DAFTAR PUSTAKA UJI AKTIVITAS PENANGKAP RADIKAL EKSTRAK ETANOL, FRAKSI-FRAKSI DARI KULIT BUAH DAN BIJI RAMBUTAN (Nephelium lappaceum L.) SERTA PENETAPAN KADAR FENOLIK DAN FLAVONOID TOTALNYA.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Adnan, M., 1997, Teknik Kromatografi Untuk Analisis Bahan Makanan, Andi,
Yogyakarta.
Andayani, R., Yovita, L., dan Maimunah, 2008, Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan,
Kadar Fenolik Total dan Likopen pada Buah Tomat (Solanum lycopersium
L.), Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi, 13 (1).
Anief, M., 1997, Ilmu Meracik Obat Teori dan Praktik, 169, Gadjah Mada
University Press, Yogyakarta.
Anonim, 1986, Sediaan Galenik, 10-11, Departemen Kesehatan RI, Jakarta.
Anonim, 1995, Farmakope Indonesia, edisi keempat, Departemen Kesehatan
Republik Indonesia, Jakarta.
Anonim,
2010,
Nephelium
lappaceum
L.,
(online),
(http://free.vlsm.org/v12/artikel/ttg_tanaman_obat/depkes/buku3/3081.pdf, diakses tanggal 28 Januari 2010).
Anshory, H., Suparmi, dan Tumimy, A.S., 2006, Aktivitas Antioksidan Kulit
Buah Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) terhadap Penangkapan Radikal
Bebas DPPH, Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi UII, Yogyakarta, 3
(1), 9-15.
Amarowicz, R.,and Shahidi, F., 1997, Antioxidant Activity of Peptide Fractions
of Capelin Protein Hydrolysacts, Food Chemistry 58, 355-359.
Asrianti, M., Ruslan, K., dan Nawawi, A., 2006, Telaah Fitokimia Biji Rambutan
(Nephelium lappaceum L.), Skipsi, Farmasi Institut Teknologi Bandung.
Backer, A., and Van Den Brink, B.R.C., 1965, Flora of Java, Volume II,
N.V.P.Noordhoff, Groningen, Netherlands.
Betancur-Ancona, D., Peraza-Mercado, G., Moguel-Ordonez, Y., and FuertesBlanco, S., 2004, Physicochemical Characterization of Lima Bean
(Phaseolus lunatus) and Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis) Fibrous
Residues, Food Chemistry, 84, 287-295.
Chang, S.T., Wu, J.H., Wang, S.Y., Kang, P.L., Yang, N.S., and Shyur, L.F.,
2001, Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Acacia confusa Bark and
Heartwood, J.Agric.Food.Chem, 49, 3420-3424.
49
50
Cronquist, A., 1981, An Integrated System of Clasification of Flowering Plants,
Columbia University Press, New York, 477.
Dalimartha, 2005, Atlas Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, Jilid 3, Puspa Swara, Jakarta.
Fessenden, R. J., dan Fessenden, J. S., 1986, Kimia Organik, diterjemahkan oleh
Pudjaatmakan, A. H., Edisi Ketiga, 223-224, Penerbit Erlangga, Jakarta.
Gandjar, I.G., dan Rohman, A., 2008, Kimia Analisis Farmasi, Pustaka Pelajar,
Yogyakarta.
Goli, A. H., Barzegar, M., and Sahari M. A., 2005, Antioksidant activity and Total
Phenolic Compounds Of Pistachio (Pistachia Vera) Hull Extract, J Food
Chem, 92, 521-525.
Harborne, J.B., 1987, Metode Fitokimia: Penentuan Cara Modern Menganalisis
Tumbuhan, ITB, Bandung.
Hariana A., 2006, Tumbuhan Obat dan Khasiatnya, Seri 3, Penebar Swadaya,
Jakarta.
Hernani dan Raharjo, M., 2006, Tanaman Berkhasiat Antioksidan, Penebar
Swadaya, Jakarta.
Hertiani, T., Pramono, S., dan Supardjan, A.M., 2001, Uji Daya Antioksidan
Senyawa Flavonoid Daun Plantago major L., Majalah Farmasi Indonesia,
12 (1), 32-37.
Jamilah, Minarti, dan Kardono, L.B.S., 2004, Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Buah
Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl), Prosiding Seminar
Nasional XXV Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, Tawangmangu.
Jing, H., and Kitts, D.D., 2002 Chemical and Biochemical Properties of CaseinSugar Maillard Reaction Product, Food and Chemical Toxicology 40,
1007-1015.
Kikuzaki, H., and Nakatani, N., 1993, Antioxidant Effects of Some Ginger
Constituents, J.Food Sci., 58(6), 1407.
Kikuzaki, H., Hisamoto, M., Hirose, K., Akiyama, K., and Taniguci, H., 2002,
Antioxidant Properties of Ferulic Acid and Its Related Compounds,
J.Agric. Food Chem, 50, 2161-2168.
Langseth, L., 1995, Oxidants, Antioxidans, and Disease Prevention, International
Life Sciences Institutes (ILSI) Europe, Belgium.
51
Madhavi, D., Deshpande, S., dan Salunkhe, D., 1995, Food Antioxidant, Marcel
Dekker Inc, New York.
Mangku, I.G.P., Semariyani, A.A.Md., dan Suriati, L., 2006, Studi Pemanfaatan
Kulit Buah Rambutan Sebagai Bahan Pewarna Alami, Jurnal Lingkungan
dan Pembangunan Wicaksana, 15 (2), 96-103.
Maisuthisakul, P., Pasuk, S., and Ritthiruangdej, P., 2007, Relationship Between
Antioxidant Properties and Chemical Composition of Some Thai Plants,
Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 21, 229-240.
Markham K.R., 1988, Cara Mengidentifikasi Flavonoid, Penerbit ITB, Bandung.
Marxen, K., Heinrich, K., Lippemeier, S., Hintze, R., Ruser, A., dan Hansen,U.,
2007, Determination of DPPH Radical Oxidation Caused by Methanolic
Extracts of Some Microalgal Species by Linear Regression Analysis of
Spectrophotometric Measurements, Sensors, 7, 2080-2095.
Mulya, M., dan Suharman, 1995, Analisis Instrumental, Cetakan I, 26-28,
Airlangga University Press, Surabaya.
Mukhopadhyay, S., Singh, M., and Chatterjee, M.,2000, Vitamin D3 as a
Modulator of Cellular antioxidant Defence in Murine Lymphoma,
Nutrition Research 20, 91-102.
Pokorni, J., (Eds), 2001, Antioxidant in Food Practical Aplication, Woodhead
publishing Ltd., Cambridge, England.
Prakash, A., 2001, Antioxidant Activity, Heart of Giant Recource, 19 (2).
Prakash, D., Upadhyay, G., Singh, B., Dhakarey, R., Kumar, S., and Singh, K.,
2007, Free-radical Scavenging Activities of Himalayan Rhododendrons,
Current Science, 92 (4), 526-532.
Prasad, K.N., Hao, J., Yi, C., Zhang, D., Qiu, S., Jiang, Y., Zhang, M., and Chen,
F., 2009, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Wampee (Clausena
lansium (Lour.) Skeels) Pell, Biomed Biotechnol, China.
Rahayu, D.S., Kusrini, D., dan Fachriyah, E., 2009, Penentuan Aktivitas
Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L)
dengan Metode 1,1-Difenil-2-Pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), In: Seminar Tugas
Akhir S1, Jurusan Kimia FMIPA UNDIP, Semarang.
Reynertson, K.A., 2007, Phytochemical Analysis of Bioactive Constituens from
Edible Myrtaceae Fruit, Dissertation, The City University of New York,
New York.
52
Rohman, A., dan Riyanto, S., 2006, Aktivitas Antiradikal Bebas Ekstrak
Kloroform Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia, L.) dan Fraksi-fraksinya,
Artocarpus, 6 (1), 39.
Sarker, S.D., Latief, Z., and Gray, A.I., 2006, Natural Product Isolation, second
edition, Humana Press, New Jersey.
Syukri, S., 1999, Kimia Dasar 2, 15-17, ITB, Bandung.
Thitilerdecha, N., Teerawutgulrag, A., and Kilburn, J.D., 2010, Identification of
Major Phenolic Compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L. and Their
Antioxidant Activities, Molecules, 15, 1453-1464, Switzerland.
Thitelerdecha, N., Teerawutgulrag, A., and Rakariyatham, N., 2008, Antioxidant
and Antibacterial Activities of Nephelium lappaceum L. Extracts, Food
Science and Technology, 41, 2029-2035.
Voight, R., 1994, Buku Pelajaran Teknologi Farmasi, edisi V, diterjemahkan oleh
Soewandhi, S.N., dan Widianto, M.B., 564, Gadjah Mada University
Press, Yogyakarta.
Uma, D.B., Ho, C.W., and Wan Aida, W.M., 2010, Optimizatiom of Extraction
Parameters of Total Phenolic Compounds from Henna (Lawsonia inermis)
Leaves, Sains Malaysiana, 39 (1), 119-128.
Utami, W., Da’i, M., dan Sofiana, Y.R., 2005, Aktivitas Penangkap Radikal
dengan Metode DPPH serta Penetapan Kandungan Fenol dan Flavonoid
dalam Ekstrak Kloroform, Ekstrak Etil Asetat, Ekstrak Etanol Daun
Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.), Pharmacon, 6(1), 5-9.
Wagner, H., 1996, Plant Drug Analysis: A Thin Layer Chromatography Atlas,
Second Edition, Springer, Munich.
Wijaya, L.S., 2001, Ekstraksi dan Karakterisasi Pigmen dari Kulit Buah
Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) Var. Binjai, Biosain, 1 (2).
Winarsi, H., 2005, Isoflavon; Berbagai Sumber, Sifat dan Manfaatnya pada
Penyakit Degeneratif, Cetakan pertama, 38, UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Windono, T., Soediman, S., Yudawati, U., Ermawati, E., Srielita, A., dan Erowati,
T.I., 2001, Uji Peredam Radikal Bebas Terhadap 1,1-Diphenyl-2Picrylhydrazil (DPPH) dari Ekstrak Kulit Buah dan Biji Anggur (Vitis
vinifera L.) Probolinggo Biru dan Bali, Artocarpus, 1 (1), 38-39.
53
Yudaningtyas, A.D., 2009, Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Kulit Buah Rambutan
(Nephelium lappaceum L.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan
Staphylococcus aureus Dengan Metode Bioautografi, Skipsi, Fakultas
MIPA, Universitas Malang, Malang.
Zulhipri, Kartika. I. R., dan Sumaji. I, 2007, Uji Fitokimia dan Aktivitas
Antidiabetes Ekstrak Biji Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L) dengan
Berbagai Pelarut, Ebers Papyrus, 13 (3), 89-97.
Zou, Y., Lu, Y., and Wei, D., 2004, Antioxidant Activity of a Flavonoid-Rich
Extract of Hypericum perforatum L. In Vitro, J.Agric. Food Chem., 52
(16), 5032-5039.
Adnan, M., 1997, Teknik Kromatografi Untuk Analisis Bahan Makanan, Andi,
Yogyakarta.
Andayani, R., Yovita, L., dan Maimunah, 2008, Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan,
Kadar Fenolik Total dan Likopen pada Buah Tomat (Solanum lycopersium
L.), Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi, 13 (1).
Anief, M., 1997, Ilmu Meracik Obat Teori dan Praktik, 169, Gadjah Mada
University Press, Yogyakarta.
Anonim, 1986, Sediaan Galenik, 10-11, Departemen Kesehatan RI, Jakarta.
Anonim, 1995, Farmakope Indonesia, edisi keempat, Departemen Kesehatan
Republik Indonesia, Jakarta.
Anonim,
2010,
Nephelium
lappaceum
L.,
(online),
(http://free.vlsm.org/v12/artikel/ttg_tanaman_obat/depkes/buku3/3081.pdf, diakses tanggal 28 Januari 2010).
Anshory, H., Suparmi, dan Tumimy, A.S., 2006, Aktivitas Antioksidan Kulit
Buah Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) terhadap Penangkapan Radikal
Bebas DPPH, Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi UII, Yogyakarta, 3
(1), 9-15.
Amarowicz, R.,and Shahidi, F., 1997, Antioxidant Activity of Peptide Fractions
of Capelin Protein Hydrolysacts, Food Chemistry 58, 355-359.
Asrianti, M., Ruslan, K., dan Nawawi, A., 2006, Telaah Fitokimia Biji Rambutan
(Nephelium lappaceum L.), Skipsi, Farmasi Institut Teknologi Bandung.
Backer, A., and Van Den Brink, B.R.C., 1965, Flora of Java, Volume II,
N.V.P.Noordhoff, Groningen, Netherlands.
Betancur-Ancona, D., Peraza-Mercado, G., Moguel-Ordonez, Y., and FuertesBlanco, S., 2004, Physicochemical Characterization of Lima Bean
(Phaseolus lunatus) and Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis) Fibrous
Residues, Food Chemistry, 84, 287-295.
Chang, S.T., Wu, J.H., Wang, S.Y., Kang, P.L., Yang, N.S., and Shyur, L.F.,
2001, Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Acacia confusa Bark and
Heartwood, J.Agric.Food.Chem, 49, 3420-3424.
49
50
Cronquist, A., 1981, An Integrated System of Clasification of Flowering Plants,
Columbia University Press, New York, 477.
Dalimartha, 2005, Atlas Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, Jilid 3, Puspa Swara, Jakarta.
Fessenden, R. J., dan Fessenden, J. S., 1986, Kimia Organik, diterjemahkan oleh
Pudjaatmakan, A. H., Edisi Ketiga, 223-224, Penerbit Erlangga, Jakarta.
Gandjar, I.G., dan Rohman, A., 2008, Kimia Analisis Farmasi, Pustaka Pelajar,
Yogyakarta.
Goli, A. H., Barzegar, M., and Sahari M. A., 2005, Antioksidant activity and Total
Phenolic Compounds Of Pistachio (Pistachia Vera) Hull Extract, J Food
Chem, 92, 521-525.
Harborne, J.B., 1987, Metode Fitokimia: Penentuan Cara Modern Menganalisis
Tumbuhan, ITB, Bandung.
Hariana A., 2006, Tumbuhan Obat dan Khasiatnya, Seri 3, Penebar Swadaya,
Jakarta.
Hernani dan Raharjo, M., 2006, Tanaman Berkhasiat Antioksidan, Penebar
Swadaya, Jakarta.
Hertiani, T., Pramono, S., dan Supardjan, A.M., 2001, Uji Daya Antioksidan
Senyawa Flavonoid Daun Plantago major L., Majalah Farmasi Indonesia,
12 (1), 32-37.
Jamilah, Minarti, dan Kardono, L.B.S., 2004, Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Buah
Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl), Prosiding Seminar
Nasional XXV Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, Tawangmangu.
Jing, H., and Kitts, D.D., 2002 Chemical and Biochemical Properties of CaseinSugar Maillard Reaction Product, Food and Chemical Toxicology 40,
1007-1015.
Kikuzaki, H., and Nakatani, N., 1993, Antioxidant Effects of Some Ginger
Constituents, J.Food Sci., 58(6), 1407.
Kikuzaki, H., Hisamoto, M., Hirose, K., Akiyama, K., and Taniguci, H., 2002,
Antioxidant Properties of Ferulic Acid and Its Related Compounds,
J.Agric. Food Chem, 50, 2161-2168.
Langseth, L., 1995, Oxidants, Antioxidans, and Disease Prevention, International
Life Sciences Institutes (ILSI) Europe, Belgium.
51
Madhavi, D., Deshpande, S., dan Salunkhe, D., 1995, Food Antioxidant, Marcel
Dekker Inc, New York.
Mangku, I.G.P., Semariyani, A.A.Md., dan Suriati, L., 2006, Studi Pemanfaatan
Kulit Buah Rambutan Sebagai Bahan Pewarna Alami, Jurnal Lingkungan
dan Pembangunan Wicaksana, 15 (2), 96-103.
Maisuthisakul, P., Pasuk, S., and Ritthiruangdej, P., 2007, Relationship Between
Antioxidant Properties and Chemical Composition of Some Thai Plants,
Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 21, 229-240.
Markham K.R., 1988, Cara Mengidentifikasi Flavonoid, Penerbit ITB, Bandung.
Marxen, K., Heinrich, K., Lippemeier, S., Hintze, R., Ruser, A., dan Hansen,U.,
2007, Determination of DPPH Radical Oxidation Caused by Methanolic
Extracts of Some Microalgal Species by Linear Regression Analysis of
Spectrophotometric Measurements, Sensors, 7, 2080-2095.
Mulya, M., dan Suharman, 1995, Analisis Instrumental, Cetakan I, 26-28,
Airlangga University Press, Surabaya.
Mukhopadhyay, S., Singh, M., and Chatterjee, M.,2000, Vitamin D3 as a
Modulator of Cellular antioxidant Defence in Murine Lymphoma,
Nutrition Research 20, 91-102.
Pokorni, J., (Eds), 2001, Antioxidant in Food Practical Aplication, Woodhead
publishing Ltd., Cambridge, England.
Prakash, A., 2001, Antioxidant Activity, Heart of Giant Recource, 19 (2).
Prakash, D., Upadhyay, G., Singh, B., Dhakarey, R., Kumar, S., and Singh, K.,
2007, Free-radical Scavenging Activities of Himalayan Rhododendrons,
Current Science, 92 (4), 526-532.
Prasad, K.N., Hao, J., Yi, C., Zhang, D., Qiu, S., Jiang, Y., Zhang, M., and Chen,
F., 2009, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Wampee (Clausena
lansium (Lour.) Skeels) Pell, Biomed Biotechnol, China.
Rahayu, D.S., Kusrini, D., dan Fachriyah, E., 2009, Penentuan Aktivitas
Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L)
dengan Metode 1,1-Difenil-2-Pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), In: Seminar Tugas
Akhir S1, Jurusan Kimia FMIPA UNDIP, Semarang.
Reynertson, K.A., 2007, Phytochemical Analysis of Bioactive Constituens from
Edible Myrtaceae Fruit, Dissertation, The City University of New York,
New York.
52
Rohman, A., dan Riyanto, S., 2006, Aktivitas Antiradikal Bebas Ekstrak
Kloroform Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia, L.) dan Fraksi-fraksinya,
Artocarpus, 6 (1), 39.
Sarker, S.D., Latief, Z., and Gray, A.I., 2006, Natural Product Isolation, second
edition, Humana Press, New Jersey.
Syukri, S., 1999, Kimia Dasar 2, 15-17, ITB, Bandung.
Thitilerdecha, N., Teerawutgulrag, A., and Kilburn, J.D., 2010, Identification of
Major Phenolic Compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L. and Their
Antioxidant Activities, Molecules, 15, 1453-1464, Switzerland.
Thitelerdecha, N., Teerawutgulrag, A., and Rakariyatham, N., 2008, Antioxidant
and Antibacterial Activities of Nephelium lappaceum L. Extracts, Food
Science and Technology, 41, 2029-2035.
Voight, R., 1994, Buku Pelajaran Teknologi Farmasi, edisi V, diterjemahkan oleh
Soewandhi, S.N., dan Widianto, M.B., 564, Gadjah Mada University
Press, Yogyakarta.
Uma, D.B., Ho, C.W., and Wan Aida, W.M., 2010, Optimizatiom of Extraction
Parameters of Total Phenolic Compounds from Henna (Lawsonia inermis)
Leaves, Sains Malaysiana, 39 (1), 119-128.
Utami, W., Da’i, M., dan Sofiana, Y.R., 2005, Aktivitas Penangkap Radikal
dengan Metode DPPH serta Penetapan Kandungan Fenol dan Flavonoid
dalam Ekstrak Kloroform, Ekstrak Etil Asetat, Ekstrak Etanol Daun
Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.), Pharmacon, 6(1), 5-9.
Wagner, H., 1996, Plant Drug Analysis: A Thin Layer Chromatography Atlas,
Second Edition, Springer, Munich.
Wijaya, L.S., 2001, Ekstraksi dan Karakterisasi Pigmen dari Kulit Buah
Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) Var. Binjai, Biosain, 1 (2).
Winarsi, H., 2005, Isoflavon; Berbagai Sumber, Sifat dan Manfaatnya pada
Penyakit Degeneratif, Cetakan pertama, 38, UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Windono, T., Soediman, S., Yudawati, U., Ermawati, E., Srielita, A., dan Erowati,
T.I., 2001, Uji Peredam Radikal Bebas Terhadap 1,1-Diphenyl-2Picrylhydrazil (DPPH) dari Ekstrak Kulit Buah dan Biji Anggur (Vitis
vinifera L.) Probolinggo Biru dan Bali, Artocarpus, 1 (1), 38-39.
53
Yudaningtyas, A.D., 2009, Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Kulit Buah Rambutan
(Nephelium lappaceum L.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan
Staphylococcus aureus Dengan Metode Bioautografi, Skipsi, Fakultas
MIPA, Universitas Malang, Malang.
Zulhipri, Kartika. I. R., dan Sumaji. I, 2007, Uji Fitokimia dan Aktivitas
Antidiabetes Ekstrak Biji Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L) dengan
Berbagai Pelarut, Ebers Papyrus, 13 (3), 89-97.
Zou, Y., Lu, Y., and Wei, D., 2004, Antioxidant Activity of a Flavonoid-Rich
Extract of Hypericum perforatum L. In Vitro, J.Agric. Food Chem., 52
(16), 5032-5039.