogor. Institut Pertanian
Bogor Sekolah Pasca Sarjana.
Aronoff, S. 1997. Geographic Information System: A Management Perpective.
WDL Publications. Ottawa. Canada.
[BAPPEDA] Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera
Utara. 2011. Dokumen Rencana Tata Ruang Provinsi Sumatera Utara
2010-2030. Medan. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera
Utara.
[BAPPENAS-ADB]. 1999. Causes, Extent, Impact and Cost 0f 1997/1998 Fires
and Drought. Finalreport, Annex 1 and 2. Planning for Fire Prevention
and Rought Management Project. Asian Development Bnk TA 2999INO.National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS) and Asian
Development Bank. Jakarta
Booyanuphap, J. 2001. GIS based-method in developing wildfire risk model: A
case study in Sasamba, East Kalimantan, Indonesia [Thesis]. Bogor: Bogor
Agricultural University.Graduated Program. (tidak dipublikasikan)
Brown, A.A. and Davis, K.P. 1973. Forest Fire Control and Use. McGrawHill Company. New York. USA.
Burrough, P.A, 1986. Principles of Geographical Information Systems for Land
Resources Assessment. Clarendon Press. Oxford.
Chandler, C., Cheney, P., Thomas P., Trabaud L, and Williams,D. 1983. Fire
in Forestry Vol. I. Jhon Wiley and Sons. Canada.
Chuvieco E, and Salas F J. 1996. Mapping the Spatial Distribution of Forest Fire
Danger Using GIS. Int. Jour. Geographical Information System. Vol.
10(3), p.333-345.
Darwo. 2009. Prilaku Api dan Sebab Akibat Kebakaran
http://www.p3hka.org/pdf/394_Karo.pdf [10 Mei 2013]
Hutan.
[Dephut] Departemen Kehutanan. 2009. Peraturan Menteri Kehutanan Nomor:
P.12/Menhut-II/2009 tentang Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan. Jakarta.
Departemen Kehutanan
[Dephut] Departemen Kehutanan. 2005. Surat Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan
Nomor: 44/Menhut-II/2005 tentang Penunjukan Kawasan Hutan di
Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Jakarta. Departemen Kehutanan
[Dephut] Departemen Kehutanan.1995. Pedoman Pengendalian Kebakaran
Hutan Dan Lahan. http://www.dephut.go.id/INFORMASI/PROPINSI/ SUMUT/ Pd_Bkr_Hut.html.
[18 Februari 2013]
[Direktorat Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan,Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan
Hutan dan Konservasi Alam]. 2010. Press Release Pelatihan Satuan
Manggala Agni Reaksi Taktis (SMART) dan Pelatihan Pengendalian
Kebakaran Hutan. Departemen Kehutanan.
[Direktorat Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan,Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan
Hutan dan Konservasi Alam]. 2010. Rencana Strategis Direktorat
Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan 2010-2014. Departemen Kehutanan.
de By RA. 2001. Principles of Geographic Information Sistems, An
introductory textbook. ITC. Enschede.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2007. Fire management-global
assessment 2006. A Thematic Study Prepared in the Framework of the Global
Forest Resource Assessment 2005. FAO, Rome.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2000. Legal and institutional
framework for SFM. FAO, http://www.fao.org/forestry/fo/country
/index.jsp?geo_id=82&lang_id=1 [14-07-2013]
[FAO]. Food and Agriculture Organization. 2001. Deforestation continues at a
high rate in tropical areas; FAO calls upon countries to fight forest
crime and corruption. FAO. http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/OIS/
PRESS_NE/ PRESSENG/2001/pren0161.html [10-07-2013]
[FFPMP2] Forest Fire Prevention Management Project 2. 2004. Sistem Deteksi
dan Peringatan Dini. http://ffpmp2.hp.infoseek.co.jp/earlypageindo.htm
[23 April 2013]
[FFPMP] Forest Fire Prevention and Control Project. 1999. Wildfire Occurences
in South Sumatra, Wild Fire Causes and Land Use of Burnt Areas, First
International Workshop on National Guidelines on the Protection of
Forests Againts Fire. Volume 9, hlm: 211-213.ITTO, CFC, MoF, IPB.
Bogor.
Guettouche, Said, M., Derias, Amar, Boutiba, Makhlouf, Bounif, Abdallah, M.,
Guendouz, Mostefa, Boudella, Amar. 2011. A Fire Risk Modelling and
Spatialization by GIS: Application on the Forest of Bouzareah Clump,
Algiers. Journal of Geographic Information System. Volume: 3. Issue: 3
Glover, D and T. Jessup. 2002. Mahalnya Harga Sebuah Bencana; Kerugian
Lingkungan Akibat Kebakaran dan Asap di Indonesia. Penerbit ITB.
Bandung.
Hadi, M. 2006. Pemodelan spasial kerawanan kebakaran di lahan gambut : studi
kasus kabupaten Bengkalis, Propinsi Riau
Hansen, M.C., Potapov, P.V., Turubanova, S., Tyukavina,A., Chini, L., Justice
C. O., Townshend, J.R.G., Moore, R., and Hancher,M. 2013. HighResolution Global Maps of 21st-Century Forest Cover Change. Science.
342: 15.
Harahap A.J. dan Hutagalung, L. 1998. Status tanah gambut di Sumatera Utara
Di dalam Prosiding Seminar Lahan Gambut. Universitas Tanjungpura. hlm
140-152
Hardy, C.C. 2005. Wildland fire hazard and risk: problem, definition, and
context. Forest Ecology and Management 211: 73-82.
Herawati, H. and Santoso,H. 2011. Tropical forest susceptibility to and risk of
fire under changing climate: A review of fire nature, policy and
institutions in Indonesia. Forest Policy and Economics 13: 227-233
Hidayat AD, Kushardono W, Asriningrum, A Zubaedah dan I Effendy. 2003.
Laporan Verifikasi dan Validasi Metode Pemantauan Mitigasi Bencana
Kebakaran Hutan dan Kekeringan. Pusat Pengembangan dan Pemanfaatan
dan Teknologi Penginderaan Jauh-LAPAN. Jakarta
Jaya INS, R Boer and Samsuri. 2007. Developing Fire Risk Index in Central
Kalimantan. International Research Institution and Bogor Agricultural
University. (unpublished)
Kusmana C, BI Setiawan, Istomo, DR Nurrohmat, S Hardjoamidjojo. 2008.
Menumbuhkembangkan Implementasi Hutan Tanaman di Indonesia.
Departemen Silvikultur-Fakultas Kehutanan IPB.
[LAPAN] Lembaga Atariksa dan Penerbangan Nasional. 2004. Model prediksi
dampak el nino/la nina untuk mitigasi bencana kabakaran hutan.
http://lapanrs.com/INOVS/IDE2_/view_doc?doc_id=35 [20 Januari 2013]
Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W.1990. Penginderaan Jauh dan Interpretasi
Citra.UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Martawijaya, A., Kartasujana, I., Kadir, K., dan Prawira, S.A. 1989. Atlas Kayu
Indonesia, Jilid 1. Balai Penelitian Hasil Hutan. Bogor
Murdiyarso and Adiningsih. 2006. Climate anomalies, Indonesian vegetation
fires and terrestrial carbon emissions. Journal Mitigation and Adaptation
Strategies for Global Change, Vol XII, No 1, Januari 2007. Springer
Netherlands.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/p333n657732k0p27/.
[2 December 2012]
Noor, M. 2001. Pertanian Lahan Gambut: Potensi dan Kendala.
Kanisius: Jakarta
Penerbit
[PFFSEA] Project FireFight South East Asia. 2003. Membakar lahan gambut
sama artinya dengan membuat polusi asap. Burning Issues No.7.hlm 3-5.
Purbowaseso.2004.Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan.Rineka Cipta.Jakarta.
Purnama, E.S. 2006. Pemodelan spasial kerawanan kebakaran hutan dan lahan
menggunakan teknologi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan
Penginderaan Jauh: studi kasus di Provinsi Riau. [Tesis]. Bogor: Institut
Pertanian Bogor,Sekolah Pasca Sarjana.
Qadariah, L. dan Wijanarko,S. 2008. Pengelolaan Pengendalian Kebakaran
Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat di Hutan Jati Perum Perhutani. http://elqodar.
multiply.com/journal/item/20. [20 Desember 2012]
Rahayu, B. 1998. Teknologi pengendalian air gambut. Di dalam Prosiding
Seminar Lahan Gambut. Universitas Tanjungpura
Runkel, M. and Bayer, I. 1991. Application of Remote Sensing and
Geographical Information Sistems in Managing Tropical Rainforests and
Conserving Natural Resources in the Asean Region. German Foundation
for International Development. Feldafing.
Saharjo, B.H. and Watanabe, H.,2000. Estimation of litter fall and seed
production of Acacia mangium in a forest plantation in South Sumatra,
Indonesia. Forest Ecology Management. 130 (1–3), 265–268
Soewarso. 2003. Penyusunan pencegahan kebakaran hutan rawa gambut
dengan menggunakan model prediksi [Disertasi]. Bogor: Institut
Pertanian Bogor, Program Pascasarjana,
Solichin,L.Tarigan, P.Kimman, B.Firman, dan R.Bagyono.2007.Pemetaan
Daerah Rawan Kebakaran. http://www.geografi.ums.ac.id [10 Oktober
2012]
Steenis, M.Z., Fogarty, L.G., 2001. Determining Spatial Factors Associated with Fire
Ignition Zones. Hotspot Analyses for East Kalimantan. Berau Forest
Management Project. European Union and Ministry of Forestry and Estate
Crops, Jakarta,Indonesia.
Sumargo, W., Nanggara, S.G., Nainggolan, F.A, dan Apriani, I. 2011. Potret
Keadaan Hutan Indonesia Periode Tahun 2000-2009. Edisi Pertama.
Forest Watch Indonesia. Bogor.
Sunuprapto H. 2000. Forest fire monitoring and damage assesment using
remotely sensed data and geographical information system (A case study
in South Sumatera Indonesia). [Thesis]. Enschede The Netherland:
International Institute for Aero Survey and Earth Science (ITC)
Suratmo FG, EA Husaini dan INS Jaya. 2003. Pengetahuan Dasar
Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan. Fakultas Kehutanan IPB.
Stolle F., Chomoitz, K.M., Lambin,E.F., and Tomich, T.P. 2003. Land use and
vegetation fires in Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. Forest Ecology
and Management 179: 277-292
Syaufina L. 2002. The effect of climate variation on peat swamp forest condition
and peat combustibility. [Doctoral Thesis]. Malaysia: Faculty of Forestry
University Putra Malaysia.
Syaufina L, AA Nuruddin, J Basyarudin, LF See and MRM Yusof. 2004. The
effect of climatic variation on peat swamp forest condition and peat
combustibility. Journal of Tropical Forest Management. Vol X, No.1, 114.
Tacconi,L., 2003. Fires in Indonesia: Causes, Cost and Policy Implications.
CIFOR Occasional Paper No 38. Center for International Forestry
Reseacrh (CIFOR).Bogor
Thoha 2006. Penggunaan penginderaan jauh dan sistem informasi geografis
untuk deteksi dan prediksi kebakaran gambut di Kabupaten Bengkalis
Propinsi Riau. http ://www.repository.usu.ac.id [15 Oktober 2012]
[WI] Wetlands International. 2006. Laporan Akhir (Final Report) Climate
Change, Forest and Peatlands in Indonesia Komponen Kalimantan
Tengah. Wetlands International-Indonesia Program
Widyatmoko,D. dan Zich, F. 1998. The Flora of Bukit Tigapuluh National
Park,Kerumutan Sanctuary and Mahato Protective Research,Riau
Indonesia. Indonesian Botanic Gardens and Yayasan Sosial ChevronTexaco Indonesia.
[the World Bank]. 2001. Indonesia: environment and natural resource
management in a time of transition. The World Bank. Washington D.C.
[WWF] World Wild Foundation. Fire Buletin. End of Year Special (2010)
Edition.Published 28 January 2011. http://m.wwf.or.id/tentang_wwf/
upaya_kami/forest_spesies/resources/firebulletin [19 Februari 2013]
Wybo, J.L., Guarnieri ,F., and Richard, B. 1995. Forest fire danger assessment
methods and decision support. Safety Science 20: 61-70.