S ING 1105634 Table of content
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE OF APPROVAL ........................................................................................ i
STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION ............................................................ ii
PREFACE ............................................................................................................ iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................. iv
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... vii
LIST OF TABLES
............................................................................................. x
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................ xi
LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................... xii
CHAPTER I INTODUCTION ............................................................................... 1
1.1 Background ................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Research Question ...................................................................................... 3
1.3 Purpose of the Research ............................................................................. 4
1.4 Scope of the Research ................................................................................ 4
1.5 Significant of the Research ........................................................................ 4
1.6 Clarification of Terms ................................................................................ 5
1.7 Organizations of the Paper ......................................................................... 6
1.8 Concluding Remarks .................................................................................. 7
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................ 8
2.1 The Roles of Media in the Teaching-Learning Activities........................... 8
2.2 Visual Aid in the Teaching-Learning Activities ...................................... 11
2.3 Photography .............................................................................................. 12
2.3.1
Photography in Language Teaching and Learning ....................... 12
2.3.2
Photography as the Teaching Media ............................................. 15
2.4 Writing ..................................................................................................... 17
2.4.1
The Nature of Writing ................................................................... 17
2.4.2
Aspects of Writing ........................................................................ 19
2.5 Report Text................................................................................................ 20
Juwita Purnama Sari, 2016
THE USE OF PHOTOGRAPH AS A VISUAL AID IN TEACHING REPORT TEXT WRITING
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
viii
2.5.1
Social Purpose of Report Text ...................................................... 20
2.5.2
Kinds of Report Text ..................................................................... 21
2.5.3
Schematic Structure of Report Text .............................................. 21
2.5.4
Language Features of Report Text ................................................ 21
2.5.5
Example of Report Text ................................................................ 23
2.6 Multimodal Discourse Analysis ............................................................... 24
2.7 Previous Studies ....................................................................................... 25
2.8 Concluding Remarks ............................................................................... 26
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................................. 27
3.1 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................ 27
3.2 Site and Participants of the Study ............................................................ 27
3.3 Research Design and Method ................................................................... 29
3.4 Data Collection Techniques ..................................................................... 29
3.4.1
Classroom Observation ................................................................ 30
3.4.2
Interview ....................................................................................... 32
3.5 Data Analysis ........................................................................................... 33
3.5.1
Data Validation ............................................................................. 33
3.5.2
Analysis of Data from Classroom Observation ............................ 34
3.5.3
Analysis of Data from Interview ................................................... 34
3.6 Concluding Remarks ................................................................................ 35
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS ...............................................36
4.1 Designing Lesson Plans ............................................................................36
4.2 Selecting the Photographs ........................................................................41
4.1.1 The Material of Photographs ..........................................................41
4.1.2 Subject of Photographs ...................................................................42
4.1.3 The Age of Photographs .................................................................45
4.1.3 The Place of Origin of Photographs ...............................................46
4.3 Teaching with Photographs ......................................................................49
4.3.1 Findings and Discussions from Classroom Observation ................49
4.3.1 Findings and Discussions from Interview ......................................55
Juwita Purnama Sari, 2016
THE USE OF PHOTOGRAPH AS A VISUAL AID IN TEACHING REPORT TEXT WRITING
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ix
4.3 Concluding Remarks .................................................................................57
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ......................................58
5.1 Conclusions ...............................................................................................58
5.2 Suggestions ................................................................................................59
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................
APPENDICES .........................................................................................................
Juwita Purnama Sari, 2016
THE USE OF PHOTOGRAPH AS A VISUAL AID IN TEACHING REPORT TEXT WRITING
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE OF APPROVAL ........................................................................................ i
STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION ............................................................ ii
PREFACE ............................................................................................................ iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................. iv
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... vii
LIST OF TABLES
............................................................................................. x
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................ xi
LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................... xii
CHAPTER I INTODUCTION ............................................................................... 1
1.1 Background ................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Research Question ...................................................................................... 3
1.3 Purpose of the Research ............................................................................. 4
1.4 Scope of the Research ................................................................................ 4
1.5 Significant of the Research ........................................................................ 4
1.6 Clarification of Terms ................................................................................ 5
1.7 Organizations of the Paper ......................................................................... 6
1.8 Concluding Remarks .................................................................................. 7
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................ 8
2.1 The Roles of Media in the Teaching-Learning Activities........................... 8
2.2 Visual Aid in the Teaching-Learning Activities ...................................... 11
2.3 Photography .............................................................................................. 12
2.3.1
Photography in Language Teaching and Learning ....................... 12
2.3.2
Photography as the Teaching Media ............................................. 15
2.4 Writing ..................................................................................................... 17
2.4.1
The Nature of Writing ................................................................... 17
2.4.2
Aspects of Writing ........................................................................ 19
2.5 Report Text................................................................................................ 20
Juwita Purnama Sari, 2016
THE USE OF PHOTOGRAPH AS A VISUAL AID IN TEACHING REPORT TEXT WRITING
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
viii
2.5.1
Social Purpose of Report Text ...................................................... 20
2.5.2
Kinds of Report Text ..................................................................... 21
2.5.3
Schematic Structure of Report Text .............................................. 21
2.5.4
Language Features of Report Text ................................................ 21
2.5.5
Example of Report Text ................................................................ 23
2.6 Multimodal Discourse Analysis ............................................................... 24
2.7 Previous Studies ....................................................................................... 25
2.8 Concluding Remarks ............................................................................... 26
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................................. 27
3.1 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................ 27
3.2 Site and Participants of the Study ............................................................ 27
3.3 Research Design and Method ................................................................... 29
3.4 Data Collection Techniques ..................................................................... 29
3.4.1
Classroom Observation ................................................................ 30
3.4.2
Interview ....................................................................................... 32
3.5 Data Analysis ........................................................................................... 33
3.5.1
Data Validation ............................................................................. 33
3.5.2
Analysis of Data from Classroom Observation ............................ 34
3.5.3
Analysis of Data from Interview ................................................... 34
3.6 Concluding Remarks ................................................................................ 35
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS ...............................................36
4.1 Designing Lesson Plans ............................................................................36
4.2 Selecting the Photographs ........................................................................41
4.1.1 The Material of Photographs ..........................................................41
4.1.2 Subject of Photographs ...................................................................42
4.1.3 The Age of Photographs .................................................................45
4.1.3 The Place of Origin of Photographs ...............................................46
4.3 Teaching with Photographs ......................................................................49
4.3.1 Findings and Discussions from Classroom Observation ................49
4.3.1 Findings and Discussions from Interview ......................................55
Juwita Purnama Sari, 2016
THE USE OF PHOTOGRAPH AS A VISUAL AID IN TEACHING REPORT TEXT WRITING
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ix
4.3 Concluding Remarks .................................................................................57
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ......................................58
5.1 Conclusions ...............................................................................................58
5.2 Suggestions ................................................................................................59
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................
APPENDICES .........................................................................................................
Juwita Purnama Sari, 2016
THE USE OF PHOTOGRAPH AS A VISUAL AID IN TEACHING REPORT TEXT WRITING
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu